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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2244157
WIND POWER STATION
The name of the inventor: Gurnitsky V.N. (RU); Adoniev V.V. (RU); Ivolga V.A. (RU); Konoplev E.V.
The name of the patent holder: Stavropol State Agrarian University
Address for correspondence: 355017, Stavropol, per. Zoo Technical, 12, SGAU, Patent Department
Date of commencement of the patent: 2003.02.17
The invention relates to wind power plants (VES) and can be used for electric power generation, working in parallel with the network or in an autonomous mode. The technical result consists in simplifying and reducing the cost, and in improving the reliability of the wind farm construction. The wind farm consists of an asynchronous type electric generator, a transmission and a wind turbine, comprising blades mounted on endless flexible elements thrown through cylinders having rotation axes connected to the base. The blade has the form of a gable roof, which includes rafters in the form of anchor masts. The center-to-center distances of the cylinders are 2.5 ... 5.5 to their overall radii. The overall diameter of the cylinders is greater than the mast pitch and is commensurate with its height. The tension of flexible elements is carried out with the help of mobile supports, the pedestal of which is enclosed between the supports and the base, the pedestals themselves are rigidly connected by a beam. The number of VES blades is optimally equal to four.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind power stations (VES) and can be used for power generation in economically justified cases.
The VES is known, containing the dome mounted on the base, the dome placed on them and the blade-shaped wind wheel located on the axis of symmetry of the latter, the bearing supports are mounted on the base with the possibility of rotation around the symmetry axis of the dome, the dome has a central hole, and the wind wheel is located in the latter and rigidly fixed to the latter A dome (AS No. 1469205, Class F 03 D 3/00).
A wind power plant is known including a wind turbine comprising a vertical shaft and associated blades which are made in the form of thin-walled panels with internal cavities, cross-sections are made in one of the panel walls (AS No. 1562518, class F 03 D 3/00) .
There is also known a wind power plant including a wind wheel with a horizontal axis of rotation containing hollow twisted along the length of the blade with air outlets at the ends, each blade being provided with air intake surfaces located at the lee side at a distance 1/3 ... 1/2 of the radius of the wind wheel from the axis Rotation (As № 1760153, Cl. F 03 D 1/02).
A common drawback of these designs is that the blade edge located on the axis of rotation has zero speed and only the peripheral part of the opposite edge of the blade has a maximum speed not exceeding the wind speed. This circumstance significantly reduces the coefficient of use of the wind flow of wind farms.
The closest to the claimed invention is a VES containing frames, paired pairs of blades, connected to the frames by an inclined endless belt covering the upper and lower pulleys connected to the frame, connected thereto by parallel upper and lower guides contacting the running rollers, The blades of each pair are connected with each other by means of a torsion bar, the running rollers are fixed one by one on the blades and the guides are connected by means of arcs with each other, the diameter of which is greater than the distance between the guides, the upper guide having a variable width increasing from the lower roller to the upper one AS No. 1423777, Cl. F 03 D 5/02).
Its drawback - the complexity and high cost of construction, and low reliability.
The technical result of the invention is to simplify and reduce the cost, and increase the reliability of the wind farm construction.
The technical result is achieved by the fact that the VES blade has the form of a gable roof including rafters in the form of mowing and anchor masts, the lower part and the top of which are provided with rings, the ties and bends in the fixing tubes are passed through the latter, the couplers replace coaxial rollers of at least 2 Flexible cylinders, the center distance of the cylinders is 2.5 ... 5.5 for their overall radii, the blades are equipped with sails, and the overall diameter of the cylinders is greater than the mast step and is commensurate with its height.
FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of a wind farm, a general view
2 shows the design of the blade
The wind turbine consists of electric generator 1, transmission 2 and wind turbine, comprising blades 3 (a, b, c, d) mounted on endless flexible elements 4 enclosing cylinders 5 having axes of rotation 6 connected to base 7. The blade 3 has the form of a gable roof including rafters in the form of masts 18 (FIG. 2) and anchor masts 8 (FIG. 1), lower parts 19 (FIG. 2) and the top of each of which are provided with rings 20 (FIG. 2); Through the latter, the ties 21 and yoke 22 (FIG. 2), enclosed in the fixing tubes 23 (FIG. 2) are omitted; The couplers 21 replace the rollers of the coaxial links 24 (FIG. 2) with at least two flexible elements 4 (FIG. 2), 4 (FIG. 1). The center-to-center distances of the 9 cylinders 5 (FIG. 1) are 2.5 ... 5.5 to their overall radii, the blades 3 (FIG. 1) are equipped with sails 25 (FIG. 2), and the angle between the races is designated 26 (FIG. ). The step of mast 8 is indicated by the number 11, and its height by the number 12. Block 13, together with anemometer 14, controls the automatic operation of the entire wind farm. The tension of the flexible elements 4 is carried out by means of mobile supports 15, the pedestal 16 of which is enclosed between the supports 15 and the base 7; The pedestals 16 themselves are rigidly connected by a beam 17 (FIG. 1). As studies show, in order to ensure uninterrupted supply of wind energy to the blades 3 (FIG. 1) of the wind farm, the interaxal distance of 9 cylinders 5 is equal to 3 overall radii of the cylinders 5 with a four-bladed VES and 5 to the same radii with its three-bladed structure. A different number of blades is impossible or impractical.
