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Infection with the general intoxication of the organism and inflammatory skin lesions. Pathogen - erysipelatous Streptococcus stable outside the body and can tolerate low temperature drying, heat killed at 56 ± C for 30 min. The source of the disease is the patient and the support. Contagiousness (infectiousness) is insignificant. The disease is recorded in separate cases. Infection occurs primarily in violation of skin integrity contaminated objects, tools or hands.
By the nature of lesions are distinguished:
1) erythematous form of redness and swelling of the skin; 2) hemorrhagic form with the phenomena of permeability of blood vessels and bleeding; 3) bullous form with blisters on inflamed skin filled with serous exudate.
According to the degree of intoxication emit - mild, moderate, severe. By the multiplicity - primary, recurrent, repeated.
As the prevalence of local manifestations - localized (nose, face, head, back, and so on.), Wandering (moving from one place to another) and metastatic.
Symptoms and over:
The incubation period of 3 to 5 days. Onset sharp, sudden. On the first day more pronounced symptoms of intoxication (severe headache, chills, weakness, nausea, vomiting, fever up to 39-40 ± C).
Erythematous form. After 6-12 hours from the onset of the disease there is a feeling of a burning sensation, pain Expander nature, in the skin - redness (erythema) and swelling at the site of inflammation. Struck erysipelas plot clearly separated from the healthy sublime sharply painful roller. The skin in the area of ​​the hearth hot to the touch, tense. If there melkotochechnye hemorrhage, then talk about eritematoznogemorragicheskoy shaped faces. When bullosa erysipelas on the background of erythema at different periods after its occurrence bullezpye formed elements - blisters containing clear and transparent liquid. Later, they fall off, forming a thick brown crust is torn away in 2-3 weeks. In place of the bubbles can be formed erosion and sores. All forms of faces accompanied the defeat of the lymphatic system - lymphadenitis, lymphangitis.
Primary erysipelas often localized pas face recurrent - in the lower extremities. There are early relapses (up to 6 months) and late (more than 6 months). Develop their comorbidities contribute. The most important are chronic inflammatory lesions, diseases of the lymph and blood vessels of the lower extremities (phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, varicose veins); disease with severe allergic component (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis), skin diseases (mycoses, peripheral ulcer). Relapses occur as a result of unfavorable occupational factors.
The duration of the disease, local manifestations of erythematous erysipelas pass to the 5-8 day of illness, other forms can be kept more than 10-14 days. Residual symptoms faces - pigmentation, peeling, skin pasty, the presence of dry dense crusts on the spot bullous elements. Perhaps the development of lymphostasis leading to elephantiasis of the limbs.
Treatment:
Depending on the form of the disease, its multiplicity, the degree of intoxication, presence of complications. Causal treatment: antibiotics penicillin in average daily doses (penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, or oleandomitsip, oletetrip et al.). Less effective drugs sulfonamides, combined chemotherapy (Bactrim, septin, Biseptol). The course of treatment is usually 8-10 days. With frequent recurrences of persistent recommend tseporin, oxacillin, and methicillin ampitsillip. It is advisable to hold two courses of antibiotic therapy with medications change (intervals between courses of 7-10 days). If often recurrent erysipelas use corticosteroids in a daily dosage of 30 mg. When the counter shows the infiltration NSAIDs -. Hlotazol, phenylbutazone, etc. It is advisable reopirin appointment of ascorbic acid, rutin, vitamin B. Good results are obtained autohaemotherapy.
Vostro period of the disease to the locus of inflammation shows the assignment of a UFO, UHF, followed by application ozokerite (paraffin) or Naftalan. Local treatment of uncomplicated erysipelas spend only when it bullosa form: incised bull from one of the edges and the center of inflammation apply a bandage with a solution rivanola, furatsilina. Subsequently appointed to ekteritsinom bandages, balm Shostakovskiy and manganese-vaseline dressings. Local treatment is alternated with physiotherapy.
Weather favorable.
Preventing faces in individuals exposed to the disease, it is difficult and requires careful treatment of concomitant diseases of the skin, peripheral vascular disease, as well as rehabilitation centers of chronic streptococcal infection. Rozsa does not give immunity, there is a special high sensitivity all recover.