HYPERTROPHY
HYPERTROPHY - increase in the volume and weight of the organ.
There are true and false hypertrophy. With false hypertrophy, the increase in the organ occurs as a result of increased development, for example fatty tissue, which is usually combined with atrophy of the parenchymal elements. At the heart of true hypertrophy is the multiplication (hyperplasia) of the specifically functioning parenchymal organs of the organ. True hypertrophy often develops due to the increased functional load on this or that organ (the so-called working hypertrophy). An example of such hypertrophy is the powerful development of muscles in persons engaged in manual labor, athletes. At a pathology working hypertrophy develops under the influence of functional loads caused by any obstacles for normal activity of an organ (tissue, cell), for example, hypertrophy of the heart muscle with increased blood pressure, with valvular heart defects, hypertrophy of the esophagus wall above the site of its scar scarring, A variety of working hypertrophy is vicar, or substitutive, hypertrophy - an increase in one paired organ (for example, the kidney) when another or insufficient function is removed.
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