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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2285149

VYHREVAYA VETROENERGETICHESKAYA INSTALLATION "YALYNKA"

The name of the inventor: Gusak Stanislav Ivanovich (UA); Ganzelinsky Sergey Nikolaevich (UA); Dementienko Alexander Viktorovich
The name of the patent holder: Gusak Stanislav Ivanovich (UA); Ganzelinsky Sergey Nikolaevich (UA); Dementienko Alexander Viktorovich
Address for correspondence: 49005, Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk, ul.Simferopolskaya, 19, ap. 64, SI Gusaku
Date of commencement of the patent: 2004.11.16

The invention relates to the electric power industry, in particular to vortex wind power plants equipped with guiding confuser channels. The technical result is to increase the efficiency of the plant and to ensure the formation of a stable vortex flow without its disruption due to formation of a dense and laminar flow at the outlet openings in the formation zone of the vortex flow. The vortex wind power plant contains at the top in a pipe a wind wheel with a vertical axis, kinematically connected to an energy converter in the form of an electric generator, the tiers of guiding cannon channels, which in each tier are spiral-like around the vertical axis and helically along it, while the narrowed sections of the channels form a vortex flow formation zone .

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of electric power industry, in particular, to vortex windmills, which are equipped with guide channels for convergent channels, and can be used for obtaining ecologically clean electric power in wind power plants of medium, large and super-high power.

A vortex wind power plant according to the Russian Federation patent No. 2043536 is known, publ. 1995.09.10, IPC 6 F 03 D 9/00, which contains in the confusor a wind wheel with a vertical axis that is kinematically connected to the energy converter, coaxial with the confuser and below it is located on the foundation a ground level of guiding cannon channels that are formed by screen shields And which are tangential to the cylindrical part with uniformly located inlet openings of the wind flow. The vertical walls of this cylindrical part create an integral spiral ring with one outlet opening to the formation zone of the vortex flow. In this case, the wind flow along the vertical is created by a conically shaped surface of the foundation along the vertical axis.

The main disadvantage of this installation is the low stability of the formation of the vortex flow (its working ring), which is caused by the loss of the wind velocity during its passage in the integral spiral ring, and by the presence of one outlet opening into the zone of formation of the vortex flow.

The second disadvantage is the insufficient vertical wind speed, which is due to the use of a conically shaped surface of the foundation for this, which leads to an unstable formation of the working ring of the vortex flow.

Known vortex wind power plant according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2070661, publ. 1996.12.20, IPC 6 F 03 D 3/04, which contains an exhaust pipe with four vertical wind axles located in the middle of it and which are kinematically connected to the energy converter, coaxially with the exhaust pipe, on its outer side, four tiers of guiding confusional Channels, which are arranged helically along the vertical axis in the tier, and around it are curvilinear in plan surfaces that have the shape of cylindrical surfaces, while the inner sections of the guide channels that are narrowed in plan are connected to the corresponding outlets in the exhaust pipe above which the corresponding wind wheel This layer, and wide in the plan external sections of the guiding ducts are the inlet holes of the wind flow. In this setting, the helical shape of the guiding canals along the vertical axis is the difference between the large slope of their bottom surface upward and the smaller slope of their upper surface downward. And the dense wind flow inside each channel extends along the outer side of its cylindrical surface and enters the formation zone of the vortex flow (its working ring) practically radially.

The advantage of this installation relative to the previous one is that each guiding confuser channel with cylindrical vertical surfaces occupies only a small part of the integral circle, thereby reducing the possibility of disruption of the formation of a vortex flow.

At the same time, this installation also has a low resistance to the formation of a vortex flow (its working ring), which is caused by the use of the cylindrical shape of vertical surfaces, with concavity to the vertical axis, in the guiding confuser channels, where the compacted wind flow enters the formation zone of the vortex flow almost radially .

The low stability of the formation of the vortex flow (its working ring) is also caused by the possible disruption of the vortex ring in the upper part of each tier after passing and recuperation of its energy on the wind wheel of this tier due to the decrease in the kinetic energy of the vortex flow.

