cysticercosis

A B B D E F G And K L M N O U R C T Y P X C H W E I

Cysticercosis - helminthiasis, caused by parasitizing larval stages pork tapeworm - cysticerci (Finn), with involvement of skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle, brain and spinal cord, eyes and sometimes the internal organs, bones.

The larval stage, hexacanth pork tapeworm - cysticerci (Finn) - a clear, ovoid shaped bottle screwed into the head (scolex) equipped with four suckers and hooks whisk. The soft tissue is round or oval, muscle - a spindle, the size of 5 - 10 8 - 15 mm. The dense skin parasite eventually deposited calcium salts, with cysticerci may remain viable. The pia mater at the base of the brain detect ratsemoznuyu (branching) form cysticerci - vesicular education botryoidal with spikes up to 25 cm in diameter, sometimes without scoleces. Life expectancy in humans cysticerci from 3 to 17 years, maybe more.

The source of the pathogen invasion is a sick person, is excreted in the feces of mature eggs and tapeworm segments. Infection occurs through contaminated hands, food, water; in addition to the infection of tapeworm eggs environment teniasis sick person can be infected with vomiting, followed by ingestion hexacanth (autoinvaziya). Cysticercosis is common in areas with measles pig pig by eating pork without veterinary-sanitary control and infection teniasis.

Clinical presentation depends mainly on the intensity and localization of invasion cysticerci. In multiple lesions of the skin, subcutaneous tissue may be asymptomatic. Determined soft, elastic consistency painless education, thicken with calcification. When hexacanth localization in the cerebral cortex in the brain membranes, as well as occlusion of cerebral ventricles freely floating cysticerci leading symptom is persistent or paroxysmal headaches, epileptiform seizures, sometimes convulsions separate groups of muscles, mental disorders (delirium, rapidly progressive dementia). When occlusion ventricles freely floating cysticerci developing acute hypertensive syndrome - a sharp headache , nausea , vomiting , appearance of congestive optic disc at the time of the attack. The attack can lead to sudden death. In cases spayaniya walls hexacanth with meninges, choroid plexus of the brain seizures become permanent. When cysticercosis retinal detachment and lens defeat led to a gradual decrease in visual acuity and blindness.

The diagnosis is based on detection of rounded structures in the skin and soft tissues of the trunk and extremities. On radiographs revealed oval or spindle-shaped formation with clearly contoured shell, often calcified. Promote recognition data epidemiological history, the presence of the patient teniasis. Diagnosis is confirmed by the positive results of serological tests with antigens cysticerci, a positive reaction to them cerebrospinal fluid detection in CSF cell count with a high percentage of lymphocytes and mild eosinophilia. The localization of cysticerci in the brain refine by computed tomography, cysticercosis eye - using ophthalmoscopy.

Treatment. With the defeat of cysticerci soft tissues, if they do not cause mechanical irritation and possible damage the central nervous system and eye, no treatment, the patient remains under observation. This is due to the fact that the specific drugs - mebendazole (Vermoxum) and praziquantel (azinoks) cause the death of the parasites, decomposition products which may produce severe adverse reactions of allergic nature. Treatment of cysticercosis eyes and single brain cysticerci surgery.

Prevention is especially hygienic education of the population - the prevention of the possibility of infection and teniasis autoinvaziya cysticerci by eating insufficiently cooked pork is not passed veterinary and sanitary control, it is possible the early detection of patients teniasis and their treatment; the prevention of pollution environmental faeces of patients with medium by the device watertight raking latrines in rural areas, cleaning and disposal of the contents of cesspools; hand washing after defecation and before eating: Wash fruits and vegetables consumed raw, tap water, water from artesian wells or boiled water from natural sources. It is advisable to survey the patient's family to identify parasitism pork tapeworm.