Arteriovenous aneurysm
Arteriovenous aneurysm is a pathological communication between the artery and the vein. Unlike physiological arteriovenous anastomoses with arteriovenous aneurysm there is no closing mechanism and physiological regulation of its function. Arteriovenous aneurysms may be congenital (ductal ducts, Parkes Weber disease with formation of massive hemangiomatous zones between the artery and vein, etc.). Acquired aneurysms occur more often (80%), they are caused by trauma (a bowl of the stitching or cutting nature) of the artery and vein, rupture of arterial aneurysm into the accompanying vein, less frequent biopsy of the vessel wall or application of an arteriovenous shunt for hemodialysis. The communication between the artery and the vein can occur with or without the formation of an aneurysmal sac. In the latter case, one should speak about the arteriovenous fistula. Such fistulas can be single and multiple. They can be located in close proximity to the heart and the periphery. The functional influence of the fistula on the heart and large vessels depends on the localization and the degree of blood flow through it. Fistula causes a discharge of blood with the development of hypoxia of peripheral tissues. The loss of blood volume from the arterial knee fistula to the venous is greater, the larger the diameter of the fistula and closer to the heart it is located. The discharge of blood from the artery to the vein leads to an overload of the right heart. The organism seeks to compensate for the insufficient cot on the periphery by an increase in cardiac output, spasm of peripheral vessels, and an increase in the volume of circulating blood ("the patient coats into his own venous system").
Symptoms, course. Palpable pulsating tumor, "machine-like" noise over the fistula, widening of the proximal veins with varicose veins pulsation, widening of the proximal artery with the formation of additional loops on the angiogram, peripheral fistulas lead to the development of symptoms of chronic arterial insufficiency. When clamping the leading artery or fistula, noise sometimes disappears, the pulse is cut and the blood pressure increases (the symptom of Nicolodoni-Dobrovolskaya).
Complications: right ventricular failure, varicose or ischemic ulcers, edema, congestive limb dermatitis.
Treatment is only prompt. Its goal is to eliminate the fistula with the restoration of blood flow along the artery and vein. This is achieved by crossing the fistula to cover the defects of the artery wall and vein. This reconstruction is performed with arteriovenous fistulas located proximal to the elbow or knee joint. When localizing distal to these joints, ligation of all leading and leading arteries and veins can be performed.
The prognosis with timely operative treatment is favorable. The earlier the operative correction is made, the less and more reversible the circulatory disturbances and changes in the myocardium.
- Surgical diseases
- Abscess
- Abscess appendicular
- Abscesses of the abdominal cavity
- Abscess of the Douglas space
- Intestinal abscess
- Abscess of the lung
- Soft tissue abscess
- Abscesses of soft tissues after injection
- Abscess of liver
- Amoebic liver abscess
- Prostate adenoma
- Actinomycosis
- Aneurysm
- False aneurysm
- True aneurysms
- Aneurysm of the aortic arch
- Aneurysm of descending thoracic aorta
- Dissecting Aneurysm
- Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta
- Aneurysm of peripheral vessels
- Aneurimas of the heart
- Appendicitis acute
- Perforation of the appendage
- Appendicular infiltration
- Pielephlebitis
- Atheroma
- Bronchoectasis
- Varicose veins
- Varicose veins of the spermatic cord
- Dropsy of testis and spermatic cord
- Rectal prolapse
- Gangrene gas
- Gangrene lung
- Hemorrhoids
- Hydradenite
- Gynecomastia
- Hernia
- Internal hernias
- Hernias of the esophagus
- External hernias
- Herniated hernias
- Herniated hernia
- Hernia of the white line
- Hernia postoperative ventral
- Herniated hernia
- Rare hernias
- Pincushion
- Phlegmon hernial sac
- False infringement of a hernia
- Hernias with inflammation
- Dumping syndrome
- Diverticulum
- Esophagus diverticulum
- Cervical diverticulum
- Bifurcation diverticulum
- Epiphrenic diverticulum
- Epiphrenic diverticulum
- Diverticulum of the stomach
- Diverticulum of the duodenum
- Meckel's diverticulum
- Jaundice mechanical
- Bile duct stones
- Ventilated stone of choledoch
- Papillotenosis
- Stricture of bile ducts
- Cancer of the head of the pancreas
- Cholelithiasis
- Urinary retention acute
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Foreign bodies of bronchi
- Foreign bodies of the stomach
- Foreign bodies of the esophagus
- Foreign bodies of soft tissues
- Carbuncle
- Brushes and fistulas of the neck are lateral
- Cysts and fistulas of the neck median
- Colitis ulcerative ulcerative
- Coccygeal epithelial passage
- Cryptorchidism
- Bleeding
- Bleeding internal
- Bleeding gastrointestinal
- Varicose veins
- The Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
- Bleeding into the abdominal cavity
- Bleeding pulmonary
- Bleeding external
- Parenchymal hemorrhage
- Crohn's disease
- Lymphadenitis
- Lymphangitis
- Mastitis
- Putrefactive mastitis
- Acute non-lactational mastitis
- Chronic mastitis
- Megacolon
- Mediastinitis
- Intestinal obstruction
- Paralytic intestinal obstruction
- Mechanical intestinal obstruction
- X-ray diagnostics
- Specific types of intestinal obstruction
- Ingrown throat
- Frostbite
- Local cooling
- Burn
- Occlusion of the main arteries
- Acute occlusion of the vessels of the extremities
- Acute occlusion of mesenteric vessels
- Chronic occlusions of arterial vessels
- Obtiterating atherosclerosis
- Aortic ileal type
- Hips and popliteal type
- Peripheral type
- Occlusion of aortic arch branches
- Occlusion of carotid arteries
- Occlusion of the subclavian artery
- Takayasu's syndrome (absence of pulse)
- Chronic occlusion of mesenteric vessels (abdominal toad)
- Stenosis of the renal arteries
- Obliterating thrombangitis
- Raynaud's disease
- Orcoepididymitis
- Acute abdomen
- Acute pancreatitis
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Acute cholecystitis
- Panaritium
- Panaritium cutaneous
- Paronichy
- Panaritium subungual
- Panaritium tendinous
- Panaritium articular
- Panaritium bone
- Penetrating ulcer of the stomach and duodenum
- Peritonitis
- Peritonitis chronic
- Piopevneumotorax
- Pneumothorax spontaneous
- Postcholecystectomy syndrome
- Perforated ulcer
- Covered perforation
- Bedsore
- Prostatitis
- Wounds
- Fistulas of the rectum
- Stenosis of the outlet stomach
- Fracture of anus
- Urethritis
- Phimosis, paraphimosis
- Phlebothrombosis
- Occlusion of subclavian vein
- Phlegmon
- Furuncle
- Cholangitis
- Electric trauma
- Empyema of the pleura
- Congenital intestinal obstruction
- Atresia of the anus
- Congenital cholangiopathy of newborns
- Pylorostenosis
- Embryonic hernia (hernia of umbilical cord)
- Exstrophy of the bladder
- Dropsy of shells of testis and spermatic cord
- Surgical diseases of the chest
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Congenital cysts of the lungs
- Pneumothorax
- Tracheophishoprine fistula
- Mastitis of newborns
- Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis
- Peritonitis in newborns
- Acute paraproctitis
- Necrotic phlegmon of newborns
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