Ways of winding and stopping electricity meters not verified (description)

Способы отмотки и остановки электросчетчиков не проверенные (описание)

Below are found on the Internet are not proven ways for nothing. All that has been found and not verified is on this page. Below you can find and download the schemes themselves.

ATTENTION !!!
Practical application of these methods for the purpose of stealing electricity, water, gas, etc. It is against the law! Responsibility for this is borne only by the use of this information on purpose!
Winding the meter is an extreme measure!
To reduce the cost of electrification of production and home, it is highly desirable to use tricks that save energy and use energy-saving technologies.
On the page:


1. Electronic.

Content: In industrial electrical installations, in socialist times, they have always fought for the quality of electricity, namely, they tried to reduce the amount of reactive energy (the parasitic component of electricity). This was achieved by decreasing the angle between the current and voltage vectors, i.e. By the approximation cos f = 1. The matter is that the most part of industrial electric receivers represents an inductive load i.e. The current vector lags behind the voltage vector by a certain angle (up to 90 degrees). Including simultaneously with the main equipment the capacitive load (synchronous compensators or cosine capacitors for voltage from 0.22 to 10 kV) achieved an increase in cos f. So, in our practice there were cases when at the factory on weekends, when the equipment is running at minimum power, the electrician on duty skulled something wrong on Saturday morning, forgetting to disable the expansion joints, which are designed for the maximum capacity of the enterprise. The result was a decrease in the meter reading of the active electric power (induction), it is good that there is still a generation account, which subsequently showed the resulting unbalance of the parent accounting and consumer accounting! And the idea that was in the air got its confirmation in practice !!! Another example was in the village of my grandfather, who saw firewood on a 7.5 kilowatt circular in the spring, and so, while Grandfather was dragging another birch tree to the saw, we checked the counter and his diskmerzavets slowly turned in the opposite direction :) , And when the chock fell into the ruthless teeth of the saw-disk counter began to rotate forward! In short, the idea is wonderful and examples of its implementation in the life of a dime a dozen, but there is one "but": in order to obtain a capacitive power commensurate with the power consumed ie. To generate power in the network you need capacitors of high capacity for operating voltage 400 V, but craftsmen from the people and here found a way out! Here is the content of the working principle of the resulting scheme:
In the first half-wave of the mains voltage, the energy is consumed from the network (keys A and D are open) that is, the capacitor C1 is charged, but is charged via a transistor switch that is controlled by high-frequency pulses ie. The energy for charging is consumed by high frequency pulses (the reactive power cos f = 0 is consumed, and P = 0 because P = U * I * cos f .The keys C and B are opened in the second half-wave, and C1 is discharged. On the capacitor is higher than in the network, at the beginning of the second half-cycle the energy is transferred to the network, cos f? 0, and hence Р? 0). It is known that the meters incl. Electronic, tk. They contain an inductive current sensor with a magnetic core having limited conductivity in frequency, and induction, since Contain, in addition to the magnetic, also the mechanical part of the measuring system, have a very large negative error when a high-frequency current flows. Remains in the second half-cycle, through the other shoulder of the keys to discharge the capacitor into the network without any impulses. So for example: consumed 2 kW of the meter took into account 0.5 W, gave an ideal 2 kW, the meter took into account -2 kW. The result of the period - the induction counter turns back at a speed of -1.5 kW, and the electronic costs up to 1.5 kW.
Advantages: all the seals and the meter itself remain unchanged, the wiring does not change either. Earthing is not required. The device is connected to a standard outlet, it is possible together with other electric receivers !!!
Disadvantages: need to solder the scheme!
Economic effect: induction meters reduce their readings by 1-1.5 kW / h per hour, and electronic stops (i.e., underestimate) the same amount! That is, the circuit essentially represents a device for winding induction meters without a ratchet (i.e., it is possible to switch on at night and uncoil the readings by 10-15 kW / h without load) and stop all other counters at the applied load of the consumer (for example simultaneously with Heating!).


