Cysts of the jaw

Mandibular cysts are a pathological cavity formation with liquid contents of odontogenic origin.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The root cyst develops from epithelial elements under the influence of irritating effects of the focus of inflammation in periodontium. The origin of the follicular cyst is associated with a racemose degeneration of the tissues of the dental follicle.

The clinical course of the jaw cysts is initially asymptomatic. As the development develops a rounded painless protrusion, thinning of the bone wall of the cyst. Diagnosis requires radiography, which reveals a clearly delineated spherical cavity; At the root cyst - the root of the tooth with the affected periodontium, and with the follicular-unshrunked tooth (or crown part of the tooth), immersed in a bone defect. When suppurating cysts, symptoms occur that are characteristic of acute odontogenic osteomyelitis.

Treatment operative - cystotomy and cystectomy. In some cases, root cysts are treated conservatively. Festering cysts require urgent treatment - opening the cyst and draining its cavity. The forecast is favorable in most cases. Large cysts of the lower jaw can be complicated by a pathological fracture. Prevention of root cysts is a modern treatment for apical periodontitis.