The second disadvantage of this installation is that the parts of each guiding cannula, in the area of ​​their inlet openings, have a cylindrical shape in plan, which reduces the total area of ​​the wind flow in these holes and, as a result, the velocity of the wind flow in the zone of formation of the vortex flow decreases.

The closest to the claimed solution for the technical essence and the technical result achieved is a vortex wind power plant according to the Russian Federation patent No. 2059881, publ. 1995.05.10, IPC 6 F 03 D 9/00, which contains at least one wind wheel located at the top in the pipe, which is kinematically connected to the energy converter, underneath the pipe, the first tier of the guides of the confluent channels, which are arranged helically along the vertical axis in the tier, and Around it - along the curvilinear surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding channel, while the narrowed in the plan of the guide channels of the confluent channels are the outlets that form the zone of formation of the vortex flow around the vertical axis, and the broad, in terms of the cross-section of the guides of the confluent channels, are the inlets of the wind Flow. In this installation, the curved surfaces have a cylindrical shape that approaches the linear shape and has a concavity from the vertical axis. Along the height of the installation there are several tiers of guiding canals, the first part of which is located under the pipe with the wind wheel, and the second part is at the level with it and provides the suction of the wind flow to create a vacuum over the wind wheel.

The advantage of this prototype in relation to the previous installation is a reduction in the possibility of disrupting the formation of a vortex flow (its working ring) by making curved cylindrical surfaces with concavity from the vertical axis.

At the same time, this installation does not sufficiently reduce the possibility of disruption of the formation of the vortex flow (its working ring), which is due to the fact that, with a cylindrical shape of the outer and inner sides of the guides of the confluent channels with concavity from the vertical axis, the wind flow along both sides is combined under Sharp angle in the outlets of the guiding canals. And this is characterized by the nonstationarity of the flow lines, their sharp bending and, as a consequence, the formation of secondary vortex currents, which leads either to the disruption of the formation of a vortex flow in the zone of its formation or to a loss of energy and a decrease in the efficiency of the installation.

The invention is based on the problem of creating an effective vortex wind power plant by providing a laminar flow in the outlet openings of each guiding confusable channel to form a stable vortex flow, without its disruption, which in turn will increase the energy of this flow and increase the efficiency of the installation. In addition, an increase in the grip of the volume of the wind flow is ensured, the possibility of locking it in height in the zone of formation of the vortex flow is reduced without its disruption.

The problem is solved by the fact that a vortex windmill installation containing at least one wind wheel located at the top in the pipe, which is kinematically connected to the energy converter, under the pipe, the first tier of the guiding canals, which are arranged helically along the vertical axis, and around it - along the Curved surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding confusable channel, the narrowed in plan cross-section of the guides of the confluent channels being the exit holes that form the vortex flow formation zone around the vertical axis, and the wide cross-section of the guiding channels of the confluent channels are the inlet holes of the wind flow. In the installation, the curvilinear surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding commutator channel around the vertical axis are spiral-like. In addition, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically-spaced guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis increases in the tier from one guiding commutator duct to the second one around the vertical axis. Each guiding confusable channel in the vertical plane is made narrowed from the inlet to the outlet. In this case, the spiral-like part of each guiding commutator channel in the region of the inlet holes smoothly passes into the radial part. And the radial part of the outer side of each guiding channel is made with the possibility of its additional adjustable radial increase. In addition, on the inner surface of the spiral-like outer side of each guiding channel, along the wind flow, there are streamlined plates whose height gradually increases from zero in the direction of the vortex flow formation zone. The internal section of each guiding channel is made with rounded corners. And in the narrowed in the plan section of each guiding channel there is an adjustable damper to ensure that this section can be closed. And the apparatus comprises, coaxially with the first tier of guiding cannon channels, at least a second tier of guiding cannon channels. In this case, all the layers of the guiding canals are made in the form of a cut cone, the upper and lower surfaces of which are in the form of a ring and a cut cone, and the lower large surface of the upper tier of the guiding canals is connected to the smaller upper surface of the lower tier of the guiding cannon channels. A zone of formation of a vortex flow is made narrowed from the bottom of the installation to its top. With respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically-spaced guides of the confluent channels along the vertical axis increases from one tier to the second in the upward direction. In the tiers of the guides of the confluent channels, the number of guides of the converging channels is reduced from the bottom up. At the top of the pipe is a socket with a divider of the vortex flow. In addition, the guides of the confusional channels are spirally arranged around the vertical axis against the clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or along the clockwise direction in the southern hemisphere of the Earth. In this case, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically shaped guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis increases in each tier from one guiding confusional channel to the second one and from one tier to the second one in the upward direction against the clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or clockwise in the southern hemisphere Of the Earth.

