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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2220320
VORTEX LEAVE SHEPTALIN
The name of the inventor: Sheptalin Alexander Valentinovich
The name of the patent holder: Sheptalin Alexander Valentinovich
Address for correspondence: 454071, Chelyabinsk, ul. Shumenskaya, 10, ap. 83, to AV Sheptalin
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.08.29
The invention relates to wind energy and can be used in designs of rotor screws of wind motors. The technical result, which consists in increasing the intensity of the effect of redistribution of the total energy of the wind flow by providing the conditions for the formation of rotating vortex flows in the inner cavity of the blade, is provided by the fact that in the blade, in the form of a guiding feathering, according to the invention, the feathering is made with the prevailing unilateral extension from End portion and comprises a base vortex-forming cavity and at least one located in the inner part of the blade, orienting the vortex-forming cavity, wherein the outer surfaces of the guiding feathering and the base vortex-forming cavity are smoothly mating parts of a common cone-shaped surface.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind energy and can be used in designs of rotor screws of wind motors.
Known Yuvenala windwheel, containing two curved and inclined to the horizontal axis of rotation of the blade, curved in a conical spiral, having rounded edges and connected together to form a two-pass S-shaped screw (1).
The disadvantage of the known technical solution is that the efficiency of the wind wheel caused by the jet streams flowing from the wind wheel in the directions opposite to the rotation depends only on the high-speed pressure of the wind flow, since the blades of the Juvenal wind wheel do not contain the elements of the self-regulating rotation system. The presence of this disadvantage limits the use of available power in a small wind and increases the requirements for the strength of the wind wheel design with large gusts of wind.
The closest technical solution chosen as a prototype is the Belashov screw (2), which contains a drive shaft with a hollow bushing and a synchronization mechanism for optimal rotation in the bushing. Each blade of the propeller is provided with a streamlined guide fin with an internal cavity, an axis of rotation fixed in the blade, and a spring-loaded streamlined flap mounted on the axis of rotation. The synchronization mechanism is provided with spring-loaded clutch on both sides, which connect the axes of the blades to the drive shaft.
The drawback of the known Belashov screw is that if it is used as a screw of a wind motor, the efficiency due to the action of the repulsive force, which will be applied from the outer base of the self-adjusting flap and directed in the opposite direction of the screw torque, depends only on the high-speed pressure of the wind flow, Since Belashov's blades do not contain elements of a self-regulating rotation system from the action of a repulsive force. The presence of this disadvantage limits the use of available power in a small wind.
The purpose of the proposed technical solution is to increase the energy utilization factor of weak wind currents and to limit the blade rotation frequency in strong wind currents by intensifying the effect of redistribution of the total energy of the wind flow by providing the conditions for the formation of vortex flows in the internal cavity of the blade.
The aim is achieved by the fact that the blade comprises a streamlined guide fin with a prevailing one-sided extension from the end part to the axis of rotation of the blade, a basic vortex-forming cavity and at least one located in the inner part of the blade that guides the vortex-forming cavity, with the outer surfaces of the streamlined guide fin And the base vortex-forming cavity are smoothly mating parts of a common cone-shaped surface.
Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the claimed blade is characterized in that the streamlined guide fin is made with a prevailing one-sided extension from the end part to the axis of rotation of the blade and comprises a basic vortex-forming cavity and at least one located in the inner part of the blade that guides the vortex-forming cavity, The outer surfaces of the streamlined guide fin and the base vortex forming cavity are smoothly mating parts of a common cone-shaped surface.
Thus, the claimed technical solution corresponds to the criterion of the invention "novelty".
Comparison of the claimed solution not only with the prototype, but also with other technical solutions in this field of technology allowed to identify the features that differentiate the claimed solution from the prototype, which allows to conclude that the criterion "essential differences" is consistent.
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The invention is illustrated by the drawings, in which FIG. 1 depicts one of the possible variants of the blade design; FIG. 2 shows a section AA in FIG. 1. FIG.
The blades (Figure 1) comprise a streamlined guide fin 1 having the internal surfaces of the inlet of the flow 2 and the flow of the flow 3, and the outer surfaces of the inlet of the flow 4 and the descent of the stream 5; A basic vortex-forming cone-shaped cavity 6; Orienting the vortex-forming cavity 7.
THE PLASTER WORKS AS FOLLOWS:
When the air wind flow is on the blade, the flow around the air particles both internal and external surfaces takes place. In this case, the blade, which has cross-sectional cross sections that are asymmetrical along the vertical axis, with angles of attack depending on the angle of installation of the blade, exerts a disturbing effect (1, p. 73) on the wind flow incident on it, thus causing the pressure difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the streamlined guide Plumage 1, and, accordingly, the appearance of aerodynamic forces (1, p. 75), which cause the rotation of the blade.
Taking into account the foregoing, let us consider the processes of disturbing action in the flow around the inner and outer surfaces of the blade by the air wind flow.
