Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia - an increase in the mammary gland in men with hypertrophy of glands and fatty tissue. During puberty, a painful compaction of the mammary glands often occurs, which then spontaneously disappears. The cause of gynecomastia can be various endocrinopathies: Klinefelter's syndrome, test feminization feminization, Reifenstein's syndrome, castration and hypothyroidism, testicular tumors (Leydig cells), chorion carcinoma, pituitary and adrenal tumors. Gynecomastia can be a paraneoplastic syndrome in bronchial carcinoma. It also occurs with cirrhosis of the liver, dystrophy from starvation, leprosy. A number of drugs with prolonged use can lead to gynecomastia: spironolactone, digitalis, alpha-methyldopa, reserpine, meprobamate, phenothiazine, marijuana, hormone therapy with estrogens, testosterone or chorionic gonadotropin.

Symptoms, course. Feeling of heaviness, raspiraniya: and unpleasant sensations in the area of ​​the breast. At a palpation the dense-elastic mobile education with precise contours is defined, painless. Regional lymph nodes are not enlarged. To exclude breast cancer, a puncture of the formation is made followed by a cytological examination of the punctate. For diagnosis it is important to find the cause of the disease: a medical history, examination of the testicles. According to the testimony, an x-ray examination of the Turkish saddle, thorax, hormonal profile (estrogens, testosterone, prolactin, adrenal hormones) is also performed, and liver function is investigated.

Treatment operatively - removal of a mammary gland. Gynecomastia in newborns and in the period of puberty does not require surgical treatment.

The prognosis is favorable.