Description of the medicine: Magnesium sulfate (Magnesii sulfas)

MAGNESIUM SULFATE (Magnesii sulfas).

Synonyms: Bitter salt, Magnesium sulfuricum, Sal amarum.

Colorless prismatic crystals, weathering in air, are readily soluble in water (1: 1 in cold and 3: 3: 1 in boiling); Practically insoluble in alcohol. Aqueous solutions have a bitter-salty taste.

Solutions for injection (pH 6, 2 - 8, 0) are sterilized at +100 ° C for 30 minutes, at +120 ° C for 8 minutes.

Magnesium sulfate has a multifaceted effect on the body. When ingested, it is poorly absorbed, acts as a laxative, like sodium sulfate, and also has a choleretic effect, which is associated with reflexes that arise when irritating the nerve endings of the mucous membrane of the duodenum.

When parenteral administration of magnesium sulfate has a calming effect on the central nervous system. Depending on the dose, there may be a sedative, hypnotic or narcotic effect.

One of the characteristics of magnesium sulfate is its depressing effect on neuromuscular transmission. With parenteral administration, especially in large doses, it can have a curare-like effect.

The drug lowers the excitability of the respiratory center, large doses of the drug for parenteral administration can easily cause respiratory paralysis. Arterial blood pressure decreases somewhat due to the general sedative effect of the drug; This effect is more pronounced in hypertensive disease.

Magnesium sulfate is secreted by the kidneys, in the process of excretion diuresis is intensified.

Antagonists of the magnesium ion are calcium ions. A decrease in the calcium content of the blood is accompanied by an increase in the action of magnesium. Salts of calcium are used as antidotes for magnesium poisoning by sulfate.

Magnesium sulfate is used as a laxative and cholagogue, and sometimes - calming, antispasmodic and anticonvulsant. As a narcotic drug is not used due to the low latitude of action (narcotic doses easily cause paralysis of the respiratory center), but can be used to enhance the effects of drugs and analgesics.

As a laxative prescribe inside (at night or on an empty stomach - for ZO min before meals) adults 10 to 30 grams per 1/2 glasses of water, children - at a rate of 1 g for 1 year of life. With chronic constipation, enemas can be used (100 ml of 20 - 30% solution).

As a cholagogue take inside 1 tablespoon 20 - 25% of the raster 3 times a day; Also carry out duodenal sounding with the introduction through the probe of a warm solution of magnesium sulfate (50 ml of 25% or 100 ml of 10% solution).

As an antispasmodic (and to some extent antihypertensive) remedy sometimes used in the treatment of early stages of hypertension. Enter intramuscularly for 5 -10 - 20 ml of 20% or 25% solution of magnesium sulfate. The course of treatment is 15 - 20 injections (daily). Along with a decrease in blood pressure, there may be a decrease in symptoms of angina pectoris.