The execution of curvilinear surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding confusional channel around the vertical axis with spiral-like allows to provide a laminar flow of the wind flow both in each guiding confuser channel and in their outlets, which are narrowed in plan internal sections of each guiding confusable channel at the boundary into the zone Forming a vortex flow in the form of a working ring. This is ensured by the fact that as the wind flow passes through the spiral-like guide channel, it is densely packed along the outer side of its spiral-like part due to the tangential forces of inertia. Such a densified flow enters the zone of formation of the vortex flow, which reduces the possibility of creating secondary eddy currents and, as a result, provides a more stable formation of the vortex flow ring in this working zone. And this makes it possible to increase the energy of this annular working flow both by reducing the secondary vortex currents and also because in the densified flow all its components run parallel to each other and are linearly folded, and not at an angle, as in the prototype, the efficiency of the installation While increasing.

The implementation of a relatively horizontal angle of the helically-spaced guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis, such that it increases in the tier from one guiding confusional channel to the second around the vertical axis, allows a smooth increase in the velocity of the eddy flow ring along the height within one tier, Stable formation and movement of this working ring in height, without its disruptions.

The implementation of each guiding channel in the vertical plane tapering from the inlet to the outlet allows the compaction of the wind flow along the height of this channel to be made, and thus the stability of the formation of the vortex flow in the form of its working ring.

The smooth transition of the spiral-like portion of each guiding commutator channel in the region of the inlet openings to the radial portion allows the gripping volume to be increased by setting an external wind flow.

The radial portion of the spiral-like outer side of each guiding convergent channel with the possibility of its further adjustable radial increase allows for a controlled increase in the volume of gripping of the wind flow with a decrease in its speed.

Execution on the inner surface of the spiral-like outer side of each guiding confusable channel along the wind flow of the streamlined plates makes it possible to increase the laminar flow of the spiral-like portion of each guiding convergent channel sealed along the outside, which further reduces the possibility of creating secondary eddy currents. And this provides an even more stable formation, without failures, of a working ring of a vortex flow. And the height of these plates is such that smoothly from zero increase in the direction of the zone of formation of the wind flow, while reducing their resistance to wind flow.

The internal section of each guiding confluent channel with rounded corners or ellipses is made, and it is possible to reduce the possibility of creating secondary eddy currents, and thereby to reduce the possibility of detachment of the working ring of the vortex flow.

The position of the adjustable damper in the narrowed in the plan section of each guiding confluent channel makes it possible to reduce or completely block the outlets into the zone of formation of the vortex flow with the increase of the value of the external wind flow to the storm flow.

Performing coaxially with the first tier of the guides of the confluent channels of at least the second tier of the guides of the confluent channels will make it possible to perform a multi-tier installation, which in turn will allow using not only surface low-speed wind currents but also wind currents at a higher speed at altitude.

The completion of all the tiers of the guide channels of the confusable canals in the form of a cut cone, the upper and lower surfaces of which have the shape of a cut cone in the form of a ring, the lower large surface of the upper tier being connected to the smaller upper surface of the lower tier. It allows the installation in the form of a cut cone of the entire installation, And with the same wide cones, located stepwise in the lower part of the installation, where low-speed wind currents operate, and in the form of a cut cone in its upper part. This allows for a larger volume of wind flow to be captured in height to support a stable eddy flow ring in the swirl formation zone.

