Check the error meter, how to check the electric meter, electric meter calibration procedure (simple language) ACCOUNTING RULES OF ELECTRICITY

When the suspicion of inaccuracy in the testimony of the meter, or before using
it is easy to check. If the meter is used for custody transfer,
it is necessary to confide in their respective organizations with a sealing his body.

Each counter has its own accuracy class, which is indicated on the panel.
Class of accuracy is the maximum deviation of the counter
from the true value of electricity consumed as a percentage.
That is, for accuracy class 2 and the energy consumed 100 watt hours,
counter can count 98 ... 102 watt hours, and this will be the norm for this counter.

That is to check the error should be included in the network of a known load
For example one kilowatt at a certain time, for example 1:00, and see
how much change over the counter this time.
In our case, for 1 hour in a 1 kW load "wound" on the counter of a kilowatt hour.
During the measurements, the supply voltage should be close to 220 volts!
Otherwise, the power consumption readings will vary
Three-phase meters are tested similarly, except that the load is shared by all phases.

Quite often, such a failure occurs counters as "self-propelled."
Its presence is not allowed! To reveal the need to disconnect the exhaust from the counter machines,
without disconnecting the front, wait a few minutes to look at the disk, it should be.

If your current meter showed excellent values ​​of the norm, it is necessary to estimate the error.
And if it is more than nominal value, to give an application to the Power sales to replace the counter (at their expense)

In Fig. An example of the panel meter.



Induction meters (disk) can be checked by counting the revolutions of the disk
for a certain period of time, taking into account the transfer of the counter.
The gear ratio is the number of revolutions of the disk at 1 kWh of electricity. Indicated on the panel.

In Fig. Allowable limits of time the disk rotation phase meters of accuracy class 2.5
with different gear ratios with voltage 220 ​​... 230 volts.

Accuracy class current transformers for connecting the calculated
electricity meters, shall not exceed 0.5.

ACCOUNTING RULES FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY

A. Introduction

These "accounting rules of electrical energy" (hereinafter the Rules) developed pursuant to Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation from 02.11.95 N 1087 "On Urgent Measures to save energy," the Ministry of Energy specialists in Russia, Russian Ministry of Construction and RAO "UES of Russia" with the participation of Gosstandart of Russia.

The Regulations take into account the provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Articles 541-544), federal law "On Assurance of Measurement", "On energy saving" and other applicable laws of the Russian Federation, the state standards, regulatory and technical documents, and experience in the area of electricity.

The rules define the general requirements for the organization of accounting of electric power and the relationship between the basic normative and technical documents, working in this area.

The rules operate on the territory of the Russian Federation and the obligatory at:

- The implementation of the generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of electric energy;

- Design, installation, commissioning and maintenance work on the organization of accounting of electric power;

- Ensuring the operation of electric power accounting.

The rules contain the basic provisions for the integration of electricity during its generation, transmission, distribution and consumption in existing, newly constructed and upgraded electrical systems, as well as operating funds account.

Two. General Provisions

2.1. The main purpose of energy accounting is to provide reliable information about the production, transmission, distribution and consumption of electricity in the wholesale and retail electricity markets to address the main technical and economic challenges:

- Financial accounts for electricity and power between the actors of the market (supplying organizations, consumers of electricity) because of its quality;

- Identify and predict the technical and economic indices of production, transmission and distribution in power systems;

- Identify and predict the technical and economic indices of energy consumption in industrial enterprises, transport, agriculture and domestic sectors, and others;

- Ensuring energy conservation and management of power consumption.

2.2. The quality of energy supplied to electric power supply organization must meet the requirements established by state standards and other mandatory regulations stipulated by the contract or supply.

2.3. Accounting for the active power to ensure that the definition of power (and, where appropriate, the average values ​​of power):

- Generated power generators;

- Consumed by their own economic needs, and (separately), power stations and substations, as well as power production needs;

- Released to consumers on the lines, departing from the bus power directly to consumers;

- Transmitted in the network of other owners or received from them;

- Released to consumers of the electricity network;

- Transferred to the export and import the resulting.

The organization of accounting of active power must be capable of:

- Definition of income in the electric power networks of different voltage classes of power systems;

- Drawing up the balance of electricity for self-supporting units, and power users;

- Monitoring compliance by consumers given their modes of consumption and the balance of power;

- Payments for electricity consumers on the current tariffs, including mnogostavochnym and differentiated;

- Management of power consumption.

2.4. Accounting for reactive power must be capable of determining the amount of reactive power, resulting from the electricity supply consumer organization or transferred to it, if these data, calculations, or monitoring compliance with a given mode of compensating devices.

2.5. Accounting for electricity is based on measurements by means of electric power meters, and information-measuring systems.