The air flow of the wind flow of the inner surface of the blade begins with the surface of the inlet of the stream 2. Air particles that hit the surface of the inlet of stream 2 are reflected from it and further, along the surface of the descent of stream 3, flow out beyond the limits of the blade. From the effect of air particles on the surface of the inlet of stream 2, repulsive forces arise that drive the blade around the axis of rotation in a direction opposite to the flow of air particles from the surface of the descending flow 3. In this case, the movement of air particles along the inlet and outlet surfaces of stream 2 occurs along the Curvilinear trajectory due to the shape of the streamlined guiding plumage 1. This, in turn, causes the occurrence in the flow of moving air particles - centrifugal (mass) forces that transform into surface (static pressure), which create additional forces that affect the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1, thus contributing to the rotation of the blade with the formation of air jet jets beyond the boundary of the surface of the descending flow 3, which ultimately increases the efficiency of the blade with weak wind currents. The started rotational motion of the blade results in a partial displacement of the air particles along the inlet surface of the flow 2 to the base vortex forming cavity 6 that is interfaced with the tangential component. The flow of the displaced air particles that reached the base vortex-forming cavity 6 affects the air-mass particles filling its volume and forms With them a total rotating vortex flow. In the total rotational vortex flow, centrifugal forces arise that are transformed into surface forces, which in turn create an increased pressure due to the redistribution of the total energy in the flow (3, p. 447), in the upper region of the basic vortex-forming cavity 6. In weak wind currents The eddy flow leaving the axial component of the velocity beyond the base vortex-forming cavity 6 exerts an initial effect in the region of its interface with the inner surface of the streamlined guiding feather 1. As a result, additional forces are created in the coupling zone acting on the entrance surface of the flow 2, Blade, with the formation of flowing over the boundary of the entrance of the stream of 2 output air jet streams, which contributes to the efficiency of the blade. At the same time, the air jets of the main stream can be neglected by the weakening counter-effect of the air particles of the vortex flow on the flow surface of the outlet of the stream 3; The surface area of the outlet of the flow 3 in the junction zone is much smaller than the surface area of the inlet of the stream 2. As the velocity of the wind flow increases, the vortex flow in the form of a vortex cord (3, p.12) extends beyond the region of the junction zone of the base vortex-forming cavity 6 with the inner surface Streamlined guiding plumage 1, exerting a disturbing effect on the air particles of the main wind stream that curve around it, not falling on the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1, which results in the restriction along the vertical axis of the blade of the working part of the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1 and, accordingly, Speed of rotation of the blade. With a further increase in the speed of the wind flow, and correspondingly, the speed of rotation of the blade, the trajectory of the vertical motion of the vortex cord under the action of the counterflow of air in the plane of the axis of rotation of the blade bends, becomes curvilinear. The growing vortex cord deviates and leaves in the plane of rotation of the blade from the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1, thereby limiting the extent of its disturbing effect on the wind flow in the remaining working part of the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1 where the vortex cord of the orienting vortex-forming cavity 7 acts similarly to the above- Installed in the transition zone of the vortex cord trajectory of the basic vortex-forming cavity 6 with a straight line to a curvilinear trajectory and exerting a disturbing effect on the remaining working part of the inner surface of the streamlined guiding plumage 1, which results in the maximum decrease in blade rotation speed growth with a further increase in the wind speed.
The air flow of the wind flow of the outer surface of the blade occurs along a curvilinear trajectory caused by the shape of the streamlined guiding plumage 1 and starts from the entrance surface of the stream 4. At the same time, at the initial portion of the entrance surface of the stream 4, the flow of moving air particles Accelerates and a pressure drop occurs, reaching a minimum value in the zone of interface of the inlet of the flow 4 with the surface of the descending flow 5, which facilitates the rotation of the blade. Further, at the initial (diffuser-3, p. 187) section on the surface of the descending flow 5, the boundary layer of the flow of moving air particles is separated, accompanied by an increase in pressure on the surface of the descending flow 5, which facilitates the rotation of the blade.
INFORMATION SOURCES
1. Ac. USSR 1834416, cl. F 03 D 1/06, publ. November 20, 1995
2. The patent of the Russian Federation 2046996, cl. 6 F 03 D 7/00, publ. October 27, 1995 (the prototype).
3. M.E. Deich. Technical gas dynamics. M., "Energy", 1974.
4. Comments on Russian Patent Law (reference book of patent experts and inventors), SP-2, Rospatent - VNIIGPE, M., 1994.
CLAIM
1. A blading comprising a streamlined guide fin, characterized in that the streamlined guide fin is formed with a prevailing one-sided extension from the end portion to the axis of rotation of the blade and comprises a base vortex forming cavity, wherein the outer surfaces of the streamlined guide fin and the base vortex cavity are smoothly mating parts of a common Cone-shaped surface.
2. A blade according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one located in the inner part of the blade, orienting the vortex-forming cavity.
print version
Date of publication 02.02.2007gg
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