2. The winding generator.

Contents: The device is designed for rewinding indications of induction electric meters without changing their switching circuits. With respect to electronic and electronic-mechanical counters, the design of which is incapable of counting down the reading, the device allows you to completely stop the recording to a power consumption of several kW.
The device, assembled according to the proposed scheme, is simply inserted into the socket and the counter begins to count in the opposite direction. All wiring remains intact. Earthing is not necessary. The operation of the device is based on the fact that the current sensors of electric meters, including electronic ones, contain an input induction transducer having a low sensitivity to high-frequency currents. This fact makes it possible to introduce a significant negative error in the accounting, if the consumption is carried out by pulses of high frequency. These factors allow you to create a simulator generator. The main element of such a device is a capacitor of appropriate capacity. Condenser for a quarter of the network voltage period is infected from the network by high frequency pulses. At a certain frequency value (depending on the characteristics of the input converter of the counter), the counter takes into account only a quarter of the actual energy consumed. In the second quarter of the period, the capacitor is discharged back into the network directly, without high-frequency switching. The meter takes into account all the energy feeding the network. In fact, the energy of the charge and discharge of the capacitor is the same, but only the second is taken into account, creating an imitation of the generator feeding the network. The counter, in this case, counts in the opposite direction at a rate proportional to the difference in the unit time of the discharge energy and the accounted charge energy. The electronic counter will be completely stopped and will allow consuming energy unaccountably, no more than the energy of the discharge. If the power of the consumer is greater, the counter will subtract the power of the device from it. In fact, the device leads to circulation of reactive power in two directions through the counter, in one of which a full account is taken, and in the other, partial.
Disadvantages: you need sufficient knowledge of electronics in both manufacturing and configuration.
Advantages: all the seals and the meter itself remain unchanged, the wiring does not change either. Earthing is not required. The device is connected to a standard outlet, it is possible together with other electric receivers !!!
Economic effect: With the elements indicated on the diagrams, the device is designed for a rated voltage of 220 V and a power of 2 kW.
Comment (!): The scheme is fully operational, tested by us in practice.


3. Method "Phase"

Content: for the most energy-consuming electric receivers (electric boilers, electric heaters, electric stoves), an individual electrical socket is used or, when using the above-mentioned electrical appliances, the whole house is connected in such a way that the consumed electricity is not completely taken into account by the electricity meter. The method is based on the design feature of all (!) Electric meters. Performed within 10-15 minutes without interference to the internal mechanism of the electricity meter, with the safety of all the seals on the electricity meter. To perform a minor change in the input circuit (5-10 min.) In some cases, and this does not happen (especially in rooms with euro-socket outlets), you need a screwdriver and a piece of cable (1-1.5 m) with a socket. In the executed form, there is the possibility of unlimited (!) Consumption of electricity either through this outlet, or in the entire house, without changing the meter readings.
Pluses:! The easiest to perform (even a child can perform), suitable for any electricity meter, the possibility of detection is practically eliminated. All electrical appliances connected not to the above-mentioned outlet will be counted by an electricity meter (the disk will rotate, the indicators will blink) in our memory from hundreds of violators, units have been detected, there is no limit to the size of the consumption and the connected electrical appliances (only the input conductor section). In our top it is one of the first! Employees of power supply organizations, like consumers of electricity, this method is the most popular !!! :)
Disadvantages: only for single-phase meters.
Economic effect: up to 100% of consumed electricity is not taken into account.


4. The method of "Zero +"

Content: the method is based on the principle of electricity metering implemented in all (!) (Induction and electronic, single-phase and three-phase) counters. Performed without interference to the internal mechanism of the electricity meter, with the safety of all the seals on it, only access to it is necessary (the best solution for residents of high-rise buildings). In fact, this solution to the task at hand - to stop the counter - turned out to be the simplest and most brilliant at the same time! The answer to the question was so obvious that it is difficult to imagine at first. We did not believe ourselves for a long time until we ran into its implementation in practice.
Now the method is suitable for absolutely all accounting schemes: single- and three-phase, induction and electronic counters. In general, the method is very beautiful and simple enough. Electronic components are not required.
Single-phase accounting: In the executed form, there is the possibility of unlimited (!) Electricity consumption throughout the house, without changing the meter readings.
Three-phase accounting: In the executed form, there is the possibility of unlimited (!) Consumption of electricity in one phase, without changing the meter's readings.
Pluses: the most effective and safe! Fillings and the meter itself remain unchanged, easy execution, suitable for any electricity meter, the possibility of detection is excluded, in our memory of hundreds of violators, one is installed (!) (In truth, after its discovery, we basically changed the views on Accounting for electricity and this with experience of work for about 10 years !!!) there is no restriction on the size of the consumption and the connected electrical appliances (only the section of the lead-in conductor). In multi-storey buildings is performed in an hour. In our top it's the first! The method is practically unknown to workers of power supply organizations !!!
Disadvantages: there are none !!!
Economic effect: up to 100% of consumed electricity is not taken into account.