Execution of the zone of formation of the vortex flow of the narrowed from the bottom of the installation to its top allows to increase the sealing of the working ring of the vortex flow in this zone in height with the maximum increase of its energy at the top, in the area of ​​the wind wheel, which can be made in the form of several turbines located on a vertical axis In a pipe one on top of one.

Execution of the angle of the helically-spaced guides of the confluent channels along the vertical axis with respect to the horizontal plane, such that it increases from one stage to the second in the upward direction of the installation, allows the vertical velocity of the working ring of the eddy flow to increase with height, thereby reducing the possibility of locking the height of the vortex formation zone Flow, which is due to different speeds of the external wind flow at the bottom and top of the multi-tier installation. And this helps to optimize the movement of the vortex flow along the height of the installation, without disrupting this flow.

The installation, in which the number of guide channels in the tiers decreases in the height of the installation, and is aimed at reducing the possibility of locking the height of the vortex flow formation zone due to the different speeds of the external wind flow at the bottom and top of the multi-tier installation, which facilitates the optimization of the vortex flow movement along Installation height, without disruption of this flow.

Execution from the top of the pipe of the socket with the dissector allows to disperse the spent vortex stream.

The twisting of the guides of the confluent channels spiraling around the vertical axis against the clockwise direction when the installation is located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or along the clockwise direction when the installation is located in the southern hemisphere of the Earth can be used to increase the twist of the wind flow in the tiers of the Coriolis acceleration unit, which is caused by the rotation of the Earth.

And the implementation of a relatively horizontal plane of the angle of the helically-spaced guides of the confluent channels along the vertical axis is such that it increases in each tier from one guiding commutator channel to the second and from one tier to the second tier in the upstream direction of the installation against the clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or along the path Hour hand in the southern hemisphere of the Earth allows and can be used to increase the speed of the working ring of the vortex flow along the height of the Coriolis accelerator.

The foregoing confirms the existence of cause-effect relationships between the set of essential features of the claimed invention and the technical result achieved.

This set of essential features allows, in comparison with the prototype of a vortex wind power plant, to ensure the formation of a stable vortex flow in the form of a working ring without its disruption by providing in the outlets of each guiding confusional channel a densified and laminar wind flow. And this provides an increase in the energy of this stream and a corresponding increase in the efficiency of the installation. In addition, an increase in the grip of the volume of the wind flow is provided, with the possibility of regulating this increase. And there is a reduction in the possibility of locking the height of the vortex flow formation zone without its disruption. The sealing of the working ring of the vortex flow along the height of the installation is also ensured.

According to the authors, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention "novelty" and "inventive step", because the set of essential features that characterize the claimed vortex wind power plant is new and does not follow explicitly from the prior art.

	The claimed invention is explained by the drawings, in which like elements have the same numerals and where in FIG. 1 a vortex wind power plant is shown, a general view; FIG. 2 is a sectional view along AA of FIG. 1; FIG. FIG. 3 shows the same, vertical section in FIG. 1, without guide channels; 4 shows the arrangement of the adjustable damper in the outlet; FIG. 5 shows the location of the additional radial plane on the outside of each guiding convergent channel.