2.6. To account for the electricity to be used means of measurement types are approved by Gosstandart of Russia and entered into the State register of measuring instruments.

2.7. The state metrological control and supervision of measuring instruments, used during the measurement equipment is carried out by Gosstandart of Russia and their accredited metrological services on the basis of the current regulatory documents.

Three. Organization of electricity metering

3.1. The organization of accounting at the operating power, the newly constructed, reconstructed electrical systems shall be in accordance with the requirements of existing normative and technical documents regarding:

- Siting and volume measurement equipment in power plants, substations and consumers;

- Accuracy class meters and instrument transformers;

- Placement of the counters and run wiring to them.

3.2. Accounting for the active and reactive energy and power, and power quality control for the settlement between the power supply organization and the customer is usually at the border carrying supplies outlet.

3.3. To improve the efficiency of electricity metering in electrical installations recommended for automated accounting systems and control devices that are created on the basis of electricity and information-measuring systems.

3.4. Persons performing work on installation and commissioning of metering must have a license to conduct these types of works produced in due course.

3.5. The tools of power and quality control must be protected against unauthorized access to exclude the possibility of distortion of measurement results.

4. The organization operating measurement equipment

4.1. Supplier of measuring instruments used to account for the power and quality control must have a license for their manufacture, repair, sale or rental and is issued by Gosstandart of Russia in the prescribed manner.

4.2. The organization operating measurement equipment should be conducted in accordance with the requirements of existing normative and technical documents and instructions of manufacturers.

4.3. Maintenance of measurement equipment should be carried out by specially trained personnel.

4.4. When servicing the measurement equipment must be carried out organizational and technical measures to ensure safety in accordance with the regulations.

4.5. Agencies may, on the basis of existing legal and normative-technical documents to develop and maintain within its jurisdiction the departmental normative-technical documents in the area of electricity, not inconsistent with these rules.

4.6. Periodic calibration of measuring instruments used to account for the power and quality control must be made ​​within the deadline set by Gosstandart of Russia.

4.7. Permutation, substitution, and changes in accounting schemes include tools, power supply is made ​​with the consent of the organization.

Application

Basic terms and definitions used in the text of the Rules

Electrical installation is a collection of machines, vehicles, power lines and auxiliary equipment (along with the buildings and premises in which they are) intended for production, conversion, transformation, transmission, distribution of electrical energy and converting it into a different form.

Counters that take into account active power, active energy meters called (hereinafter - the counters).

Counters that take into account the integrated reactive power (hereinafter - the reactive power) for an accounting period is called reactive energy counters.

Funds Accounting - a set of devices, providing the measurement and recording of electricity (measuring current and voltage transformers, electric energy meters, telemetry sensors, information-measuring systems and their communication lines), and interconnected according to the established pattern.

Electricity consumption for own needs of power plants and substations - electric power consumption receivers, which provide necessary conditions for the operation of power plants and substations in the process output, conversion and distribution of electrical energy.

Electricity consumption in the household needs of power plants and electric grids - power consumption, and supporting non-industrial units, located on the balance of power stations and electricity networks of enterprises required to maintain primary production, but not directly associated with the process of production of heat and electricity in power plants, as well as transmission and distribution of electrical energy.

Electricity consumption for industrial purposes - it's power consumption by district boiler houses and elektroboylernymi installations as being on its own balance sheet and the balance of power, as well as pumping water pumping installations and pumping facilities.

The customer (subscriber) of electricity - a legal person carrying out the use of electrical energy (power).

Electric power supply organization - a commercial organization, regardless of legal form, sell to customers generated or purchased electricity and (or) thermal energy.

Metrological Service - a set of actors and types of work aimed at ensuring uniformity of measurements.

Metrological control and supervision, the activities implemented by the state metrological   Services (the state metrological control and supervision), or by the metrological legal entity   order to verify compliance with established regulations and metrological standards.

Measuring instruments - technical device intended to measure.

Verification of measuring instruments - a set of operations performed by agencies of the metrological service (other authorized bodies and organizations) to identify and confirm the compliance of the instrument with the technical requirements.

The calibration of measuring instruments - a set of operations performed to identify and confirm the actual values ​​of the metrological characteristics, and (or) fitness for use of the instrument is not subject to state metrological control and supervision.

Certificate of type approval of the instrument - a document issued by an authorized state agency that certifies that the type of measurement adopted in the manner provided by applicable law, and meets the requirements.

Accreditation for the right calibration of measuring instruments - recognition by the authorized state body of reference for the implementation of verification activities.

License for manufacturing (repair, sale, rental) of measuring instruments - a document certifying the right to engage in these activities, issued by legal entities and individuals body of the state metrological service.