5. Method "Transformer" (for 1-ph and 3-f. Counters)

Content: when the electric meter "wound" a sufficiently large amount of kW / h, its readings can be reduced (unwind). As a matter of fact, the method describes the circuit of the device for rotating the electric meter's disk in the opposite direction, and also the circuit for its connection. The method is based on the constructive feature of induction electric meters. Performed without interference to the internal mechanism of the electricity meter, with the safety of all the seals on the electricity meter.
Single-phase accounting: to perform a minor change in the input circuit (5-10 min.) In some cases, and this is not done, and also make the simplest device - a transformer, by which the readings are reduced (the counters roll counterclockwise) of the electricity meter. The current flowing through the current coil of the electric meter is approximately 10 amperes, which corresponds to a decrease in its readings by 2.2 units (for a night - 20 kW / h, for a month - 600 kW / h).
Three-phase accounting: contrary to the popular belief that a three-phase meter can not be "rewound" in our practice, this method was discovered, which we ourselves could not believe, but this is a fact, and he is a very rascal. To implement it, you need access to the input to the meter (the terminals of the machine or switch (in our case we used an input automaton of the AP-50 type) or a break in the lead-in cable), we also make the simplest device - a transformer, which reduces the readings (twisting Drums of the counter mechanism in the opposite direction) of the electricity meter. The current flowing through this current coil of each phase of the electric meter is approximately 10 amperes, which corresponds to a decrease in its readings by 6.6 units per hour (per night ~ 55 kW / h, per month ~ 1600 kW / h).
Pluses: a practical choice! After the manufacture of the transformer, the possibility of using an almost unlimited number of times. The method of use in three-phase accounting for many employees of power supply organizations is unknown. Is considered unreal !!! :) )) In ours he is one of the first.
Disadvantages: it is necessary to make a transformer, it is not suitable for electronic energy meters and electric meters with a stopper (the panel shows a ratchet, and during the rotation of the disk, clicks of the type are audible as the clock tick, only much less often).
Economic effect: per month ~ 600 kW / h for single-phase and ~ 1600 kW / h for three-phase meters, electricity is not taken into account (depends on appetite :) ).


6. The "Starters"

Content: on the lead-in cable, up to the electricity meter, a break (box) is made from which one end goes to the electricity meter, the other to the magnetic starter (rated current depending on the load, usually 25 Amperes and more), through the starter power everything that your heart desires (heating system , Electric stoves, saunas, etc.), while providing the possibility of their connection and through an electricity meter (in case of verification). The control circuits of the starter (start and stop buttons) are powered from the house network, via an electric meter in a convenient location for quick disconnection (again in case of verification). There were cases when the buttons were disguised as interior elements: pictures, hangers, clocks. When testing, the voltage from the load is removed from the starter and the voltage indicator of the inspector shows nothing, the starter itself is carefully masked, and the wiring is placed in the metal hose (a good screen for voltage indicators) and is plastered or sewed with a lining. Often, the load is connected directly from the break (box), without the starter, in this case the probability of detecting the "left" wiring is increased many times by the inspectors (now all the personnel of power supply organizations are equipped with voltage indicators, the usual receiver is 50 Hertz, it shows the presence of hidden wiring at a depth of 4 Cm if it is not screened).

Advantages: the ability to use almost unlimited number of times, the difficulty of detection, all the seals and the meter itself remain without damage. Suitable for three-phase accounting. In ours he is one of the first.
Disadvantages: the need to install additional wiring and the integrity of the input cable (detection capability).
Economic effect: cases were discovered when the consumer "saved" about 10,000-13,000 kW / h per month.


