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WIND POWER PLANTS. Wind turbines

INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2157920

WIND POWER STATION

WIND POWER STATION

The name of the inventor: Gurnitsky VN; Maryashov Yu.A.
The name of the patent holder: STAVROPOL STATE AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY
Address for correspondence: 355017, Stavropol, per. Zootechnical 12, Agricultural Academy, Patent Department
Date of commencement of the patent: 1997.05.28

(EN) The invention relates to wind power, namely to wind power plants (VES). The technical result is to increase the reliability and processability of the structure, is achieved due to the fact that in a wind power plant containing confusors and a turbogenerator oriented in the direction of the prevailing winds, including an electric generator and a turbine with blades, the cross-section of the confuser along the whole axial length is square, The confusors are made in the form of separate sections, the thickness of the walls varies proportionally to the load, each section contains external stiffeners forming isosceles rectangular triangles, and the nozzles of confusors in the form of rectangles are located to the left and to the right of the turbine with a vertical axis of rotation mounted on the generator shaft above The latter, which is an asynchronous electric motor in the regenerative mode, the turbine blades being made in the form of rectangular plates with holes that are staggered at the bottom of the latter.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

(EN) The invention relates to wind power stations (VES) and is intended for electricity generation in economically justified cases.

The VES is known, containing a cylindrical body with an inlet confuser and an outlet diffuser, in the middle part of which there are paddle wind wheels whose shafts are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the shell with the formation of a polygon and are kinematically connected to one another (see AS No. 1815413). F 03 D 3/04).

The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of the sewerage of mechanical energy, and the impossibility of optimal orientation to the direction of the prevailing winds.

It is also known that a wind farm with a housing with an inlet confuser, a neck and an outlet diffuser, a shaft located in the housing, a turbine fixed to it in the neck zone, and a guiding device located in the neck (see AS No. 1809158, Kl.F 03 D 1/04).

The main disadvantage of the device is a large swivel mass, which makes it difficult to obtain large capacities.

It is known to design a windmill comprising a housing with an inlet confuser and an outlet diffuser, a fairing placed in the housing, a fairing connected to the confuser by means of guide vanes, a paddle wind wheel located behind the fairing, and a cone mounted in the diffuser and connected to it by radial bridges, Diffuser is made corrugated in the circumferential direction with the formation of internal and external wedge-shaped trays, and the cone is connected with the diffuser in the zone of the outer wedge-shaped trays (see A pp. N 1592572, Cl. F 03 D 1/04). This design, with all the existing advantages, combines the shortcomings of the considered wind farms.

The closest to the claimed invention and accepted by the authors for the prototype is a wind turbine, containing a drum wind wheel with blades fixed to a horizontal shaft, and two diametrically installed relative to it a confuser, the outlet openings of which are located one above and the other below the shaft. No. 1268792, Cl. F 03 D 3/04).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that it is impossible to orient the confusors on the ground in an optimal way, since the direction of the prevailing winds seldom lie on the same line, and the low use of materials from the confuser design.

The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and manufacturability of a structure having high specific energy indices.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the wind power plant contains confusors and a turbogenerator oriented along the directions of the prevailing winds, including an electric generator and a turbine with blades, the cross-section of the confuser having the shape of a square along the whole axial length, besides, the confusors are made in the form of separate sections whose wall thickness Varies in proportion to the load, each section contains external stiffeners forming isosceles rectangular triangles, and nozzles of confusors in the form of rectangles are located to the left and right of the turbine with a vertical axis of rotation mounted on the shaft of the generator above the latter, which is an asynchronous electric motor in regenerative mode, The turbines are made in the form of rectangular plates with holes that are at the bottom in staggered order.

