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The phenomenon of direct conversion of the energy of the magnetic field of permanent magnets
And its application to power engineering and mechanics
Dudyshev Valery Dmitrievich, Russia, Samara
Samara Technical University
MAGNETIC GEARBOXES
Modern multistage reducers are used everywhere in many types of machinery from motor vehicles to food processors. So far, these are quite complex and expensive mechanical devices. The use of modern permanent magnets and their properties of force interaction with each other makes it possible to create a completely new energy-saving type of a new generation contactless reducer. Consider them.
The fundamental properties and the condition for the force interaction of one or more magnetized bodies (for example, permanent magnets) between themselves is their desire to be attracted by opposite poles and their striving in this regard for the mutual immobility of their magnetic fields in space. The consequence of this phenomenon is a reduction in the speed of two polarity magnets, one of which is the lead, and the second - the slave. To prove this fact, it is enough to assemble the simplest magnetomechanical setup shown in Fig. 1 . When the elementary strip magnet 1 rotates, the angular velocity of rotation of the compound magnet 2,3 is half the speed of rotation of the magnet 1 , because only under this condition the magnetic fields of these mechanically unaffected magnets are mutually mobile in space. Simultaneously, this device is the simplest magnetic speed reducer.
DISK MAGNETIC GEARBOX DUDYSHEV
A more efficient disk magnetic reducer designed to contact a significant torque without contact from the drive shaft to the driven shaft is shown in Fig . It consists of two parallel disks 1,2 made of any non-magnetic material, working strong permanent magnets 3,4 , placed on these disks-with different poles facing each other. The ratio of the reduction of the speed of the driving and driven shafts 5,6 of such a non-contact gearbox is determined by the ratio of the number of magnets on these disks. Thanks to the minimum working clearances between the disk magnets, this design can be used in power contactless speed boxes on new generation vehicles and on many other devices. In addition, such a magnetic gearbox has an efficiency of almost one. It is already realistic to create compact non-contact magnetic gearboxes at power from hundreds of watts to 60 kW , since the force of mutual attraction of modern magnets from alloys of the samarium-cobalt type at a distance of a fraction of mm reaches thousands of newtons. With further improvement of magnetic materials and permanent magnets, Transfer up to 100-150 kW of mechanical power.
It is this range of gearbox capacities that is most typical for mechanical gearboxes of motor vehicles. Speed regulation in this magnetic reducer is possible in various ways, for example, by changing the number of permanent magnets on the disks by electromagnetic and centrifugal regulators, or by shielding some of the magnets and by other means of changing the magnetic attraction of the reducer discs. Due to the absence of rubbing parts in the magnetic reducer (MP), there is practically no loss of mechanical friction, and therefore there is no wear of the working parts of the reducer, its service life will be orders of magnitude higher than in modern mechanical gearboxes, they require virtually no maintenance, no oil , There is no noise and no vibrations. Calculation and design of such a magnetic reducer is reduced to selecting the dimensions of the reducer and disks, and the type and number of magnets providing, with the minimum possible gap between them, the transfer of the required torque from the drive to the driven shaft of the reducer. Depending on the technical specification, a method of varying (increasing-decreasing) the number of magnets on one of the MP discs is selected for speed reduction for a given power, torque and speed control law.
It is also possible to combine the functions of the magnetic bearing-reducer in one design. In this case, the combined magnetic reducer bearing is made with an independent shaft - and the reduction in the speed of rotation of the output shaft is carried out, for example, by analogy with a disk magnetic reducer.
print version
Author: Valery Dudyshev
PS The material is protected.
Date of publication 22.08.2004гг
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