7. Method "Cremation of the voltage coil"

Content: using a simple circuit that plugs into a standard socket, in induction three-phase meters, the voltage coil of the phase from which the above-mentioned socket is energized is disabled. The method is rather extreme and requires the presence of the spirit. Look for an hour on fumyaschsya counter occasionally scattering sparks from liquid metal (all that remains of the coil voltage), not everyone has enough nerves! A joke, of course! :) The process of failure of one counter element takes a maximum of 2 minutes. This is achieved, as the name implies, by burning one or more voltage coils by applying an increased voltage from the above device. All diodes are 1000V / 1A, all conderas are 50 uF (as you can see, two of them are connected in series!). Use Condera imported, the Soviet explode. VU - this is the rectifier-voltage multiplier, which is included after the meter into one of the sockets of the consumer's network. Scheme it from below from the circuit of connecting the VU to the meter.


Advantages: the simplest circuit is included in a normal outlet, all the seals on the meter and on the input switching device remain unchanged.
Disadvantages: after the application of this device, one element fails irrevocably. It is not possible to restore the rewired voltage coil without opening the counter.
Economic effect: a third (with a symmetrical load) or more (if we load the phase in which the voltage coil was burned), electricity is not taken into account.
Comment (!): Not long ago, one of our colleagues from the same Baltic - pastas5kv, told us the following, that this method is suitable for electronic counters (including the most sophisticated ones from ABB (Germany)). The essence of his comment is this: with cremation of 2 phases in a three-phase meter, the calculation of electricity still continues 100%, because The voltage to the counter controller comes from a single "healthy" phase. If you turn it off, then the accounting will stop, even if there is a load on the two "cremated" phases! The indication on the counter will be the same as if the mains voltage was missing at all. Thus it turns out that after cremation it is possible to use one or two phases without taking into account their electric meter, it is only necessary to disconnect, respectively, two or one "serviceable" phase. And one more comment from pastas5kv: high voltage can not be applied immediately to a maximum, it must be applied several times starting from a small level and gradually increasing until an insulation breakdown occurs and the output of the voltage coil is out of order. As the author claims, if the cremation is done correctly, then the failed coil does not externally differ from the serviceable one.


8. Method "Angle of inclination"

Content: The method is based on the constructive feature of induction electric meters. Performed without interference to the internal mechanism of the electricity meter, with the safety of all the seals on the electricity meter. Eletroschechik together with the flap on which it is attached tilts relative to the ground at an angle of up to 90 degrees (usually the flap is either hinged at the top, or the fastening of the flap is easily removed). When the electricity meter "lies on the back", its disk ceases to rotate, regardless of the load connected through it. Actually the disk ceases to rotate already at 40-60 degrees of slope
Advantages: possibility to use almost unlimited number of times, simplicity of execution, all seals and the meter itself remain without damage. Suitable for three-phase accounting. In ours he is one of the first.
Disadvantages: not suitable for electronic electricity meters, a lot of trouble with setting the desired angle, with a sudden test is easily detected.
Economic effect: in a month up to 100% of electricity is not taken into account.


9. Method "Measuring circuits" (includes four methods)

Content: If direct current meters (up to 100 Ampere) are included in the meters, the measuring circuits are integrated inside the housing (in many electronic transformers there are current transformers - busbars and windings, nothing special), then electricity meters for large consumers (working currents from 100 Amperes and Above), part of the accounting scheme is installed outside the meter body - current and voltage transformers (for recording in circuits of 10 kV and above). There are several schemes depending on how the accounting is organized, the measurement chains are sealed, which input switching device, where the transformers are installed (on the RP, TP or ZTP, in the ASP). In our practice, hundreds of schemes of under-accounting of electric power were found, but they are not fundamentally different, there are four main ways, the difference is only in performance. 1). Shunt secondary circuits of current transformers 2). Changing the polarity of current transformers 3). Disconnecting the conductor of the voltage coil of the electric meter 4) The shunt of the current transformer

