Dubrovnik common - teucrium chamedrys
Family of labial flowers - Lamiaceae (Labiatae)
Botanical characteristics. A small half-shrub. Root stem with subordinate branched roots. Stems tetrahedral with a reddish-purple hue of 25-30 cm in height. Leaves opposite, simple, jagged. Flowers are pinkish red. Corolla without upper lip, instead of it two blades are attached to the lower lip, composed of three blades. Stamens in number four with a column far protrude from the mouth of the corolla. Calyx is funnel-shaped with five sharp, pubescent teeth. Fruit is a nutlet. Blossoms in June - July, fructifies in July - August.
Spread. It grows on sunny fringes, screes, slopes, prefer calcareous soils.
Used parts of the plant. Medicinal raw materials are flowers, leaves, fruits. Leaves and flowers are collected during flowering, fruits - as they mature. Dry in the air in the shade.
Chemical composition. The aerial part of the plant contains carbohydrates and related compounds: stachyose; Essential oil, in its composition: camphene, pinene, borneol; Iridoidy: herpagid; Diterpenoids: teukrin; Steroids: sitosterol, stigmasterol; Alkaloids, nitrogen-containing compounds: choline; Phenolic carboxylic acids: chlorogenic; Tannins, vitamins, flavonoids. Seeds contain fatty oil.
Application. Dubrovnik has long been used as an astringent, anti-febrile, hemostatic for hemorrhoids.
In Bulgaria - with giposecretion of the stomach, to increase appetite, with gastralgia, colitis, heartburn, belching, flatulence, diarrhea, dysentery, as diuretic, with rheumatism, gout, cholelithiasis, hemoptysis; Externally - in the form of baths, compresses, syringings - with hemorrhoids, whites, furunculosis, purulent wounds and eye diseases.
In Western Europe and India - as a tonic, aromatic, diuretic, diaphoretic, choleretic, improving digestion, with gastric colic, with ascites, hemoptysis, scrofululosis. The above-ground part of the plant is official in France.
A fresh flowering plant (juice and essence) is widely used in homeopathy. The alcohol extract in the experiment increases the tone of the myometrium, has a lactogenic effect, shows antibacterial activity.
In folk medicine, the decoction of the aerial part of the plant is used as a mild laxative, with chronic respiratory diseases, fever, gout, as a diaphoretic. Infusion of flowers - with anemia, diseases of the spleen, mainly with its increased function. Do not use in liver diseases.
Preparation
- For broth take 20 g of the aboveground part of the plant, pour 250 ml of boiling water, insist on a boiling water bath for 30 minutes, cool 10 minutes, without removing from the bath, filter. Take 2 tbsp. Spoon 2-3 times daily before meals.
- For infusion of 15 g of flowers pour 200 ml of boiling water, insist on a boiling water bath for 15 minutes, cool 45 minutes at room temperature, filter. Take 2 tbsp. Spoon 3 times daily before meals. This infusion can be used for external use.
- Fresh juice for the eyes is diluted 1: 2, for internal use - 1 tsp 3 times a day, washed down with water (30-50 ml).
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