Favus (scab)

Favus (scab) - fungal disease of the skin, hair and nails, characterized by a prolonged course; In the USSR is practically eliminated. Pathogen-Tg. Schonleinii, affects the epidermis (usually the stratum corneum), can penetrate the dermis, possibly hematogenous spread. Contagiosity is low. Source-sick person. Transmission of mycosis occurs more often in childhood, with close and prolonged family contact. Predisposing factor is the weakening of the body as a result of chronic diseases, various kinds of intoxication, inadequate and insufficient nutrition. It occurs at any age.

Clinical picture. The most typical is the scutum form. The affected hair becomes thin, dry, dull and dusty, but they do not break off and retain their length. The patognomonic sign is scutula (scute) -a peculiar crust of yellow-gray color with raised edges, which gives it a resemblance to a saucer; The center of the hair. Scooters increase in size, merge, forming extensive foci with scalloped contours. Consist of clusters of fungal elements, epidermal cells and fat detritus. Characteristic is the "mouse" ("granary") smell emanating from the patients. On the disappearance of the scoop, an atrophic surface is exposed, easily gathering into fine thin folds like cigarette paper. Sometimes regional lymphadenitis joins.

Squamous form of the facial pile of the scalp is characterized by diffuse peeling, and impetiginoid - by the layering of crusts reminiscent of impetiginous ones. The defeat of the hair and the outcome are the same as with scutulus favus.

On smooth skin, a lesion that is rare and usually combined with a head injury, there are clearly delineated erythematous-squamous, slightly inflamed patches of usually irregular contours, against which small scutes can form. A purely scutular form of damage to the smooth skin is possible. Cicatricial atrophy does not occur. Known lesions of internal organs, leading to death.

Diagnosis with a scutum form is simple. In other forms, it requires laboratory confirmation.

Treatment is carried out in a hospital setting; Inside - griseofulvin, nizorap; Local - iodine-ointment therapy: correction of concomitant diseases, nonspecific immunotherapy.

Forecast. Without treatment, the process can take an indefinitely long time; When the internal organs are affected, usually bad.

Prevention. Careful repeated examinations of all family members of the patient and his environment.