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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2247860
Wind turbines Belashova
Name of the inventor:
The name of the patentee: Alexey Balashov
Address for correspondence: 109559, Moscow, Tikhoretsky Boulevard, 14, building 2, kv.63, A.N.Belashovu
Starting date of the patent: 2003.09.22
The invention relates to wind energy, in particular wind turbines, and is intended for use in wind power plants of various capacities. The technical result is to increase the performance of the wind turbine and a reduction of its production costs. The invention consists in the fact that the wind turbine comprises a cylindrical head that is moving through the support members and connected to the shaft. On the shaft of a wind turbine equipped with at least two wind wheels of various diameters with an even or odd number of rotary blades of different lengths, the modular generator housing revolutions synchronization mechanism of the wind wheel, the device orientation to the wind, cone nut, sealing device, protective cover and rotating device. Rotator wind turbine located in front of the cylinder head and is designed as a sleeve, which by means of sliding and support elements associated with the fixed support washer tower. Each wind wheel contains an even or odd number of blades of different lengths, which are combined in the working sectors where each sector is operating at least one blade. The minimum distance between the wind wheels with rotating blades should be at least half the diameter of the wind wheel with rotating blades, located behind the generator. Wind wheels with rotating blades must be positioned on the shaft in order of increasing diameter and have axially movable.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind energy, in particular wind turbines, and is intended for use in wind power plants of various capacities.
Known screw Belashova comprising a shaft with a hollow sleeve, the synchronization mechanism of optimal rotation disposed in the internal cavity bushing and rotary blades with axes defined by hinges, attached in the sleeve, and is kinematically connected through the synchronizing mechanism with the drive shaft, wherein each blade is provided with a fixed in the end part of the guide fins streamlined with an internal cavity, the axis of rotation fixed in the cavity, and a spring-loaded self-regulating flap streamlined. See RF Patent number 2046996, F 03 D 7/00 - analogue.
Known wind turbine comprising a fixed tower, head with an even or odd number of wind wheel of different diameter with rotary blades, arranged in order of increasing diameters and the rolling elements. See Copyright certificate USSR № 1078120, F 03 D 1/00 - prototype.
The purpose of the invention - an increase in the performance of wind turbines and to reduce their production costs. For this grant and convincingly prove the information supporting the possibility of the present invention, by deriving mathematical expressions in formulas and graphs:
- Determining the total distance path of the air flow of wind,
- Determining the kinematic viscosity of the air flow of the wind,
- Determining the maximum power of the jet air stream wind,
- Determining the maximum of the air flow of wind,
- Determining the maximum power of the air flow of wind,
- Determining the effective operation of the wind turbine,
- Determining the effective capacity of the wind turbine,
- Determination of the coefficient of the screw without a load,
- Determination of the coefficient of the screw under load.
- Determine the number of idle wind turbine
- The definition of the labor force jet wind turbine
- Determining the amount of wind turbine turns the generator running without a load,
- Determining the amount of wind turbine speed, working with the generator load.
This object is achieved in that the wind turbine comprising a stationary tower head with an even or odd number of wind wheels of different diameters with the rotating blades, arranged in order of increasing diameters and rolling elements, having at least two wind wheel with rotary blades, two sealing devices generator revolutions synchronization mechanism of the wind wheel and the device orientation to the wind, located on the same shaft and connected by a sliding and support elements with a cylindrical head that includes a tapered nut generator housing, the boot and pivoting device arranged in front of the cylindrical head, and formed as a sleeve, which by means of sliding and support elements associated with the support washer fixed tower, with each fantail comprises rotary blades of different lengths, combined into working sectors where each business sector has at least one rotary blade, the distance between the wind wheels with rotating blades is at least half the diameter of the wind wheel located behind the generator, the blades of which are provided with an aerodynamic projection having streamlined profile, thus, seal devices are arranged in the generator housing and within the cone nut cylindrical head synchronization mechanism speed wind wheel is designed as a binder and a tilt-and-return devices, and electrical wiring from the generator passes through the channel of the cylindrical inner cavity of the head and the passage of the sleeve in the stationary base of the tower.
