Candidiasis

Candidiasis (candidamycosis) -mikoz caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida; Affects the skin and mucous membranes, manifests a variety of clinical forms.

Superficial candidiasis of skin and mucous membranes, candidiasis of skin folds: large folds of the skin are affected, especially under the mammary glands, inguinal, femoral, interannual, anus, navel, pleural folds, glans penis, inner flesh sheet, obese persons can be amazed by folds Stomach. Initially, large areas of maceration of white color appear, which quickly turn into wet red erosions with a whitish peeling edge at the edge. Near the outbreaks, small screenings are sometimes seen, and in the depth of the folds, painful cracks. Distressing itching, burning.

Interdigital erosion occurs almost exclusively in women in arms, which is associated with working conditions. It develops mainly in the fold between the third and fourth fingers. There is a group of bubbles with a macerated surface that quickly separates, after which a shiny, smooth erosive surface with a grayish-white border of macerated epidermis hanging over its periphery is formed. The borders of defeat are sharp. The process never goes beyond the interdigital fold and takes no more than half of the lateral surface of the first phalanges.

Candidomycotic jaeda. It occurs mainly in elderly people with a declining bite. In the corners of the mouth there is red moist erosion, which looks like a crack with maceration of the epidermis around.

Thrush (yeast stomatitis) occurs more often in infants in different parts of the oral mucosa. Appear whitish coatings, which are easily removed. After their removal, a dry, somewhat hyperemic mucosa is exposed. With folded glossitis, the thrush attack is usually localized in the depth of the folds (candidomycotic glossitis).

Candidomycotic vulvovaginitis in clinical picture almost does not differ from thrush, however, grayish-white coating usually has a crumbly nature. Patients complain of itching and burning.

Candida paronychia, onychia occur almost exclusively in women and begin with a change in the nail roller. Appear edema, hyperemia and infiltration of the nail roller, from under which you can squeeze a drop of pus. When the inflammatory phenomena abate along the edge of the nail roller, scaling occurs, it remains thickened, the missing nail peel does not grow. The nail plate, on which the process passes from the nail roller, in the lesions has a brownish-brown color and transverse striation.

Chronic generalized (granulomatous) candidiasis in children usually begins with the appearance of thrush, then there are other forms of candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes. Against their background and next to them, there are lapular and tuberous eruptions, covered with crusts, the number of which rapidly increases, and the foci become deeper. These elements leave scar-atrophic changes. The process that began in early childhood, flows for years, accompanied by various dystrophic disorders, including deep caries of teeth. These changes can be combined with visceral candidiasis (bronchitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, enterocolitis, etc.). When microscopy after processing the material (scraping from the outbreak, fragments of the epidermis, etc.), 20% solution of caustic alkali shows pseudomycelia and accumulations of budding yeast cells.

Treatment. Conduct combined pathogenetic (elimination of various factors contributing to the development of the disease) and antimycotic therapy. The latter consists in the appointment of nystatin for 3 000 000-6 000 000 units / day, Nizoral for 200-400 mg / day or levorin for 2 000 000 - 4 000 000 units / day, vitamins B, ascorbic acid. External appoint 1-2% aqueous or 3% alcohol solutions of aniline paints, Castellani liquid, nystatin or levorin ointment. Affected mucous membranes, in addition, 3-4 times a day, treated with 20% sodium borate solution in glycerin. With granulomatous candidiasis, intravenous amphotericin B injections are indicated. With professional candidiasis, employment is necessary.

Prognosis for superficial candidiasis is good, with granulomatous-serious.