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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2285147
VERTICAL WIND POWER PLANT WITH AIR FLOW CONCENTRATOR
The name of the inventor: Seleznev Nikolai Vasilievich
The name of the patent holder: Seleznev Nikolai Vasilievich
Address for correspondence: 123317, Moscow, 1-st Krasnogvardeiskiy pr-d, 20, ap. 43, N.V. Seleznev
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.04.25
The invention relates to wind energy and can be used for the construction of wind power plants. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of wind power plants. The wind power plant contains an electric generator connected by a vertical shaft with a horizontal wind wheel located in a vertical pipe and an airflow concentrator. In this case, the airflow concentrator is made in the form of two truncated polyhedral pyramids arranged vertically opposite each other. The pyramids along their edges are interconnected by trapezoidal walls forming radially arranged channels, tapering from the periphery to the center. Between the walls there are two-leaf doors and contacting spring clips
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind energy and can be used for the construction of wind power plants.
Wind power stations with vertical wind turbines located on high masts are widely known ("Current state and prospects of wind energy development", Moscow, 2000).
Such power plants with large material and financial costs are ineffective due to the fact that in them wind power is used only within the dimensions of the wind wheel.
A wind power plant is known, containing two or more wind turbines located in a pipe and connected separately to two vertical shafts, one of which is connected to an electric generator and the other to an inertial accumulator. The pipe is combined with an airflow concentrator, made in the form of a tent and a concave cone located below it, between which are installed partitions and flaps with cables attached to them. In addition, devices for burning gas or receiving heat from incineration of garbage (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2062353, 1996 - Prototype) are mounted under the tent.
This wind power plant has the following drawbacks.
The tent, tilted down by its edges, does not grasp the wind acting on it, which uselessly presses on its outer surface. The incoming air flow to the tent on the windward side only partially falls to the wind wheel, since a large part of it, circling the cone edges, penetrates into the channels between the partitions located on the opposite side and leaves uselessly outside. All this reduces the efficiency of the power plant. In addition, the kinematic system consisting of two or more windwheels, two vertical shafts and an inertial battery (multi-ton flywheel), is busy and difficult to manufacture.
The control of the damper manually by means of winches or by means of special automation to regulate the air supply to the wind wheel, depending on the speed and direction of the wind, is very difficult, especially in the case of a hurricane wind which, suddenly, can disrupt the flaps and damage the wind wheel.
The use of heat obtained from the combustion of gas or debris, with a low rate of its arrival to the wind wheel, does not have a significant effect, but only pollutes the environment with combustion products.
The technical result of increasing the efficiency of the wind power plant is ensured by the fact that in a wind power plant comprising an electric generator connected by a vertical shaft to a horizontal wind wheel located inside a pipe coupled to an airflow concentrator, the airflow concentrator is designed in the form of two truncated polyhedral Pyramids, arranged vertically against each other and connected along their edges by trapezoidal walls, between which are installed two-leaf doors with the possibility of turning them in different directions and contacting them with spring stops.
The wind power plant is schematically shown in FIG. 1 a top view and FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1
The wind power plant contains an airflow concentrator consisting of the lower and upper pyramids 1 and 2, coaxially arranged at their vertices against each other. Pyramids 1 and 2 along their edges are interconnected by trapezoidal walls 3, as a result of which channels are formed between them, narrowing from the periphery to the center. The edges of the lower pyramid 1 are united by a plate 4, in the center of which there is an electric generator 5 connected by a vertical shaft 6 with a horizontal wind wheel 7 located in the pipe 8. The lower part of the pipe 8 is expanded and interfaced with the upper pyramid 2. Half of the pyramid 2 and the widened part of the pipe 8 for The visibility of the parts below them are not shown in FIG.
The electric generator 5 is surrounded by a cab 9 with a tightly closing entrance to it. The upper tapered part of the cab 9 is connected to the bearing 10 of the vertical shaft 6.
Between the walls 3, on their sides facing the generator 5, two-leaf doors 11 are installed with the possibility of turning them in different directions. At the outer sides of the doors 11, spring stops are arranged, consisting of springs 12 and associated contact strips 13. The free ends of the springs 12 are fixed to the walls 3 fixedly, and the contact strips 13 are rotatable in a horizontal plane.
At the edges of the lower widened part of the pipe 8, holes 14 are provided for draining water through them, formed from rain and melting snow. The lower pyramid 1 and the plate 4 combined with it are fixed on the building 15, in which there are rooms for electroaccumulators, measuring devices, spare parts and other necessary premises.
To access the attendants to the doors 11 and to the cab 9 to the generator 5 in the plate 4, a hatch 16 and a ladder 17 are provided.
The wind power plant works as follows. When a wind of any direction, for example, as shown by the arrows in FIGS. 1 and 2, the air flow enters the concentrator channel facing the wind, and, because of its narrowing, contracts and increases its speed. Then the air flow passes through the door 11 open, closes the other doors 11 with their pressure, pressing them against the spring stops, and rushes to the wind wheel 7, giving it a rotational motion, which is transmitted to the generator 5 through the shaft 6.
When the direction of the wind changes, the air flow enters other one or two adjacent channels and, accelerating its movement, is directed to the wind wheel. In the case of hurricane wind, the air flow, passing the channel directed against it, opens the doors of other channels by its pressure, turning the contact strips 13 and compressing the springs 12, which are designed to start their compression at the maximum wind speed safe for the wind wheel. 7. The force acting on the door At this wind speed, is determined by aerodynamic calculation.
Through the open doors 11, part of the airflow is forced outward, weakening its force in the direction of the wind wheel 7. The greater the speed of the hurricane, the wider the doors 11 open, compressing the springs 12, and accordingly, most of it opens outwards. At the same time, the wind wheel 7 does not experience excessive stresses, which excludes its damage. After stopping the hurricane wind of the door 11, the forces of the springs 12 return to the initial (closed) position, and the air flow acts on the wind wheel 7 with an allowable force.
The surplus energy generated by the generator 5 during the reduction of its consumption is transferred to recharge the batteries, which are used to supply energy to consumers during periods of calm.
For inspection and preventive maintenance of the power plant, all doors 11 are closed to the latch or latches provided for them, similar to those used on the house doors.
Compared with the prototype, this power plant is much more efficient, since in it the airflow passing the concentrator falls completely on the wind wheel, and the upwardly angled edges of the pyramid 2 capture this flow more than the downwardly tilted tent of the prototype.
The power of this power plant is much higher than the power of a conventional power plant that does not have an airflow concentrator, with the same dimensions of the wind wheel. This is explained by the fact that in a conventional power plant the wind energy is used only from a vertical area equal to the area of the wind wheel, and in this power plant the wind energy is used from the vertical area of the outer part of the concentrator channel, which is several times larger than the area of the wind wheel.
So, for example, if the ratio of the vertical area of the channel to the area of the wind wheel is 10, and taking into account the losses to overcome the air flow of friction forces by 30%, the windwheel will receive about 7 times more energy than when it is open. The capacity of the power plant will increase by the same amount. Depending on the size of the wind wheel and the airflow concentrator, this wind power plant can reach a power of 5-10 thousand kilowatts.
CLAIM
A wind power plant comprising an electric generator connected by a vertical shaft to a horizontal wind wheel located inside a tube associated with an airflow concentrator, characterized in that the airflow concentrator is made in the form of two truncated polyhedral pyramids arranged vertically opposite each other and connected along their ribs by trapezoidal Walls, between which are installed two-leaf doors with the possibility of turning them in different directions and contacting them with spring stops.
print version
Date of publication 11.01.2007gg
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