1 shows a general view of the wind turbine.
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Figure 2 shows a multi-sector wind wheel with rotating blades.
Figure 3 shows a wind turbine with two rotary blades of the wind wheel 5 and two rotary blades of the wind wheel 9.
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4 shows a synchronization mechanism turns the wind wheel.
Figure 5 shows a graph of the maximum wind flow of the air jet which has a diameter of two meters.
6 is a table of maximum performance and capacity of the wind air stream at 20 ° C and atmospheric pressure.
7 graphs utilization of the screw, a wind turbine with a different number of rotary blades having different masses.
8 shows a comparative graph of the maximum power and efficient wind turbine that consists of one or two wind wheels.
Wind engine 1 comprises a shaft 1 which, via two rolling elements and the rolling elements 3 communicates with cylinder head 4. On the basis of one of the shaft 1 to transmit torque to rotary wind blade wheels 5 found keyed connection 6. Compound 7 is threaded for fixing the wind wheel 5 with cone nut 8. on the basis of another shaft 1 to transmit torque to rotary wind blade wheels 9 keyed connection 10 is established, and for transmitting torque to the generator set 11 keyed connection 12. The threaded connection 13 serves to hold rotary blades of the wind wheel 9 by means of a slotted nut 14. a threaded connection 15 serves to fix the orientation of the device into the wind, which is designed as a stiffening 16 and the hollow cone 17. By means of rolling elements 18, the generator 11 is mounted in a housing 19 which is rigidly attached to cylindrical sleeve 4. Using the fastening element 20 in the housing 19 is a flange 21. Thrust bearing 22 is disposed between the flange and the sleeve 23, which interacts with the rolling elements 3. On the outside of the housing 19 is installed a sealing compound 24. The inlet cylindrical head 4, with connection closed by a threaded cone nut 25. Inside the cone nut 25 set sealing compound 26. The rotary blades of the wind wheel 9 equipped with an aerodynamic protuberance 27, which has a streamlined profile 28. to improve the efficiency in the use of wind turbine wind wheel number of workers with the rotary blades 5 and sectors rotary blades of the wind wheel 9 must have an even or odd number of blades of different lengths, combined into working sectors where each business sector has at least one blade, wherein the minimum distance between the wind wheels with rotating blades should be at least half the diameter of the wind wheel with rotary blades, located behind the generator. On a cylindrical head 4 rigidly mounted sleeve 29 and the housing 30. The sleeve 29 by means of rolling elements 31 and rolling elements 32 interacts with a fixed tower 33. Inside the fixed tower 33 installed the support washer 34, which is through the rolling bearing elements 35 is connected to the hub 29. Electric wires from the generator 11 pass through the channel 36, the inner cavity of the cylindrical head 4, the passage 37 in the sleeve 29 fixed base tower 33. Multi-sectoral fantail, 2, with the rotary blades includes working sector 38, which has 8 rotary blades, working sector 39, which has four rotary blades, the working section 40 which has two rotary blades. And any wind wheel may comprise an even or odd number of workers in sectors with an even or odd number of rotary blades, but each business sector 41 must have at least one rotary blade 42. The wind turbine 3 includes a wind wheel 9, which has an even or odd number of blades, for example two blades 5 and wind wheel, which has an even or odd number of blades, for example two blades, must have different diameters. For the safe and stable operation of the wind turbine, wind wheel diameter of 9 must exceed the diameter of the wind wheel 5, poz.43, by 10-25%. The mechanism of the synchronization speed of the wind wheel is designed as a binder and a tilt-and-return device 4. Binding device comprises a bolt 44 which engages via a spring 45 to thrust washer 46 and a locking device 47. The rotational-return device 5 and the wind wheel wind wheel 9 comprises a joint 48 disposed on the bearing sleeve 49, which by means of a bolt 46 and a spring 44 reacts with a rotary blade.
