HYDRONOPHROSIS

HYDRONEPHROSIS is a persistent enlargement of the renal pelvis and calyces of the kidney with atrophy of the renal parenchyma caused by a violation of the outflow of urine. It develops with urolithiasis, tumors of the urinary tract, tumors and diseases of the prostate and pelvic organs, accompanied by compression of the ureter. In connection with the violation of the outflow of urine, the renal pelvis and calyx dilate, the pressure that urine exerts on the renal parenchyma gradually leads to its atrophy and, accordingly, to impaired renal function. Violation of the outflow of urine also creates favorable conditions for the attachment of the inflammatory process.

Most often, patients complain of pain in the kidney of varying intensity (from persistent aching pain to renal colic). A common, sometimes the only clinical symptom of hydronephrosis is hematuria ; Pyuria and fever appear in case of infection . In some cases, hydronephrosis develops asymptomatically and it is discovered by chance: palpation of the abdomen reveals a fluctuating tumor-like formation. If suspected of hydronephrosis, the patient should be referred to a urologist.

The treatment is aimed at the underlying disease and on removing the obstruction to urinary outflow. The prognosis depends on the stage of the process, its etiology and the state of the other kidney. In the initial stage of unilateral hydronephrosis, surgical intervention contributes to the restoration of normal kidney function. Burden the prognosis of pyelonephritis , bilateral defeat, as well as other diseases of the second kidney; But also in these cases, complex treatment (antibacterial, anti-inflammatory therapy and surgery) allows the patient to remain permanently able to work.