Laryngitis chronic
Laryngitis is a chronic , as a rule, occurs under the influence of the same causes as acute inflammation, but acting continuously and for a long time. As a result, trophic tissue is disrupted and a dystrophic process develops. Depending on the nature of these disorders, catarrhal, hypertrophic and atrophic forms of chronic laryngitis are distinguished.
Chronic catarrhal laryngitis is accompanied by chronic inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx, more often diffuse.
Symptoms. Hoarseness, fast fatigue of the voice, sensation of persecution, sore throat, periodic cough with phlegm. All these signs increase with exacerbation of laryngitis. With laryngoscopy, a diffusely thickened, moderately hyperemic mucosa is seen, the vocal folds are thickened, and injected blood vessels are visible on them; Sometimes paresis of the internal muscles of the larynx is noted simultaneously, which is manifested by incomplete closure of the glottis during phonation.
Treatment. Gentle voice mode; Exclusion of factors contributing to the disease; Oil and alkali inhalations, inhalation of aerosols of antibiotics; Elimination of errors in nutrition; Prohibition of smoking and drinking. When you cough - codeine. It is useful to have a warm drink (milk, borzoi). Effective use of physiotherapeutic procedures (UHF, microwave therapy, Novocain electrophoresis on the larynx, sollyx, ultraviolet irradiation of the anterior surface of the neck).
Chronic hypertrophic laryngitis is characterized by proliferation of the epithelium and the submucosa. Can be limited or diffuse.
Symptoms. Hoarseness, sometimes reaching to aphonia, a sense of awkwardness, burning, sore throats, cough with exacerbation of laryngitis. When laryngoscopy - uniform thickening of the mucous membrane of the larynx, more pronounced in the area of vocal folds. With limited form, hyperplasia of individual segments of the mucous membrane of the larynx, more often of the vocal folds or vestibular folds, lining space, inter-capitulum area is determined. Differentiate follows from specific infectious granulomas (tuberculosis, syphilis, etc.) and tumors.
Treatment is the same as with chronic catarrhal laryngitis. In addition, after anesthesia of the mucous membrane of the larynx with a solution of cocaine or dicaine, hyperplastic areas are cauterized with 3-5% silver nitrate solution. Areas of severe hyperplasia are removed endolaryngeally by surgery.
Chronic atrophic laryngitis is manifested by thinning and atrophy of the mucous membrane of the larynx. As a rule, it is one of the components of the atrophic process in the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract.
Symptoms. Feeling of dryness, perspiration, sagging in the throat, dry cough, hoarseness. With laryngoscopy, the mucous membrane looks thinned, dry, covered with thick mucus, sometimes dried in the crusts. With increased cough, crusts with blood veins can flow away.
Treatment is mostly symptomatic. Apply alkaline and oil inhalation, lubrication of the larynx with Lugol solution in glycerin. For better separation of the crusts, inhalation of aerosols of proteolytic enzymes (chymotrypsin, chymotrypsin, etc.) can be prescribed.
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