All manipulations are performed at the terminals of the current transformers. This requires free access to the transformers themselves, or (if any) access to the test block (installed before the electric meter). The big problem is whether the transformers and the test shoe are sealed, no. As a rule, both are not sealed. The worst option is when the entire electricity billboard is sealed, then basically - BREAK. Sealing of the secondary is performed using plastic caps (mold or factory ones). However, there is always a distance between the wires and the cap itself, into which a shunt is inserted (a normal bracket of wire with insulation and bare ends for a length that would be sufficient to touch the secondary contacts). If the CTs (current transformers) are not sealed, then in general there is a freebie: by switching off the input automaton or the switch (under voltage it is impossible - if the secondary is opened, under the induced potential, a breakdown can occur), unscrew the screws securing the secondary wires and insert the same clamp The most shunt (see above). The change in the polarity of the CT is performed only on unshined secondary leads. Performed elementary: unscrew the screws securing the wires secondary and they are replaced in places (wires essno!). Manipulations are carried out with the voltage removed (see above). The disconnection of the voltage coil conductor is also performed on unshielded TTs. Again, removing the voltage from the TT, using a conventional wrench (usually 14 (13) or 17), unscrew the nut of the "tension" wire and the latter is dismantled. It can then be put between the wire and the nut to put washers with poor conductive electrodes, they can simply be painted at the point of contact, or it is good to pierce the exposed end of the wire (again, worsen the contact!) And install the wire in place. The shunting of the TT itself is also quite simple, by switching off the input automaton (switch, package, etc.), with the help of "crocodiles" a conductor of good cross-section (with full insulation) to the TT and after the CT can be fixed in all phases. The method is applicable in some cases, when the entire accounting board is sealed. In our top he is one of the first.
Pluses: all the seals and the meter itself remain unchanged.
Disadvantages: in any case, the initial knowledge of electrical engineering is required for grammatical collection of the scheme. You need constant monitoring of accounting, in order to analyze the scheme (in some cases), you need time.
Economic effect: from 30% to 100% of unaccounted for consumed electricity (100% of the truth is contrary to common sense). In our practice cases have been found with a decent under-estimate of electricity, for example: about 30,000 kWh per month (flour mill) and 80,000 kWh per month (confectionery line for the production of biscuits), and many others like them. In this case, consumers have used this method for more than one month. There are 4 (!) Schemes for its execution.

10. Method "Shock" (includes three methods)

Content: the method is based on the design features of electronic electricity meters. Performed without interference to the internal mechanism of the electricity meter, with the safety of all the seals on the electricity meter. There are three ways: 1) for electricity meters of the SET type (a case was found), it is tightly wrapped with black polyethylene and in hot weather after a while it breaks down, as a rule starts to "go" at high speed (they say, it can stop) , Which subsequently establishes a check. 2) for meters of type CE6807B (with LCD panel), but it is also possible for others: an electric shock (used for self-defense) is brought close to the electric meter and turned on several times until the indication on the panel is reset. 3) the most extreme: if there is good wiring (decent cross-section) and automation, include the maximum permissible load for an electric meter (for example welding) with jerks with small interruptions, as a rule one or several built-in current transformers fail (the secondary burns).
Disadvantages: suitable only for electronic energy meters, mostly single use
The economic effect: in each case in different ways, it is difficult to predict.


11. Method "Shunt counter"

Content: the method is quite trivial, its essence is as follows: from the introductory switching device to the load switching devices, a so-called shunt, which is a piece of wire of the required length, is mounted. In the executed form, when the input device is switched on, the most part of the consumed electricity is not taken into account, but if this device is disconnected (and the shunt is connected under voltage to the input terminals of the input device), then all the consumed electricity is not taken into account. The easiest way is to perform in the housing shields (on staircases), because In most cases there is free access to both the introductory (as a rule, this is an ordinary package), and to load (two or more circuit breakers) switching devices. After disconnecting the input device (rotate the bag handle by 90 degrees), check the absence of voltage on the outgoing contacts (with a standard screwdriver, the "probe"), cut off the wire (with full insulation) of the required length, be peeled off at both ends and then one end fixed to the phase The outgoing contact of the packer (under the screw the bare end is formed into a "ring"), the second end to the phase contact of the load automaton. That's all ready! Turns on the package by turning the knob to 90 degrees. And the circuit is ready for operation. In the shield, the shunt is masked and closed by all switching devices with a protective panel (which was removed before installation :) ). Inspectors look inside the shield at best once a century (especially if the house is 9 or more floors).
There are even simpler variants when the shunt is performed directly in front of the terminal block of the meter, or by cleaning the insulation of the generator and load phase conductors, and then by shorting them (either directly or using a piece of wire) or by "slipping" under the cover of the terminal block Wires in the form of a bracket in the holes between the 1 st and 2 nd terminal (where the generator and load phase wires are initially mounted).
Disadvantages: if the inspectors once look behind the protective panel hiding the contacts of the package and automatic machines, then the trick is easily detected.
Economic effect: if you only shunt the phase, the meter underestimates up to 50% of the consumed electricity, if you shunt and zero, then 100% of undercount is guaranteed.


