Campylobacteriosis

Campylobacteriosis (vibrosis) is an acute infectious disease of zoonotic nature. Characterized by acute onset, fever, primary lesion of the gastrointestinal tract, general intoxication. In newborns often occurs as a septic disease.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The causative agent is various serotypes of Campylobacter. Infection comes from many domestic and farm animals. The optimum growth pathogen 37 g. C. it is well preserved in the external environment. The causative agent enters the body, mainly through the gastrointestinal tract with alimentary infection, it is possible to penetrate through the damaged skin. Pregnant women have transplacental transmission of the infection, which leads to abortion and intrauterine infection of children. In weakened people, the disease takes a septic course with the formation of secondary foci.

Symptoms, course. The incubation period lasts from 1 to 6 days (usually 1 -2 days). According to the clinical course, the following forms are distinguished: 1) gastrointestinal; 2) generalized (septic); 3) chronic; 4) subclinical (bacteriocarrier). The gastrointestinal form is often observed. Campylobacteriosis accounts for 3 to 31% of all diarrheal diseases in children, more often in children of the first year of life. The disease begins acutely. There are fever, general intoxication and gastroenteritis syndrome. There are nausea, epigastric pain, vomiting. The chair is plentiful, liquid, foamy, the admixture of mucus and blood in adults usually happens. In children, intoxication is more pronounced, in the stool may be an admixture of mucus and blood, often dehydration (dry skin and mucous membranes, oliguria).

The generalized (septic) form is more often observed in children of the first months of life, less often in weakened adults. The disease is characterized by an abnormal fever, exhaustion, anemia. Against this backdrop, pneumonia, peritonitis, abscesses of the liver, brain, etc. develop. In subclinical form, excretion of excrements from excreta and an increase in antibody titer in serum are noted.

Chronic forms from the very beginning take a chronic course (without an acute phase). There is a long subfebrile condition, weakness, asthenia, weight loss, eye damage. Women often develop vaginitis, vulvovaginitis, endocervicitis, infertility. Less common are arthritis, endocarditis, pleurisy, etc.

The diagnosis is confirmed by the excretion of the pathogen from feces, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, pus abscesses, aborted tissue, and serologically (DSC, PGNAidr.).

Treatment. The most effective are erythromycin and gentamicin. Erythromycin is used to 0.25-0.3 g 4-6 times a day (no more than 2 g / day). Gentamycin sulfate is prescribed at a rate of 0.8-1 mg / kg 3 times daily in / m. The course duration of antibiotic therapy is 7-10 days. In chronic forms, repeated courses of treatment are carried out.

Prevention. Elimination of infection among animals, compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards of slaughtering animals, personal hygiene, protection of products from contamination.