WIND POWER STATION

FIG. 1 is a side view

FIG. 2 - a top view of this wind farm (the canopy is not shown conditionally)

In Fig. 3 shows the construction of the confuser

FIG. 4 shows the general view of the turbine

FIG. 5 is a view of a separate blade

The wind farm consists of at least two confusors 1, 2 (Figure 2) oriented to the direction of the prevailing winds, made up of separate sections 3 installed by means of supports 4 on the foundation 5, which is a welded structure of steel profiles in the form of a trapezium, the extreme The points of which are connected to the piles that are jammed into the ground by the piles 6. In addition, the confusers 1, 2 are fixed to the foundation 5 by extensions 7. Throughout the axial length, the confusers have the form of a square and contain external triangular stiffeners 8 (Figure 3) formed by the protruding parts of the corners 9 framing Each section with welded beams 10. The nozzles 11 (FIG. 2) of the confusers 1, 2 are directed to a turbine 12 with a vertical axis of rotation having blades 13 in the form of deep rectangular trays with holes in the bottom 14 (FIG. The blades 13 are fixed at one end to the drum 15 (Figure 4), their other edge is welded to the steel rims 16. The turbine 12 is mounted on the shaft of the electric generator 17 (Figure 1), which is an asynchronous motor operating in a regenerative mode. The electric generator 17 has a flange attachment and is mounted on a base 18 made in the form of a structure inside which the control unit 19 is located. Above, the turbine 12 and the power generator 17 are covered by a canopy 20 fixed to the support posts 21.

WEC operates as follows. Accelerating in the confuser 1, consisting of separate sections 3, the air flow through the nozzle 11 falls on the blades 13 of the turbine 12, causing the rotation of the latter. Part of the air penetrates into the vents of the blades 13; This reduces the vacuum before the previous blade; For the following blade, the resistance to its entry into the directed air flow decreases; In addition, it contributes to less reflection of the air flow from the blade; Passing through the apertures 14, the air flow further reduces its kinetic energy due to frictional forces; All this increases the coefficient of wind energy consumption. When the electric generator 17 reaches an angular velocity higher than the synchronous control unit 19, it connects it to the mains; While the networked power generator gives it standard-quality power. Small changes in the direction of the wind relative to the dominant effect on the work of the wind farm a little because of the large convergence angle of the walls of the confuser 1. When the prevailing wind direction changes, a confuser works and in the economically expedient cases it is possible to install additional confusers. A canopy 20, standing on the support posts 21, protects the working area from the effects of precipitation. The execution of the base 18 in the form of a room made it possible to place the control unit 19. The proposed design of the turbine makes it possible to reduce the weight of the blades 13 without reducing the efficiency of operation, The rims 16 have low aerodynamic resistance, and the hollow drum 15 has a low moment of inertia. The stability of confusers 1, 2 is provided by a combination of supports 4 and stretches 7 fixed to the foundation 5, which in turn is fixed by means of piles 6. The external stiffeners 8 formed by the protruding parts of the corners 9 and the bars 10 give confusors 1, 2 the necessary Rigidity in the transverse direction.

The proposed invention has the following advantages over the prototype: the proposed design of the wind farm is not dangerous for glaciation; The installation of confusers in the direction of the prevailing winds ensures maximum utilization of the energy of the air masses in a given locality, the use of an automatic control unit and small dimensions of the rotating parts, and the absence of mechanical transmissions significantly reduces the operating costs of this wind farm, and high manufacturability and use as an induction motor generator make it possible to manufacture Her in the conditions of repair shops. This wind farm can be installed on the roofs of buildings and industrial buildings, so you can not only save electricity, but also heat buildings in the winter, compensating for their cooling by wind.

The technical result achieved in the implementation of this invention is that, at high specific energy parameters of wind farms, its cost decreases and the dimensions of the rotating parts decrease.

CLAIM

Wind power plant, containing confusors and turbine generator oriented in the direction of the prevailing winds, including an electric generator and a turbine with blades, characterized in that the cross-section of the confuser along the whole axial length has the form of a square, while the confusors are made in the form of separate sections, the wall thickness of which varies proportionally to the load , Each section contains external stiffeners forming isosceles rectangular triangles, and the nozzles of confusers in the form of rectangles are located to the left and right of the turbine with a vertical axis of rotation mounted on the shaft of the generator above the latter, which is an asynchronous electric motor in recuperative mode, the turbine blades being made in Shape of rectangular plates with holes that are at the bottom of the last in staggered order.

print version
Date of publication 11.01.2007gg