MASTOPATHY

Mastopathy - dyshormonal disease of the breast, which is based on hyperproduction of estrogens. Of particular importance are multiple abortions, gynecological diseases, pathology of the endocrine system (primarily the thyroid gland). By the nature of the lesion, diffuse and nodal forms are distinguished. Characteristic dynamics of symptoms, coinciding with the menstrual cycle.

Clinical picture . Age of patients 20 - 50 years; More often there is a bilateral defeat. There is marked engorgement and pain in the mammary glands, intensifying before menstruation, sometimes discharge from the nipple. Against the background of densified tissue, glands are defined by denser formations, more often located in the upper quadrant. Axillary lymph nodes can be enlarged, but soft. In the middle of the menstrual cycle, there is a decrease in both the pain syndrome and regress of local changes in the mammary gland.

Bloody discharge from the nipple is caused by papillary proliferation of the mucosa of the excretory ducts of the gland; The risk of malignancy in such cases increases dramatically.

With every compaction of the breast tissue, cancer should be excluded. To do this, a mammogram is performed, a puncture biopsy with a thick needle with a cytological examination of the material obtained. With localized forms of mastopathy, operative treatment is shown - sectoral resection of the mammary gland with urgent histological examination of the excised site.

Treatment for diffuse forms of conservative treatment of gynecological diseases, thyrotoxicosis. The nodular form shows surgical treatment.

The prognosis is favorable in most cases, but there is a great propensity to relapse, which is caused by hormonal disorders.