The preferred variant of the vortex wind power plant according to FIGS. 1, 2, 3 is in the form of a multi-tiered installation of a pyramidal-like shape, for example a septic tank, which comprises an upright vertical pipe 1 in the middle of which is located on a vertical axis 2 a wind wheel 3 that is kinematically connected to A converter (not shown) of the energy coaxial with the pipe 1 and the wind wheel 3 and below them on the foundation 4 there are the lines 5-11 with the zone 12 of the formation of the vortex flow in the form of a working ring. In each tier 5-11, spiral-like (narrowed) channels 13-19 are located helically around the axis 2 and helically along it, each of which has an outer 20 and an inner 21 vertical sides, curvilinear in terms of their surface in accordance with 2 are spiral-like. Each NCC 13-19 has corresponding inlet 22 and outlet 23 openings. In the region of the inlet openings 22, the helical portion of each LCM 13-19 smoothly passes into its radial portion, respectively, with radial outer 24 and inner 25 sides. Referring to FIG. 5, the radial outer 24 sides of each LCM 13-19 are configured for their further adjustable radial increase by pulling planes 26. Near each outlet 23, in accordance with FIG. 4, an adjustable shutter 27 is arranged to enable the overlapping of the narrowed In terms of the cross section of each NCC 13-19. The vortex flow formation zone 12 is in fact an exhaust pipe which is formed from the bottom of the installation to its top, the location of the wind wheel 3. And in the upper part of the pipe 1 is located a socket 28 with dissectors (not shown) of the vortex flow. In this case, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically disposed NCC along the vertical axis increases in each tier from one NCC to the second one and from one tier to the second one in the upward direction of the installation.

As a wind wheel 3 several turbines are used, which are located one above one on the vertical axis 2.

As a power converter, a powerful electric generator with a flywheel is preferably used. Alternatively, a converter of the mechanical energy of rotation of the wind wheel 3 into thermal energy or the like can be used.

In one embodiment of the installation, a series of small, high-height flow plates (not shown) are arranged on the inner surface 29 of the spiral-like outer side 20 of each LCC 13-19 and along the direction of the wind flow, the height of which increases smoothly from zero in the direction of the vortex flow formation zone 12 And which can be made adjustable.

And in one embodiment, each LCI 13-19 in the vertical plane is made narrowed from the inlet ports 22 to the outlet holes 23.

The internal section of each CCM 13-19 is preferably made with rounded corners. In other embodiments, this section can be made in the form of an ellipse, a circle, a half-ellipse.

In one embodiment, the installation may be in the form of a cut cone with correspondingly stacked tiers 5-11 in the form of and cutoff cones with a pyramidal or conical top part.

And the installation can be made in the form of stepped in the lower part of its wide and identical in plan tiers, which are located one above the other.

When the installation is located in the northern hemisphere of the Earth, the NCC are directed spirally around the vertical axis against the clockwise direction, and when the installation is located in the southern hemisphere of the Earth - along the clockwise direction, in order to accelerate the wind flow in the NCC Coriolis in order to accelerate. In this case, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically disposed NCC along the vertical axis increases in each tier from one NCC to the second one and from one tier to the second one in the upward direction of the installation against the clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or clockwise in the southern hemisphere of the Earth and for In order to use Coriolis acceleration to accelerate the wind flow along the height of the installation in zone 12 of the PWR.

In the external and internal side walls of the NSC 13-19, technological channels can be made to accommodate communications and access for maintenance.

VORTEX WIND POWER PLANT WORKS AS FOLLOWS:

The wind flow (indicated by arrows) of any direction runs into the body of the plant and is captured by the NCC 13-19, in which it is condensed by narrowing these channels and spiraling. At the same time, the speed of its movement rises as many times as many times the cross-section of the inlet openings 22 exceeds the cross-section of the outlet openings 23. Through the outlet apertures 23, a swirling wind flow enters the vortex flow formation zone (FLV) 12 along the ascending spiral due to the screw-like execution of each SCC 13 -19 along the vertical axis 2. In zone 12 of the PEF, the wind flow is formed into a vortex working ring with the maximum density that rises along the height of the zone 12 of the PWR, which performs the function of the exhaust pipe and, due to its narrowing in height, is further consolidated. At the same time, the velocity of the working ring of the vortex flow increases in height and, due to the increase in the angle of the screw-like execution, both in each upper layer of the NCC compared to the lower one, and the increase in this angle in neighboring NKCs in each tier, which facilitates the absence of locking the movement of the working ring The vortex flow along the height of zone 12 of the PEL. In the vertical pipe 1, the energy of the working ring of the vortex flow is converted into the energy of rotation of the wind wheel 3 and then in the electric generator - into electrical energy.