12. The way "Friends"

Content: the method is used, as a rule, in cases when one consumer has on his balance sheet 1-ф. Counter and 3 f. Counter (power), or when the neighbors are in a friendly relationship (then they manage what is called "exchange phases"). In any case, it is necessary to have two counters. The bottom line is as follows: one phase is taken from one counter, the other is zero. In case of using 1-ф. And 3 f. Counters, the phase is taken from 1-f., And zero from 3 f. In doing so, do not forget before making the wire switching, to make phasing (ie phase from one meter to connect to the network (socket)) of another meter to the phase contact (find out with a screwdriver- "probe" in advance), and zero respectively). In the scheme 1-f. The counter from which the phase is taken, you need to make input changes (change the phase and neutral wires in places) and turn off the zero switching device. In the circuit of the second counter, the phase switching device is disconnected.

Disadvantages: Elementary knowledge of electrical engineering is needed because it is necessary to make changes to the input 1ph. Counter, mount additional wiring.
Economic effect: up to 100% of undercount of electricity is guaranteed.


13. Method "Voltage screw" (includes two methods)

Contents: with two screws, through the top part of which either a fishing line or wire is passed on to which the local power supply organization establishes its seal, excluding the consumer access to the terminals of the electricity meter. The essence of the method is as follows: the aforementioned seal is removed, the screw (s) of the lid fastening are twisted and here it is the terminal. Wow! And now what? And now the consumer using a screwdriver with an insulated handle, carefully 1) unscrews the voltage screw (it is easy to determine, it fastens a small jumper about 1 cm long on the left side of the terminal board), until the meter's disk stops or he stops blinking (if the counter electronic). Yes, by the way, some consumers with the cover removed 2) change the two wires from the first and second terminals in places, the effect is impressive - the electric meter's disk rotates in the opposite direction, and the electronic stops (though the counters began to appear (eg Solo) And in this case). Now it's time to put everything in place: the lid, the screw (s) and ... the seal, which is installed as in the previous method.

Advantages: the effect is instantaneous, or if you place a washer out of a bad electrical conductor (paint with varnish or graphite grease) under the voltage jumper, prolonged.
Disadvantages: as in the previous method, deformed and counterfeit seals in 90% of cases are very easy to determine.
Economic effect: up to 100% of consumed electricity is not taken into account.


14. Method "Voltage bridges" (includes two methods)

Content: the terminal block of the three-phase power meter is closed by a cover that is fastened with two screws through which the upper part is passed either a fishing line or a wire to which the local power supply organization establishes its seal, excluding the consumer access to the terminals of the electricity meter. The essence of the method is as follows: the aforementioned seal is removed, the screw (s) of the lid fastening are twisted and here it is the terminal. Wow! And now what? And now the consumer using a screwdriver with an insulated handle, carefully 1) twists the screws of the voltage jumpers (they are easy to determine, they are installed between the 1st and 2nd, 4th and 5th, 7th and 8th long terminals About 1 cm), until the electric meter's disk stops or it stops blinking (if the meter is electronic). Yes, by the way, some consumers with the cover removed 2) change the two wires from the 1st, 3rd, 4th and 6th, 7th and 9th terminals in places, the effect is impressive - the power meter's disk rotates in reverse Side, and the electronic stops. Now it's time to put everything in place: the lid, the screw (s) and ... the seal, which is carefully passed through the fishing line or wire, after passing through the screws of the lid fastening, and then press everything (pliers with a rag on the jaws Not leave traces), fake seals, etc.).

Advantages: the effect is instantaneous, or if you place a washer out of a bad electrical conductor (paint with varnish or graphite grease) under the voltage jumper, prolonged.
Disadvantages: as in the previous method, deformed and counterfeit seals in 90% of cases are very easy to determine. Workers of power supply organizations: be careful, carry a flashlight and a magnifying glass!
Economic effect: up to 100% of consumed electricity is not taken into account.