Depending on the wind velocity, it is necessary to select a type wind wheel having an even or odd number of rotary blades and working sectors, and correctly identify the maximum effective capacity of the jet stream air wind, the utilization of the wind wheel with the load and no-load.
There is a need to adjust the mathematical formulas that are used in wind energy, aircraft engineering and hydrodynamics, on
- The definition of a complete range of air flow of wind way,
- Determining the kinematic viscosity of the air flow of the wind,
- Definition of the maximum force of the jet air stream wind,
- Determination of the maximum of the air flow of wind,
- Determination of the maximum capacity of the air flow of the wind,
- Determining the effectiveness of a wind turbine,
- Definition of an efficient wind turbine power
- Determination of the utilization factor of the screw without a load,
- Determination of the utilization factor of the screw under load,
- Determining the amount of idle wind turbine
- The definition of the labor force jet wind turbine
- Determining the amount of wind turbine turns the generator running without a load,
- Determining the amount of wind turbine speed, working with the generator load.
For clarity, we define the maximum operation of the air flow of the wind stream, having a diameter of 2 meters, which is moved by a distance of 8 meters
A max = F · L,
Where:
F - the force of the air flow of wind, H;
L - the distance traveled by the way, m;
A max - maximum operation of the air flow of wind, Nm.
Define the area of a circle working jet air stream,
Where:
D - diameter of the air jet flow = 2 m
Where:
P - 3.141592653 ...... (ratio of the circumference to its diameter);
S - area of a circle, m 2;
D - diameter of the circle, m.
From chemistry we know that 1 liter of air at 20 ° C, atmospheric pressure and humidity weighs 1,293 grams, or 0.001293 kg.
Define the amount of air, which has an area range of 3.1415926 m 2, and the height of the column of air one meter
V = S · h = 3,141592653 · 1 m 2 m 3 m = 3.141592653,
Where:
V - volume of the air cylinder 3 m;
S - area of a circle, m 2;
h - height of the air column, m.
Define one mass of air in m 3,
Where:
1 liter = 1 dm 3;
1 dm = 10 -3 m;
1 m 3 = 1000 = 1000 dm 3 liters;
G = 0,001293 kg · 1000 liter = 1,293 kg
Where:
G - air mass in kg;
V - air volume of 1 m 3 or 1000 liters.
We define the density of the air
.
Where:
G - air mass in kg;
V - volume of air m 3;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3.
Define how many liters of air contained in 3.14159265 m3
Where:
1 m 3 = 1000 liters;
M 3 = 3.141592653 liters;
We define the weight of the air in 3141.592653 liters,
Where:
1 liter = 0.001293 kg;
3141.592653 liters = X kg;
Translate the weight of air in Newtons,
Where:
H 1 = 9.80665 kg;
X H = 4.062079300329 kg;
Knowing the maximum force of the jet air stream wind and the length of the path of its movement, it is possible to determine the maximum operation of the air flow of the wind stream
A = F · L,
Where:
A - work, N · m;
F - force, N;
L - path m.
Visually define the maximum operation of the air flow of the wind stream, having a diameter of 2 meters and the height of the air column of 1 meter, which is discretely moved to a distance of 8 meters.
Maximum work of the air flow of wind, having a diameter of 2 meters and a height of 1 meter column, which moves at a distance of 8 meters = 1434.07403894056980 Nm.
In Figure 1, the set of natural numbers n, ... ... ..., which express the total distance of all the airflow path of the wind - L,
L = n + n + n ... = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 = 36 m,
L - total distance path of the air flow of wind, m.
n - the set of natural numbers, which express the distance of individual segments of the airflow path of the wind, and are included in the total distance of the segment path of the air flow of wind, m.
Define the maximum performance of the jet air stream wind diameter of 2 meters, which extends the full distance path - 36 meters (with a wind of 8 m / s speed)
A max = F · L = 39,83538997 N · m = 1,434.074039209798747 36 N · m,
Where:
L - path of movement of the air flow of wind, m;
F - the force of the air flow of the wind stream, N.
