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WIND POWER PLANTS. Wind turbines
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2095619

WIND POWER SUPPLY UNIT FOR EXHAUST-EXHAUST ACTION

WIND POWER SUPPLY UNIT FOR EXHAUST-EXHAUST ACTION

The name of the inventor: Filippov Alexander Evgenievich
The name of the patent owner: Filippov Alexander Evgenievich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1995.11.21

The invention relates to the field of wind energy and can be used as an installation producing electricity using wind power. The wind power generator of the pressure-extracting action consists of a wind wheel, a shaft and a generator, the wind wheel being located in the nozzle enclosed in the sound-absorbing chamber of the exhaust pipe body, on which the nozzle is mounted on top and there are adjusting-safety valves, and in the lower part there is a pressure chamber, Behind which there are wind vents with guide vanes, with external and internal curtains.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of wind power and can be used as a power generating unit using wind energy.

Well-known wind power plants (hereinafter referred to as wind turbines), both current and existing in projects, are based on one common principle: a wind receiving device, most often a wind wheel, catches wind and transmits torque through a shaft and transmission mechanism to a generator generating electricity.

Since the energy density of the wind flow is very small, the designers, wanting to get more power, provide huge sizes of wind wheels. For example, a wind power project with a capacity of 50,000 kW has a rotating part of a truly cyclic size [1] A 0.6-5 MW prototype wind turbine project has a diameter of 30 to 70 m [2]

It is quite obvious that wind turbines with wind wheels of this size will not be able to fully utilize the power of the air flow, At a high speed of rotation, inertia forces increase, and against sharp gusts of the wind they are defenseless and unsafe for others. Great difficulties arise when orienting large windmills in the direction of the wind. The environmental damage of large windmills has also been noted: when the blades rotate in the air flow, high frequency air vibrations (ultrasound) occur, leading to mass death of insects in the vicinity of the wind farm.

The proposed design of the exhaust-pressure wind turbine consists of a wind wheel, a shaft and a generator, the wind wheel being located in the nozzle enclosed in the sound-absorbing chamber of the exhaust pipe body, on which the nozzle is mounted on top and there are safety-relief valves, and in the lower part of the exhaust pipe Pressure chamber, behind which there are wind vents with guide vanes and with external and internal curtains.

The figure shows a section along the axis of the structure with a local view.

WIND POWER SUPPLY UNIT FOR EXHAUST-EXHAUST ACTION

This figure shows the internal structure of the wind turbine and the arrows show the direction of the wind and the flow pattern of the air-exhaust air flow that arises in the exhaust pipe.

The main wind-driven power plant of the pressure-extracting action is the exhaust pipe 1, the inner surface of which is made of a material with a minimum roughness in order to reduce the frictional losses along the length of the tube when the airflow moves. The inner surface of the exhaust pipe 1 has a variable cross-section with smooth transitions and roundings to reduce local resistance and eliminate swirls in the air flow. The narrowest section of the nozzle 2 is the wind wheel 3 on the shaft 4 connecting it to the generator 5. The cavity resulting from the formation of the nozzle 2, enclosed between the outer and inner surfaces of the exhaust pipe 1, is a sound absorbing chamber 6, the inner surface of which is covered with sound absorbing material , Since at high velocities of the air flow in the nozzle 2 acoustic phenomena arise.

The upper part of the exhaust pipe 1 ends with a nozzle 7 there are also control and safety valves 8, which control the work of the nozzle 7.

In the lower part of the exhaust pipe 1 behind the nozzle 2 are the wind receivers 9, whose working body is the guide vanes 10 guiding the wind flow into the pressure chamber 11. The movable curtains 12, external and internal, independently of each other, move along the outer and inner surface of the wind receiver 9.

The work of the nozzle 7 is based on the use of the energy of the airflow - wind, which, striking the surface of the nozzle and flowing around it, creates a vacuum around most of its perimeter, which in turn creates a vacuum in the level of air outflow from the exhaust pipe 1. As a result, Exhaust pipe 1 sets the exhaust air flow directed upwards, and the air into it enters through the nozzle 2.