With the growth of the rotational speed of the working ring of the vortex flow, there is a suction of the wind flow from all the NCCs 13-19, which further increases the energy of this working ring.

The energy of the working ring also increases, and due to a greater grip of the wind flow by the radial parts of the NCC 13-19, which are additionally radially increased by the extension of the planes 26 as the velocity of the wind flow decreases.

As the wind speed increases above the critical speed, in each LCC 13-19, dampers 27 are advanced, which partially or completely block the outlet openings 23 to ensure that only the required amount of wind flow on the wind wheel 3 arrives, which ensures the operation of the generator in the nominal mode.

In the case of an installation in which the amount of NCC 13-19 in the bottom-up direction decreases from bottom to top and facilitates the absence of locking the movement of the vortex flow ring along the height of the TFW zone 12 due to the fact that the high wind speed at the top of the installation is taken into account, Than in the lower part.

Although variations have been shown and described herein that are considered to be best for carrying out the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications can be made and the elements can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The conformity of the claimed technical solution with the criterion of the invention "industrial applicability" is confirmed by these examples of the implementation of the vortex wind power plant.

CLAIM

1. A vortex wind power plant, containing at least one wind wheel located at the top in the pipe, which is kinematically connected to the energy converter, beneath the pipe is the first tier of guiding canals, which in the tier are arranged helically along the vertical axis, and around it - along curvilinear The surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding confusable channel, the narrowed in plan cross-section of the guides of the confluent channels are the exit apertures which form the vortex flow formation zone around the vertical axis, and the wide cross-section of the guiding channels of the confluent channels are the inlet openings of the wind flow, That the curvilinear surfaces of the outer and inner sides of each guiding commutator channel around the vertical axis are spiral-like.

2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically-spaced guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis increases in a tier from one guiding commutator duct to the second one around the vertical axis.

3. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that each guiding confusable channel in the vertical plane is made narrowed from the inlet to the outlet.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spiral-like portion of each guiding convergent channel in the region of the inlet openings smoothly passes into the radial portion.

5. An installation as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the radial part of the outer side of each guiding convergent channel is configured for its further adjustable radial increase.

6. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inner surface of the spiral-like outer side of each guiding convergent channel along the wind flow there are streamlined plates whose height gradually increases from zero in the direction of the vortex flow formation zone.

7. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal section of each guiding convergent channel is formed with rounded corners.

8. An installation according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the narrowed in plan section of each guiding channel, an adjustable damper is arranged to enable this section to overlap.

9. An installation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises, coaxially with the first tier of guiding cannon channels, at least a second tier of guiding cannula channels.

10. An installation as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that all the stages of the guiding canals are made in the form of a cut cone, the upper and lower surfaces of which are in the form of a ring and a cut cone, and the lower large surface of the upper tier of guiding cannula channels is connected to a smaller upper surface The lower tier of guiding cannulas.

11. An installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the vortex flow formation zone is made narrowed from the bottom of the apparatus to its top.

12. An installation according to claim 9, characterized in that, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically-spaced guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis increases from one tier to the second in the upward direction.

13. An installation according to claim 9, characterized in that in the tiers of the guiding channels of the confusable channels, the number of guiding confuser channels decreases from the bottom up.

14. An installation as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that at the top of the pipe there is a bell with a divergent vortex flow.

15. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the guides of the confusor channels are spirally arranged around a vertical axis opposite the clockwise direction in the northern hemisphere of the Earth or clockwise in the southern hemisphere of the Earth.

16. An installation according to claim 15, characterized in that, with respect to the horizontal plane, the angle of the helically-spaced guide channels of the confusable channels along the vertical axis increases in each tier from one guiding commutator duct to the second one and from one tier to the second tier in an upward direction against the clockwise direction in the north Hemisphere of the Earth or clockwise in the southern hemisphere of the Earth.

print version
Publication date 17.01.2007gg

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