Belashova by the formula (1) can determine the total distance of all the wind path of the air flow, m
Where:
L - the full path of movement of the air flow of wind, m;
n - the set of natural numbers, which express the distance of individual segments of the airflow path of the wind, and are included in the total distance of the segment path of the air flow of wind, m.
By this method one can determine the maximum wind operation of the air jet stream having a diameter of 2 meters, which extends the full length of the airflow path of the wind - 210 m (at a wind speed of 20 m / s)
A max = F · L = 39,83538997 210 N · m = 8365.4318938 ... Nm
Where:
L - path of movement of the air flow of wind, m;
F - the force of the air flow of the wind stream, N.
Knowing the air jets force the air flow, the diameter of the air jet flow of air and air density at 20 ° C and atmospheric pressure, can be derived kinematic viscosity of the air flow - B.
It should be borne in mind that the air flow of wind comes in discrete pulses at regular intervals - 
t, having a discrete number of intervals - n and
Where:
F - the force of the air jet stream 39.83538997 = H;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
D - diameter of the jet air flow = 2 meters;
Ro - air density = 1.293 kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
n and - the number of discrete intervals = 8.
According to the formula Belashova (2) it is possible to determine the maximum power of the jet air stream wind
(2)
Where:
F m - maximum wind force of the air jet stream, H;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
n and - the number of discrete intervals = 8.
According to the formula Belashova (3) you can determine the maximum operation of the air jet stream, which runs the full length of the airflow path of the wind - 210 meters (with a wind speed of 20 m / s)
(3)
Where:
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
L - the distance the way the air flow of wind, m;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
n and - the number of discrete intervals = 8.
A max - the maximum working air flow jet Nm.
Formula Balashov (3) specifies the maximum operation of the air flow of the wind stream at all speeds, see table №1 6 and corresponds to the dimension of physical units.
Kinematic viscosity of the air flow of air per unit of time, at 20 ° C and normal atmospheric pressure, (4) and corresponds derived A.N.Belashovym sized units of physical quantities
(4)
B = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 ... ... ... m 2 / s.
According to the formula Belashova (5) can determine the effective operation of the wind turbine
(5)
Where:
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
L - distance path of the air flow of wind, m;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3;
n k - factor of the screw to the load;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
and n - number of discrete intervals = 8;
A eff - effective operation of the air flow stream, N · m.
We know from physics that the power is called the work done (or consumption) of one second,
Where:
A - View Operation, N · m;
P - power, W;
t - time to.
According to the formula Balashov (6) you can determine the maximum capacity of the air flow
(6)
Where:
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
L - distance path of the air flow of wind, m;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
t - time s;
and n - number of discrete intervals = 8;
P max - maximum capacity of the air flow stream, Vt.
According to the formula Belashova (7) can determine the effective capacity of the wind turbine
(7)
Where:
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
L - distance path of the air flow of wind, m;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
po - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
t - time s;
n k - factor of the screw to the load;
and n - number of discrete intervals = 8;
P eff - the effective power of the air flow stream, Vt.
According to the formula Belashova (8) can determine the ratio of the screw with a load
(8)
Where:
B - the kinematic viscosity of air per unit time 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 = 2 m / s;
L - distance path of the air flow of wind, m;
m - mass of the blades of the wind turbine, kg;
n k - factor of the screw to the load;
n a - the number of wind turbine bearings;
Lop S - the area of a wind turbine blade;
Lop n - natural number of blades of the wind turbine;
sin 
- The angle of rotation of the blade, deg .;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
and n - number of discrete intervals = 8;
M p.voz - vent loss of air, N · m;
P.pod M - friction loss of bearings, Nm.
A max - the maximum work of the jet air stream wind at a given speed Nm.
