Description of the medicine: Thiopentalum sodium (Thiopentalum natrium)

THIOPENTAL SODIUM (Thiopentalum natrium). A mixture of 5- (1-methylbutyl) -5-ethyl-2-thio-6-butyric acid sodium salt with anhydrous sodium carbonate.

Synonyms: Farmotal, Intraval, Leopental, Nesdonal, Penthiobarbital, Pentothal sodium, Pharmotal, Thiombumalum sodium, Thionembutal, Thiopentalum sodium, Thiopentalum narticum cum Natrii carbonate, Thiopentenum, Thiopentobarbital, Thiopentone, Thiopentone, Thiotalum, Thiotalum natrium , Tionan, Tiopanal, Trapanal, and others.

The dry porous mass or powder is yellowish or yellowish-greenish with a distinct odor. Hygroscopic. Easily soluble in water. The aqueous solution has an alkaline reaction (pH about 10.0).

Solutions thiopental sodium are unstable, so they are prepared immediately before use in aseptic conditions.

Thiopental sodium, like hexenal, has a hypnotic and narcotic effect. By pharmacological properties is close to hexenal, but it is slightly stronger. Causes a stronger muscle relaxation than hexenal.

In comparison with hexenal, thiopental sodium (like other thiobarbiturates) exerts a stronger stimulating effect on the vagus nerve and can cause laryngospasm, mucus secretion and other signs of vagotonia. Therefore, for bronchoscopy, thiopental sodium is less suitable than hexenal (GI Lukomsky). Thiopental sodium is rapidly destroyed (mainly in the liver) and is excreted from the body. After a single dose, anesthesia lasts 20 to 25 minutes.

Apply thiopental sodium as an independent agent for anesthesia, mainly with short surgical interventions, as well as for introductory and basic anesthesia followed by the use of other means for anesthesia. The drug can be used in combination with muscle relaxants under the condition of artificial ventilation (IVL).

Thiopental sodium is administered intravenously, as well as rectally (mainly to children).

Enter thiopental sodium into the vein slowly (to avoid collapse!).

For anesthesia, 2 to 2.5% solution is used in adults, and in children, weakened patients and the elderly, 1%. The solutions are prepared immediately before use on sterile water for injection. Solutions should be absolutely transparent.

To prevent complications associated with an increase in the tone of the vagus nerve (laryngospasm, spasm of muscles, bronchi, increased salivation, etc.), the patient is given atropine or metacin prior to anesthesia.

When using thiopental sodium for anesthesia, 20-30 ml of a 2% solution is administered to adults. The same amount is administered with the use of one thiopental sodium for small operations: first 1 - 2 ml of the solution, and after 30 - 40 s - the rest.

As a means for the basis of narcosis in children, thiopental sodium is shown mainly with increased nervous excitability. Apply rectally in the form of 5% warm (+ 32 - 35 C) solution at the rate of 0.04 g (up to 3 years) and 0.05 g (3 - 7 years) for 1 year of life.

The highest single dose for adults in a vein is 1 g.