Congenital hip dislocation

Congenital dislocation of the hip . With this developmental malformation all the elements of the joint suffer: the acetabulum, the head and proximal end of the femur, the tendon-ligament apparatus surrounding the muscles. Left-sided dislocation is more common.

The most common symptoms of congenital dislocation in the newborn are the "click" symptom in hip dilatation, the asymmetry of the skin folds on the hips, the shortening of the limb and its external rotation. These symptoms are fickle and can only be suspected of the disease. The final diagnosis is made on the basis of X-ray examination, which reveals a pronounced underdevelopment of the acetabulum and displacement of the proximal end of the femur from the outside and up. This congenital dislocation of the hip differs from hip dysplasia, in which the hip displacement is not noted.

Differentiation of congenital dislocation follows from congenital varus deformity of the thighs, traumatic epiphysis of the proximal femur in labor.

Treatment begins immediately after diagnosis. It consists in the use of various tires (bus-bar, Vilenskii bus, CITO bus, etc.), which allow fixing the lower limbs in the breeding state. With timely begun functional treatment for 5-6 months, it is possible to achieve a normal further development of the joint. Later detection of a dislocation can cause complications such as avascular necrosis of the head of the femur, contracture; In addition, it complicates the treatment methods and lengthens their terms. Light forms of dysplasia of the hip joint, as a rule, are cured with the help of so-called wide swaddling, exercise therapy, massage. Children with congenital pathology of the hip joint are subject to follow-up care of the orthopedist during the whole period of growth.