For example use is necessary to calculate the coefficient of the screw made of compressed wood coated with a film of carbon, which has the following characteristics:
blade length - 1 m;
blade width - 0.08 m;
D - diameter of the wind turbine - 2 m;
m - mass of 3 blades fixing and connecting the wind turbine unit - 5.0 kg;
V - linear velocity of the air flow of the wind - 8 m / s;
Of L - the full path of movement of the air flow of wind - 36 m;
t - a discrete period of time - 0.125 sec;
n and - the number of discrete intervals - 8;
po - air density - 1,293 kg / m 3;
A max - the maximum working air stream wind stream at a rate of 8 m / s - 1434 N · m;
Lop S - the area of a wind turbine blade - 0.08 m 2;
Lop n - the number of wind turbine blades - 3;
sin - The angle of rotation of the blade 15 ° - 0,258819;
M p.voz - vent loss of ambient air - 0.6 N · m;
P.pod M - the number of wind turbine bearings - 2 pcs .;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s.
According to the formula Belashova (8) determine the ratio of the screw with a load
7 graphs utilization of the wind turbine rotor with a different number of rotary blades having a different weight:
- Poz.50 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with a rotary blade having a mass of 1.2 kg;
- Poz.51 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with two rotating blades having a mass of 2.5 kg;
- Poz.52 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with three rotating blades having a mass of 5 kg;
- Poz.53 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with four rotary blades, having a mass of 6.2 kg;
- Item 54 shows a graph of the utilization rate of the wind turbine rotor with six rotary blades having a mass of 8.6 kg;
- Poz.55 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with eight rotary blades having a mass of 11 kg;
- Poz.56 graph utilization of wind turbine rotor with three rotating blades that communicate with the generator load.
frictional moment in roller bearings used in wind turbine towers as possible to the axis, defined by the formula:
M p.pod. = 0,5 · G · f · d,
Where:
G - the weight of the wind turbine, kg;
f - contained coefficient of friction in rolling bearings;
d - diameter of the shaft bearing, m.
Ventilation losses of energy in the air can be determined according to the formula:
Where:
n - Screw speed, rev / min;
p - pressure environment in a fraction of the atmosphere;
L - screw width, m;
D - rotor diameter, m;
M p.voz - vent loss of air, N · m.
According to the formula Belashova (5) determine the effective operation of the wind turbine, which runs the full length of the airflow path of the wind - 36 meters (with a wind speed of 8 m / s)
According to the formula Belashova (7) to determine the effective capacity of the wind turbine, which runs the full length of the airflow path of the wind - 36 meters (with a wind speed of 8 m / s)
Belashova by the formula (9) can determine the effective force of the air flow of the wind stream depending on the ratio of the screw to the load
(9)
Where:
F eff - the effective force of the air flow of the wind stream, H;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
n k - factor of the screw to the load;
po - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
n and - the number of discrete intervals = 8.
Work by the formula to determine the number of revolutions of the wind turbine, which generator is under load (airflow at a wind speed of 8 m / s)
A = F · L = F eff · P · D · n,
Where:
L = P · D · n,
Where:
F eff - the effective force of the air flow of the wind stream, H;
A eff - effective operation of the air flow stream, N · m;
L - the way the blades of the wind wheel, m;
P - 3.141592653 (the ratio of the circumference to its diameter);
D - diameter of the wind wheel, m;
n - number of revolutions of the screw under load.
According to the formula Belashova (10) can determine the ratio of the screw without load
(10)
A eff - effective operation of the air flow stream, N · m;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
L - distance path of the air flow of wind, m;
Lop S - the area of a wind turbine blade, m 2;
sin - The angle of rotation of the blade, deg .;
kx - utilization of the screw without a load;
m - mass of the blades of the wind turbine, kg;
t - a discrete period of time - 0.125 sec;
n and - the number of discrete intervals - 8;
M p.voz - vent loss of air, N · m;
P.pod M - friction loss of bearings, Nm;
n a - the number of wind turbine bearings;
According to the formula Belashova (11) can determine the idle power of the jet air stream wind, which freely rotates the blades of the wind turbine
(eleven)
Where:
F cold - wind single air force jet stream, H;
B - the kinematic viscosity of air flow per unit time = 7.70212489908158646549242043365948 m 2 / s;
D - diameter of the air jet flow, m;
kx - utilization of the screw without a load;
Ro - air density, kg / m 3;
t - a discrete time interval = 0.125 s;
n and - the number of discrete intervals = 8.
