ORCHIT

ORCHIT - inflammation of the testis. It is more common in case of epidemic parotitis, influenza, tuberculosis. Tuberculosis orchitis usually develops as a result of the spread of the inflammatory process from the epididymis to the testicle. Aseptic orchitis occurs after a testicle injury.

Acute nonspecific orchitis begins with the appearance of sharp pain in the testicle, an increase in its size, an increase in body temperature. The testicle is painful on palpation, the skin of the scrotum above it is hot to the touch, swollen, hyperemic. Severe pain can occur during the spermatic cord, body temperature rises to 39-40 ° C, a chill occurs, leukocytosis is detected in the blood, and ESR is increased. Quite often, acute orchitis is complicated by an abscess of the testicle. In this case, at the place of adhesion of the testicle to the skin of the scrotum, a softening spot is determined, after some time, an ulcer can be opened.

Acute specific orchitis (for example, with epidemic parotitis) in adults develops more often than in children. Its onset is acute: sharp pains in the testicle, an increase in body temperature , fever usually persists for 3 to 4 days.

For acute posttraumatic orchitis is characterized by a long duration of the disease, persistent local manifestations of inflammation, more frequent abscessing of the testicle.

With chronic orchitis, the pain in the testicle is moderately expressed. It is enlarged in size, with palpation defined focal seals, moderate soreness. Periodically, the body temperature rises (within the subfebrile). With a long illness, atrophy of testicles may occur, and disorders of sexual function are often noted. The outcome of chronic bilateral orchitis may be infertility .

Treatment for acute non-occlusive orchitis is conservative. Assign bed rest, elevated position of the testicle with a suspension, local cold for 2 - 3 days. In cases of bacteriuria and leukocyturia, antiseptic drugs (furagin, nitroxoline , grahamrin, biseptol) are prescribed, antibiotics taking into account the sensitivity of the pathogen. If the causative agent is unknown, antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action (cephalosporins, aminoglycosides) are prescribed. After 4 - 5 days after the normalization of body temperature and the abatement of acute phenomena apply warming compresses, UHF therapy, electrophoresis sodium iodide solution.

When abscessing the testicle, surgical treatment is necessary in a urological or surgical hospital.

For the treatment of orchitis in epidemic parotitis, a combination of broad-spectrum antibiotics is prescribed: penicillin in combination with aminoglycosides or cephalosporins.

For the treatment of chronic orchitis, mainly physiotherapeutic procedures are used: ultraviolet irradiation, UHF therapy, paraffin applications. Antibacterial therapy is carried out in cases of bacteriuria and leukocyturia. Surgical treatment - orchiectomy - is indicated with frequent recurrences of chronic orchitis accompanied by testicular atrophy (primarily in elderly men), or when a testicular tumor is suspected.

The prognosis for reproductive function in the early and complex treatment of acute orchitis is usually favorable; With chronic, especially bilateral orchitis - more often unfavorable.