aspergillosis

A B B D E F G And K L M N O U R C T Y P X C H W E I

Aspergillosis - a disease caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, and is characterized by lesions of various organs, most often the bronchopulmonary system. Rarely.

Some species contain endotoxin, conditioning in a number of cases of the disease that resembles food poisoning.

Aspergillus species are widespread in the environment. They are identified in the soil, moldy hay, grain, flour, house dust, where processed skins, wool, hemp, hemp. The pathogen enters the body by inhaling the spores, eating contaminated food, and through damaged skin or mucous membranes. They can cause both endogenous and exogenous infection. No cases of transmission of the disease from person to person is not established. Exogenous infection is often manifested in breweries workers (malting moldy grain), loader moldy grain millers, silicate industry workers, weaving, twine, rope factories, etc., endogenous -.. In persons with immunodeficiency.

Aspergillus can cause deep and superficial lesions of the skin and mucous membranes. Deep mycosis bodies observed in dramatically impaired persons. In this case, first affects the lungs, and then get involved pleura, lymph nodes. Aspergillus current blood entered into various organs, in which a specific form of granuloma - aspergilloma usually suppurating.

The clinical picture. The most studied pulmonary aspergillosis. The disease begins with hemoptysis in good general condition and normal body temperature. On radiographs revealed a single, well-marked darkening. In the future, the state is rapidly deteriorating: the temperature rises, there is shortness of breath , released copious muco-purulent sputum. On radiographs - diffuse darkening of irregular shape. The chronic form is usually laminated to a variety of existing lung disease (bronchiectasis, cavities, atelectasis, abscess). Have sharply weakened patients may experience septic forms of aspergillosis with the formation of metastases in different organs and tissues. At the same time there are nausea , vomiting , musty smell from the mouth, the liquid foam chair with a high content of Aspergillus, brain abscesses, lesions of the eye (uveitis), multiple skin lesions in the form of original nodes, chills, pouring sweat, hectic fever . Severe septic for aspergillosis is characteristic of AIDS.

Diagnosis. Recognition of pulmonary aspergillosis promote leukocytosis (up to 20 • 109 / l), eosinophilia, increased ESR. An important role is played by the selection of fungal lesions and fixation component Aspergillus antigen used intradermal allergy test with Aspergillus antigen.

Treatment. Assign potassium iodide (sodium) first 3% then 5% and 10% solutions of 1 tablespoon of 3 - 4 times daily. Showed nystatin (500 000 units 6 times a day). In severe forms administered amphotericin B (50,000 IU per 450 ml of 5% glucose solution intravenously for 4 - 6 hours). You can assign erythromycin and oxacillin, while chloramphenicol and tetracycline are contraindicated. Showing vitamins, blood substitutes; abscesses - surgical treatment. When pulmonary aspergillosis in early operative treatment.

Prevention includes the use of respirators in mills, granaries, weaving factories, in patients with chronic lung diseases shown prophylactic use of antimycotic agents.