According to the formula works, you can determine the number of idle propeller wind turbine generator that is not loaded, where the wind turbine blades are in free rotation (with a wind speed of 8 m / s)
A = F · L = F cold · P · D · n,
Where:
L = P · D · n,
Where:
F cold - wind single air force jet stream, H;
A eff - effective operation of the air flow stream, N · m;
L - the path of the blade wind turbine, m;
P - 3.141592653 (the ratio of the circumference to its diameter);
D - diameter of the wind wheel, m;
n - number of revolutions / min screw speed.
If the wind turbine generator is not loaded, then the blades of a wind turbine there is a very large centripetal force, which can be calculated using the formula:
Where:
F u - the centripetal force, N;
m - mass of the blades, and the coupling device kg;
V - linear velocity of airflow measured in m / s;
R - radius of the wind turbine, m.
It should be borne in mind that the value of A eff includes not only efficient operation of the wind turbine, and generator efficiency. The effective operation of the generator enters efficiency Percentage generator and other electrical components loss wind turbine
Where:
P 1 - generator power, W;
P 2 - a useful power generator, W;
U - voltage at the terminals of the generator, V;
I - current in the load A;
P v - power losses in the steel by hysteresis and eddy currents;
Of P - power losses in the windings on the heating conductors;
P mech - mechanical friction losses in the bearings;
n - efficiency generator
and beyond:
- The loss of air anchor,
- The energy losses of the generator with the customer connection lines,
- Energy losses due to the reactance of the armature.
For wind turbine Belashova advisable to use modular generators Belashova, stators are made of a diamagnetic material, which
- Can have a sinusoidal waveform AC voltage and the rectangular pulse signal or alternating current and voltage;
- Have a good cooling;
- Have a large area of the excitation system;
- Have reliable insulation resistance;
- Have no hysteresis loss;
- Have no eddy current losses.
- Have no loss reactance of the armature.
- The user can independently define and complete any of the individual modules of the generator, at a given number of turns.
In this case it is necessary for the generator, no multiplier at 340 rev / min emf power could develop at least 420 watts.
8 shows a comparative graph of the maximum power of the wind flow, having a diameter of 2 meters, poz.57 that is composed according to Table №1, 6. Poz.58 designated schedule effective power wind turbine without a load, which is made up according to schedule 52, 7, taking into account the utilization of the screw having three rotary blades and a mass of 5 kg. Poz.59 designated schedule effective power wind turbine, which is loaded with a generator, taking into account the utilization of the screw shown in chart 56. Poz.60 designated schedule Belashova wind turbine, which has two wind wheels, each of which consists of three rotary blades.
The graphs utilization of wind turbine rotor having a different number of vanes, 7, it is clear that wind wheel having three rotary blades, which are widely used in wind power, are most effective. When the linear air speed higher than 5 m / s, the wind turbine Belashova expedient to complete wind of wheels, each of which is equipped with two rotary blades 3.
