laryngeal edema

Diseases of the ear, nose and throat Contents

Laryngeal edema occurs as one of the manifestations of inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesions of the larynx and is localized usually in places where loose submucosal tissue of the larynx (podskladochnoe space, the vestibular folds, cherpalonadgortannye folds, the surface of the epiglottis by the language). Can be diffuse or limited. Causes: trauma (mechanical, thermal, chemical) of the mucous membrane of the pharynx or larynx, allergy, acute infectious diseases, diseases of the cardiovascular system and kidneys, collateral edema in pathological changes in cervical lymph nodes, thyroid, inflammatory processes in the throat (peritonsillar , parafaringealny abscess, etc.).; neck abscess in acute, especially phlegmonous laryngitis, laryngeal neoplasms.

Symptoms depend on for localization and severity of edema. They can only be in the sense of embarrassment, mild pain in the throat when swallowing or be more severe until the sudden shortness of breath. This is often a significant stenosis of the lumen of the larynx. At laryngoscopy seen limited or diffuse, intense gelatinous tumor formation pale pink. The contours of the larynx anatomical details in the swelling disappear.

Treatment. The patient was hospitalized, as even slight swelling can increase very quickly and lead to severe stenosis of the larynx. If possible, it is necessary to eliminate the causes of edema. The patient is allowed to swallow pieces of ice. put an ice pack on his neck, appoint a diversionary therapy (mustard, banks, hot foot baths), inhalation of oxygen, inhalation aerosol antibiotics, antibiotics / m, a sulfonamide, dehydration therapy (in / in infusion of 20 mL of 40% glucose solution), in / introduction of 10 ml of 10% calcium chloride solution, 1 ml of a 5% solution of ascorbic acid. Also shown intranasal novocaine blockade, diuretics, antihistamines inside, in / m (pipolfen, suprastin et al.), Inhaled corticosteroids aerosols. In severe cases, introducing / m 2 1 ml hydrocortisone (25-50 mg) or on / in 1.2 ml of an aqueous solution of prednisolone (A slowly over 5 min). With the failure of medical therapy and a progressive increase of stenosis of the larynx shows a tracheostomy (or prolonged intubation).