Skin cancer
Skin cancer. One of the most common forms of cancer in humans. It is more common at the age of over 50, usually in open areas of the tepa. There are basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas. It is rare to diagnose cancer from the appendages of the skin (sebaceous, sweat glands, hair follicles). To the development of skin cancer predispose excessive sun exposure, radiation damage. Precancerous diseases should be considered hyperkeratosis - age-related and arising from intense ultraviolet radiation, Bo-Vien's disease, radiation dermatitis, pigment xeroderma, albinism, chronic ulcers and scars, etc.
Basal cell carcinoma is a rounded dense formation, gradually ulcerating and infiltrating surrounding and underlying tissues. The flow is slow. Metastases are extremely rare. Treatment comes in more than 90% of cases.
Squamous cell carcinoma can take the form of nodal, ulcerative, infiltrative forms, etc. When benign diseases go to cancer, there is an obvious acceleration of the infiltrative process and ulceration. Sometimes the premature formation does not change in any way, but there are metastases to the lymph nodes. Squamous cell carcinoma flows slowly, but in later stages, regional and distant metastases usually occur. In rare cases, skin cancer proceeds aggressively (relapses with rapid growth, early metastasis to the lungs, bones and other tissues). Treatment of precancerous processes, especially with the growth of clinical manifestations, significantly reduces the incidence of skin cancer.
In the treatment of localized skin cancer, surgery or radiotherapy is used. It is also possible to use cryodestruction of the tumor. With a small superficial skin cancer, ointments with cytostatic agents (prospidin, colchamine, 5-fluorouracil) are effective. With large tumors and metastases, chemotherapy (bleomycetin, cisplatin, methotrexate) is used. Treatment for squamous cell carcinoma is 80-90%. Treatment of cancer from the appendages of the skin is only surgical, other methods are ineffective.
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