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Description medications: Pentoxifylline (Pentoxyphyllin)
Pentoxifylline (Pentoxyphyllin) *. 3, 7-dimethyl-1- (5-oxohexyl) xanthine, or 1- (5-oxohexyl) theobromine.
Synonyms: Agapurin, Trental, Agapurin, Oxpentifylline, Pentoxifyllin, Ralofekt , Terental, Torental, Trental.
The white crystalline powder. Soluble in water.
On chemical structure similar to theophylline and theobromine.
The product improves microcirculation and blood rheology. It has a vasodilating effect and improves the supply of oxygen to tissues. Blocks adenosine receptors. It inhibits phosphodiesterase and contributes to the accumulation of cAMP in platelets. Reduces platelet aggregation and disaggregation leads to increases the flexibility (deformability) of erythrocytes, reduce blood viscosity.
The drug is rapidly absorbed. plasma peak concentration observed after 1 hour after ingestion. By the 8 th hour concentration is greatly reduced (up to 10% of the original). It provided mainly in the form of non-toxic metabolites kidneys.
Apply pentoxifylline in disorders of peripheral circulation (endarteritis, Raynaud's disease, and others.), Cerebrovascular disease (atherosclerotic disorders, ischemic conditions, after suffering a heart attack, etc..), Vascular eye disease, diabetic nefroangiopatii and other diabetic angiopathy, functional hearing disorders.
The drug is effective in ischemic heart disease, microangiopathy combined with sclerotic or diabetic origin. However, the drug does not have a pronounced anti-anginal activity.
Assign inside pentoxifylline, intravenous and intra-arterial. Inside are, starting with 0.2 g (2 tablets) 3 times a day after meals, not liquid (There is evidence of the feasibility of increasing daily doses up to 800 - 1200 mg.). After the onset of therapeutic effect (usually 1 - 2 weeks) dose reduced to 0.1 g (1 tablet) 3 times a day. Course of treatment 2 - 3 weeks or more.
If necessary (acute disorders of the peripheral and cerebral circulation - ischemic stroke) is administered intravenously or intraarterially. Intravenously injected 0.1 g (1 ampoule) in 250 - 500 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution or 5% glucose solution for 90 to 180 minutes. The daily dose can be further increased to 0.2 - 0.3 was administered intraarterially beginning 0.1 g in 20 - 50 ml of sodium chloride isotonic solution in the following days - 0.2 - 0.3 grams ( 30 - 50 ml of solvent). Introduced at a rate of 0.1 g of (5 ml of a 2% solution of the drug) over 10 min.
When ingestion possible diarrheal phenomenon, nausea, dizziness, facial flushing; by parenteral administration - lowering blood pressure.
Contraindications: acute myocardial infarction, massive bleeding, severe sclerosis of the coronary vessels and cerebral vessels. In advanced atherosclerosis brain drug should not be administered into the carotid artery. With simultaneous use of antidiabetic and antihypertensive drugs, pentoxifylline dose should be reduced.
The drug should not be used during pregnancy.
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