15. Method "Nameplate of the transformer"

Content: mostly new consumers are used, the essence is as follows: for an existing current transformer, for example 300/5, a nameplate (information panel) is installed from a transformer with a smaller coefficient, for example from 100/5. As a result, the calculation for the consumed electricity involves a smaller coefficient.
Advantages: it is very simple to perform, the electricity meter itself does not bother.
Disadvantages: when tested, they can detect (rarely).
Economic effect: depends on the appetite


16. Method "Slit"

Contents: Between the glass and the casing of the electricity meter, by pressing or picking (a synonym not to pick up) the glue, a micro-space is formed sufficient to push a strip of thin but strong material (usually a film) about 10 cm long and 1 cm wide, Which at the same time stops its movement.

Достиства: the effect is instant, you can use it repeatedly, as before a coin on a string for a phone-machine. Suitable for three-phase accounting.
Disadvantages: when you carefully look at the glass and the casing of the electronic meter, it is very easy to detect (the slit itself is visible, and on the glass there are usually scratches and fingerprints (from large traffic :) )). It happened that after disassembling such a counter, inside it turned out the consumers themselves :) )) Suitable only for induction electric meters (they have something to stop - drive!).
Economic effect: up to 100% of consumed electricity is not taken into account.


17. Way "Hole"

Contents: a hole is made in any part of the meter casing (right, left, top, bottom, from the back side (through the wall on which the meter is installed), behind the shoulder of the casing (rim around the perimeter of the electric meter in 1-2 cm from the back) And an object such as a needle or needle is inserted into it (preferably from a dielectric material: plastic or wood) of such size that it takes out to the disk of the counter, and how it reaches, then the megadewise electric meter turns into a piece of carbolite with a filling in which even the disk does not rotate. There were cases in history when the hole was discovered only at the time of the replacement of the electricity meter by the warehouse (made jewelry, the mosquito does not undermine the nose!).

Advantages: the disk of the electric meter does not rotate, means what? Correctly, the indications do not change, money is saved (for example, on new boots or a ticket to Penkina in the first row). Suitable for three-phase accounting.
Disadvantages: not suitable for electronic energy meters (although some consumers tried to make an opening for stopping the stopper stopper (opposite the counting mechanism on the right side near the last drum) too much, it is easy to detect, it is not very easy to restore the integrity of the meter casing (although puttying , Skin and kuzbass varnish, here they are "crazy hands").
Economic effect: up to 100% of the consumed electricity is not accounted for by the electricity meter.


18. Method "Seal of state verification" (includes nine methods)

Contents: the casing of the electricity meter is attached to the base by two or three screws, through the upper part of which (usually two) either a fishing line or wire (sometimes protected from damage of the Silvayr LG9 type) is passed on to which the state inspector (or the manufacturer) Most confirming that the device is suitable for operation (works in the measurement class, there is no self-propulsion, etc.). Without removing this seal, access to the internal mechanism is not possible (as a rule!). These seals are carefully removed (as far as possible), the screws securing the casing are removed, the casing is removed. Hooray! Do with a counting mechanism, either with a voltage coil, or with current transformers (for electronic energy meters) or with an information panel that the soul will wish (and it wants one-save paper with watermarks). There are several ways: 1) using a screwdriver, twisting disgusting numbers on the reels of the counting mechanism back, 2) soldering into the voltage coil circuit (different from the current coil with a much smaller cross-section) resistance or 3) reed switch (in the future, placing a permanent magnet to the meter, Stop), 4) change the information panel to another (for CO-И446 meters, set to 10-34 Ampere counter (five windows are cut out), panel from 5-17 Ampere (on it four windows are cut) ie instead of Units are tens of kW / h, 5) bite some of the teeth of the counting mechanism (on tens and hundreds, the second and third drums), usually through one tooth, etc. 6) solder the shunt into the current coil circuit (especially relevant for electronic counters, short-circuit current transformers), 7) tighten the permanent magnet fixing screw by bringing it closer to the disc (brake the disc), 8) loosen the gear of the counting gear with the disk-drive screw, 9 ) Reduce the number of turns of the current coil of the electricity meter. All this ultimately leads to underestimation of electricity, but it's time to collect the designer: install the casing in place, tighten the screws and oh, Mom! And with seals what to do then? Himself shot, himself and priastryachivay. First fill the seals carefully on a fishing line or wire, then press. Yes, I almost forgot, many consumers in a hurry put the casing of the electricity meter as it is necessary, but it is necessary to put it as it was - projections upward. When pressing the seal, everything goes into play: pliers with a rag on sponges (so as not to leave traces), seals, counterfeits, etc.
Advantages: instantaneous effect (in the case of a screwdriver twisting drums) or prolonged (shunts of the current coil (current transformers), reed switch and resistance in the voltage coil circuit, replacement of the information panel or the bite of the part of the counting gear teeth). Suitable for three-phase accounting.
Disadvantages: deformed or counterfeit seals are very easily identified (in 90% of cases). Workers of power supply organizations: be careful, carry a flashlight and a magnifying glass!
Economic effect: twisting drums of the counting mechanism - up to 100% of the consumed electricity without taking into account the shunt of the current coil - it is possible to achieve 100% of the unaccounted for electricity, reed switch and resistance - from 30 to 100% of electricity is not taken into account.