When the linear velocity of airflow is less than 5 m / s or larger diameters of the wind wheel, wind turbines Belashova expedient manned multisector wind wheel 9 with a large number of rotary blades and working sectors, Figure 2, which operates as follows. At low flows the wind velocity is above a single m / s, the wind pressure due to all the rotary blades fantail 9 starts to rotate. With increasing wind pressure on the rotary blades of the working sector 38 increases the angular velocity of the wind wheel. Rotary vane of the sector, with a further increase of the wind wheel rotation speed, gradually cover the air flow of the working sector 38, which begins to make maximum use of air flow in the work of the wind speed and this acceleration of the wind wheel. Air losses, i.e. unused air flow 38 of the working sector is gradually redistributed to the working sector 39, which begins to make maximum use of air flow and air their sector workers losing air sector 38. With increasing pressure on the rotary blades of the working sector 39, increasing the angular velocity of the wind wheel, which gradually closes the air the flow of the working sector 39, which begins to make maximum use of the work of the wind flow in a given wind speed and this acceleration of the wind wheel. Air losses, i.e. unused air flow of the working sector 39 starts to be redistributed to the working sector 40, which begins to maximize the air flow of its sector and air loss of working sector 40, increasing the angular velocity of the wind wheel, which gradually closes the air flow of the working sector 40, which begins to make maximum use of air flow work at a given wind speed and this wind wheel acceleration. Air losses, i.e. unused air flow of the working sector 40 starts to be redistributed to the working sector 41, which should have at least one rotary blade 42. In order to reduce the air flow of wind loss, external base of rotary blades are provided with an aerodynamic protuberance 27, which has a streamlined profile 28. In the design of the wind turbine must be bear in mind that the wind wheel with a smaller number of rotary blades will rotate faster due to the fact that he manages to capture the airflow more space. At high wind gusts or other extreme situations, starts speed synchronization mechanism of the wind wheel, which by means of a binder and a tilt-and-return device prevents the destruction of the rotary blades of the wind wheel due to its deflection, and at the same time the device slows down the rotation of the rotary blades of the wind wheel at the expense of that distributes the air flow force that acts on the angular velocity of rotation of the rotor of the wind turbine Belashova.
The invention can improve the performance of wind turbines and reduce their production costs when used in a wind turbine at least two wind wheels with an even or odd number of rotary blades, which work in the same air flow, but also to review the existing mathematical formulas used today in wind energy, hydrodynamics and aircraft.
REFERENCE MATERIALS
The book "Units of physical quantities and their units," the author LA Sen, "Nauka", Home edition of Physical and Mathematical Literature, Moscow, 1988.
The book "Wind turbines and their use in agriculture," author EM Fateev, publishing "MashGis", 1957.
The book "flywheel engines," author M.V.Gulia, publishing "Engineering", Moscow, 1976.
The book "General Chemistry" by N.L.Glinka, publishing "Chemistry", the city of Leningrad, 1988.
The book "Physics, reference materials," the author O.F.Kabardin, publishing house "Education", Moscow, 1988.
Patent of Russian Federation "Universal electric machine Belashova", number 2118036, H 02 K 23/54, 27/24, 27/00 for 1998.
The book "the basics of Electrical Industrial Electronics", author and V.E.Kitaev L.S.Shlyapintoh, publishing "High School", Moscow, 1973.
CLAIM
A wind turbine comprising a stationary tower head with an even or odd number of wind wheels of different diameters with the rotating blades, arranged in order of increasing diameter, and the rolling elements, characterized in that it comprises at least two wind wheel with rotary blades, two devices seal generator revolutions synchronization mechanism of the wind wheel and the device orientation to the wind, located on the same shaft and connected by a sliding and support elements with a cylindrical head that includes a tapered nut generator housing, the boot and pivoting device arranged in front of the cylindrical head and formed as a sleeve, which by means of sliding and support elements associated with the support washer fixed tower, each wind wheel comprises rotary blades of different lengths, combined into working sectors where each business sector has at least one rotary blade, the distance between the wind wheels with rotating blades is at least half the diameter of the wind wheel located behind the generator, the blades of which are provided with an aerodynamic projection having streamlined profile, wherein the device seal disposed in the housing of the generator and the inside of the cone nut cylindrical head synchronization mechanism turns the wind wheel is configured as a binder, and a swing-return devices and the electric wiring from the generator passes through the channel of the cylindrical inner cavity of the head and the passage in the sleeve fixed base of the tower, and the wind orientation device is designed as a hollow cone and stiffness.
print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg
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