APHASIA

Aphasia - speech disorder caused by lesions of the speech areas of the cerebral cortex or their pathways at the safety features of the speech apparatus (tongue, soft palate, lips, throat). Occurs when a cerebral hemorrhage, thrombosis of the brain vessels, tumors, abscesses of the brain, traumatic brain injuries and other Aphasia is often accompanied by a reading disorder -. Alex letters - agraphia, invoices - dyscalculia. Depending on the affected area of ​​the brain hemisphere developed different forms of aphasia.

Motor aphasia - difficulty or inability to pronounce the words while maintaining the ability of the pronunciation of individual sounds and understanding speech. In the most severe motor aphasia speech is absent. In these cases, even after the restoration of speech in a patient having difficulty in challenging the statements, repeating a series of words, phrases.

Sensory aphasia - a violation of the understanding of speech with normal hearing (verbal deafness) and maintaining the ability to speak. In mild cases, the patient understands the words and even short phrases, especially the familiar ( "open mouth", "show the language"). In contrast, patients with motor aphasia, these patients are talkative, but due to the loss of control over the last speech becomes meaningless, exchange of letters there, syllables and even whole words ( "verbal hash").

Semantic (semantic) aphasia - a violation of understanding the meaning of sentences. Patients say well, basically realize is said to them, but can not understand the difference between these, for example, phrases such as "father's brother" and "father's brother"; can show the pencil key, but do not understand the task to show the key pencil or pencil key.

Aphemia is that patients forget the names of objects. Rather than name a spoon, a pencil, they describe their qualities and purpose "is - what they eat," "is - what they write." But often enough to utter the first syllable to the patient remembered the word and said it, but he forgets it again in a few minutes.

Total aphasia - the patient does not speak or understand speech addressed to him. Reading and writing are possible.

In all forms of aphasia must be treatment of the underlying disease and long-term holding of sessions with a speech therapist. Aphasia is not a mental disorder, and patients suffering from it, can not be treated by a psychiatrist.