The volume-mass of the extracted air is determined by the productivity of the nozzle, 7 which in turn depends on its shape and the magnitude of the vacuum created by it for a given wind speed.

The work of the nozzle 7 is regulated by the safety relief valves 8 which open at high wind speeds, which makes it possible to flow through them into the exhaust pipe 1 to the outside air, so that the airflow velocity in the nozzle 2 decreases.

The wind receptacles 9 in the lower part of the exhaust pipe 1 use the contrary positive wind pressure: the guide vanes 10 direct the incoming wind to the pressure chamber 11 where the dynamic wind pressure is converted to the static air pressure, whereupon the pressure chamber 11 creates a pressure and, accordingly, Air, directed into the nozzle 2.

The movable shutters 12, moving along the outer and inner surfaces of the wind receivers 9, overlap the leeward direction and, if necessary, the windward one, thereby regulating the airflow velocity in the nozzle 2, and the outer protect the wind receivers 9 from snowdrift in winter.

Thus, these two independent air streams, summing up, create a suction-exhaust air flow in the exhaust pipe 1, which moves a certain amount of air through the exhaust pipe 1.

The volume of the mass of transported air depends on the following factors: the diameter of the exhaust pipe 1, the magnitude of the emerging head pressure in the pressure chamber 11 and the pressure of the rarefaction in the nozzle 7, which in turn depend on the wind speed, the degree of restriction of the pressure-exhaust air flow by nozzle 2, And the ratio of the diameters of the nozzle 2 and the wind wheel 3.

The volume of air mass transported per unit time at any place of the exhaust pipe 1, the value is constant and is determined by the product of the sectional area of ​​the exhaust pipe 1 at a given location by the speed of the pressure-exhaust air flow at a given location. Consequently, in the nozzle 2 of the narrowest section of the section, the velocity of the pressure-and-exhaust air flow will be maximum, its value will correspond to the volume of air transported per unit time through the exhaust pipe 1. Accordingly, the kinetic energy of the pressure-exhaust airflow in nozzle 2 will reach its Maximum, which determines the most advantageous location of the wind wheel 3, which uses the kinetic energy of the pressure-exhaust air flow for its rotation. The torque from the wind wheel 3 through the shaft 4 and the transmission mechanism is transmitted to the generator 5 generating electricity.

Advantages of the proposed design of the exhaust-pressure wind turbines are as follows:

  • Combined the ability to use the energy of the wind flow from a large area and at the same time significantly reduce the size of the wind wheel;
  • Independence of the operation of the windmill from the direction of the wind;
  • The ability to use wind energy from high altitudes, where winds are stronger and more stable;
  • The wind wheel and the generator are located inside the windmill case, which is convenient for their maintenance and repair;
  • There is a constructive possibility of creating a simple and effective system of control and safety valves and movable blinds, cleaning the wind wheel from extremely high wind speeds;
  • Since the wind wheel is inside the windmill case, the direction of the air flow in it is constant and its speed is regulated, it becomes easier to localize the arising acoustic phenomena that is important from an ecological point of view.

According to the author's assessment, the high-pressure wind power plant with a height of 200-250 m, a diameter of the exhaust pipe of 1 -30 m, with a wind speed of 10 m / s will give power at the terminals of the generator 2500 3000 kW. The diameter of the wind wheel 3 in this case is 5 m, the nozzle diameter is 2 6 m, the velocity of the pressure-exhaust air flow in the nozzle is 2 of the order of 100 m.

In order for the wind-driven prototype to produce the same power, it will require a wind wheel with a diameter of 140-160 m.

CLAIM

A wind power generating unit consisting of a wind-wheel, a shaft and a generator, characterized in that the wind wheel is located in the nozzle enclosed in the sound-absorbing chamber of the exhaust pipe body, on which the nozzle is mounted and there are adjusting-safety valves, and in the lower part There is a pressure chamber behind which there are wind vents with guide vanes, with external and internal curtains.

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Published on February 15, 2007