19 . The method of "direct current"

Content: A significant increase in the negative error of induction electric meters can be achieved by passing a current through their current coils, which will make a magnet from the core of the current coil. The magnet in turn causes the electric disk to brake. A similar (permanent) magnet exists in each induction electric meter. Additional magnet - additional braking. In order to simply supply a direct current through the current coils, two meters are required to be connected to one phase. It is possible, for example, to co-operate with a neighbor, or under any pretext to issue an additional counter. The secondary winding of the transformer should give a small voltage of ~ 5 V, such that the current is equal to the double rated current of the counter. It is selected experimentally. The throttle is optional, it allows you to keep a record of electricity separately on circuits, and also smooths the ripple of the rectified current. The number of turns must be small to avoid saturation of its core. In this way, it is possible to reduce the counter by ~ 30%.
Disadvantages: we need one more phase and we need to make a scheme
Economic effect: up to 100% of undercount of electricity is guaranteed.


20 . The way "Rostock"

Content: for electricity meters "Rostok" SOE-5020N, ​​but also suitable for everyone on the ADE77XX. The counter does not know how to immediately consider the active power, so it assumes that the total power is equal to the geometric sum of the active and reactive powers. The electricity meter measures the total power and reactive power, and from these two powers finds an active one. Here is the basis of the method - it is enough to make the counter count the reactive power is very large and then the meter stops. How to do it - it turns out after 5 datasheet readings on AD7751. For the manufacture of the device, a handful of electronic junk is required with a total cost of about 4-5 cu.
Disadvantages: you need sufficient knowledge of electronics
Economic effect: up to 100% of undercount of electricity is guaranteed.


21. Method "Electroheating"

Content: It's no secret that modern household appliances are economical enough, and paying for energy consumed by them is not such a heavy stone on the neck of citizens. Another question is the electric heater (fireplace, sauna, thermal curtain at the store entrance, electric boiler, water heater, etc.) - why should I pay for heating? And if I'm heated what I and pay for it ?? Absurd! Let's learn how to use an electric heater for free. With the help of our scheme it is possible to turn the electric heater into a socket completely imperceptibly for the meter. I will say directly - you can connect any electrical device that is not demanding to the form of the supply voltage. How does this circuit work? After power on, the mains voltage is simultaneously applied to the diodes VD1 and the primary winding of the transformer T1. If at the moment the regulator was turned on in the network, there was a voltage of negative polarity, the load current flows through the emitter-collector circuit VT1. If the polarity of the mains voltage is positive, the current flows through the collector-emitter circuit VT1. Well, and so on. Thus, our electric heater has turned into a high-frequency (from the point of view of the meter) load, and it's like he does not like it. After all, it is known that counters are both electronic (they contain an inductive current sensor with a magnetic circuit having limited frequency conductivity) and induction ones (which contain, in addition to the magnetic one, a mechanical part of the measuring system), have a very large negative error in the course of high-frequency current. The device is inserted into a standard socket through it and the electrical heating (fireplace, boiler, etc.) is powered, there is no need to access the meter or input, everything remains unchanged, no earthing is required !!!
Disadvantages: it is necessary to make a scheme, which truth will assemble and set up any beginner ham radio student :)
Economic effect: up to 100% of the undercount of electricity consumed by the electric heater is guaranteed.

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