COLIC

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Colic is a sudden attack of sharp cramping pains arising from diseases of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space, caused by a prolonged convulsive spasm of the muscles of these organs. There are intestinal, hepatic, pancreatic (pancreatic) and renal colic.

Often observed intestinal colic. It occurs with the use of abundant indigestible food, the presence of inflammatory processes, scars and adhesions in the abdominal cavity. Intensive fermentation or putrefactive processes in the intestine contribute to gas formation and stretching of the intestinal walls, which can also cause intestinal colic. It is often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, bloating and a feeling of bursting (see Flatulence). With pressure on the stomach, spasmodic pains decrease. Varieties of intestinal colic are appendicular and rectal (rectal) colic. For appendicular colic, prolonged pains of increasing force in the right ileal region are characteristic, rectal - frequent, including false, painful urge to defecate (tenesmus).

When lead poisoning develops lead intestinal colic, characterized by bouts of severe pain, the abdomen is retracted, the abdominal wall is strained. Long constipation is observed, on the gums there is a gray border, other signs of lead intoxication are revealed.

With hepatic colic, pain occurs in the right upper quadrant, is localized primarily in the upper half of the abdomen, often given to the right shoulder and right subclad zone. Seizures can be accompanied by dry mouth, a sense of bitterness, nausea, vomiting, rising body temperature. Their duration is from several minutes to several hours, sometimes days. Often attacks occur at night, provoking factors can be overeating, the reception of fatty or spicy food. With palpation, it is possible to detect tension and soreness in the right hypochondrium, pain at the point of the gallbladder (in the corner between the costal arch and the outer edge of the right rectus abdominis muscle). Hepatic colic is more common in cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis, dyskinesia of the biliary tract.

With pancreatic colic pains are localized mainly in the upper half of the abdomen, irradiate to the left side, are shrouded in nature. It is possible to combine pain with other signs of digestive disorders (vomiting, belching , diarrhea, etc.). The abdomen is often swollen, there is diffuse tenderness, mainly in the pancreatoduodenal region. Pancreatic colic occurs with pancreatitis, pancreatic tumors.

Renal colic is manifested with unusually strong pains in the abdomen and lumbar region, which are usually given to the groin and genitals, accompanied by frequent painful urge to urinate. The patient is restless, rushes in search of a comfortable position. Renal colic is observed with urolithiasis, acute pyelonephritis. Seizures often occur after physical stress, a jolting ride. There is constipation, bloating, sometimes some tension in the anterior abdominal wall, pokolachimanii in the lumbar region often reveals a sharp soreness.

Before the treatment of colic, it is necessary to find out its cause. If intestinal colic is sometimes resolved under the influence of thermal procedures, these measures can lead to serious complications in appendicular colic. Hot bath is effective in renal colic and is completely unacceptable in pancreatic.

To ease the patient's condition, you can use papaverine, but-shpu, halidor , platifillin. It should be remembered that long-term use of antispasmodic and analgesic agents is possible only after establishing the cause of colic and determining the general therapeutic tactics, as often under the influence of these funds a clear symptomatology is lost. Therefore, the paramedic, having given the patient first aid, should refer him to a doctor to clarify the cause of colic and conduct adequate treatment.