WEC operates as follows.
With insufficient wind force or its direction sharply different from the prevailing one, the blade 3 (FIG. 1) does not move in space - rotationally and translationally. At a wind speed greater than some minimum from anemometer 14 (FIG. 1), a signal is sent to the control unit 13 which starts the electric generator 1 from the mains at the initial moment of time in the driving mode, since this electric machine is an asynchronous squirrel-cage motor, Then at synchronous speed in regenerative mode. With a further increase in wind speed, its flow falling on the blade 3a (FIG. 1) does not increase the speed of movement of the flexible elements 4, but gives an increase in the force, and therefore, the power transmitted through the transmission 2 to the generator 1. The axes of rotation 6 are set Parallel to each other by adjusting the axle distances 9 of the cylinders 5 by means of the supports 15 moved on the pedestals 16 resting on the bases 7 rigidly connected by the beam 17. The screen 10 prevents the blades 3 b, c, d of the wind flow from reaching the blades (Fig. 1). When the wind strength is sufficient, the windmill moves to a subsynchronous speed, and the generator 1 is automatically disconnected from the network. Step 11 and height 12 of the anchor mast 8 must meet the following conditions for effective operation. The first: step 11 of the mast 8 should not be more than the overall diameter of the cylinder 5; Step 11 on the rectilinear portion of the flexible member 4 (FIG. 1) is greater than that for the curved portion. Second: the height of the 12 mast 8 should be chosen commensurate with a cylinder diameter of 5, but greater than the latter in order to obtain a greater amount of power produced per unit of materials. Third, in order to reduce the curvature of the linear sections of flexible elements 4 in strong winds, the distances between the axes of the cylinders 5 should be minimized and the number of blades 3 optimally assumed to be equal to four. The jibs 18 (Fig. 2) convert the whole structure comprising the lower parts of the masts 19, the rings 20, the screeds 21, the gnets 22 and the tubes 23 (Fig. 2) into a rigid truss fixed in the coaxial links 24 of the flexible elements 4 carrying on this farm Sail 25; The angle 26 (FIG. 2) between the roof slopes in one complete revolution, for example, the blade 3a (FIG. 1) will have two maxima and two minima. If the sail 25 (FIG. 2) is made of an elastic material, for example a synthetic fabric, then due to wind blowing, the wind energy utilization factor will increase, including by reducing the wind flow from the blade 3 (FIG. 1) and Reducing the coefficient of its reflection, which greatly simplifies and reduces the price of the regulatory system. Thus, the distance between the axes of the cylinders 5 is in the range 2.5 ... 5.5 of the overall radii of the cylinders 5, the optimum being close to the value of 3. The power of the generator 1 (FIG. 1) is such that for a given sail area 25 (FIG. .2) and the maximum annual wind speed in a given locality, generator 1 is not overloaded by heat. In critical cases (once every five to six years), the generator 1 is switched off by thermal protection from the network, the windmill is mechanically braked, and the blade 3a (FIG. 1) is dismantled by unscrewing the four nuts connecting the couplers 21 to the flexible members 4 (FIG. 2).
The proposed invention as compared to other known technical solutions has the following advantages:
- increase of reliability
- depreciation
- simplification of construction
- Environmental frequency of the environment.
CLAIM
A wind power plant including a transmission electric generator and a wind turbine comprising blades fixed on endless flexible members surrounding the cylinders on the rotation axes associated with the base, characterized in that the blade has the form of a gable roof including rafters in the form of mowing and anchoring masts, lower parts and The top of which are provided with rings, the ties and bends in the fixing tubes are missing through the latter, the ties replace the rollers of the coaxial links of at least two flexible elements, the center distance of the cylinders is 2.5 ... 5.5 for their overall radii, the blades are equipped with sails, and The overall diameter of the cylinders is greater than the mast step and is commensurate with its height.
print version
Date of publication 11.01.2007gg
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