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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2269028
ROTARY WIND-MOTOR (WIND)
The name of the inventor: Shpadi Andrey Leonidovich (RU); Mitryukhin Vyacheslav Viktorovich
The name of the patent owner: Shpadi Andrey Leonidovich (RU); Mitryukhin Vyacheslav Viktorovich
Address for correspondence: 432017, Ulyanovsk, ul. Ostrovsky, 17, ap. 6, A.L. Shpadi
The effective date of the patent: 2002.11.12
The invention relates to wind power and concerns rotor wind turbines, which can be used to obtain cheap mechanical energy. The technical result consists in simplifying the design and control of the wind turbine, increasing its reliability and efficiency (efficiency) by reducing the braking moment of the windward wings. The proposed wind turbine comprises a vertical mast, rotatably mounted on stretches and radial-thrust bearings in the support assembly, and rotor wings mounted on its horizontal traverse, arranged around the mast on vertical shafts and provided with pivot pins. The trunnions of the inner rotor flanges are fixed to the ends of the tubular traverse passing through the corresponding holes in these wings, and the trunnions of the outer wings are provided with cranks installed in the cages at the ends of the connecting rod running along a rectilinear guide inside the tubular crosspiece with buffer springs that abut against the cranks of the outer cranks Wings of the rotor, while the rotor wings are paired in pairs with front edges to vertical shafts parallel to the axes of the trunnions of the inner wings of the rotor.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to wind power and concerns rotor wind turbines, which can be used to obtain cheap mechanical energy.
A wind turbine is known, which contains a vertical support mast fixed by means of stretches in the support assembly. The Savonius rotors and wind wheel mounted on the mast, the latter of which is made in the form of hollow cylinders with end flanges placed around the Savonius rotor on vertical shafts with journals, equipped with support rollers contacting the annular guide and fixed to the lower journals of vertical shafts. In this case, the lateral surface of each cylinder is made in the form of resilient plates partially overlapping each other to form gaps that are circumferentially oriented in one direction and provided with reflective vanes fixed to the inside of the plates and connected to the end flanges (see, for example, SU, 1553755 A1, cl. F 03 D 3/00, March 30, 1990) on the basis of the essential features adopted for the closest analogue (prototype) of the invention.
The disadvantages of the known wind turbine are its design complexity and low efficiency (efficiency), due to the braking torque of the wings and cylinders moving in the windward sector against the wind, and the lack of the technical capability of operational control and stopping the windmill.
The technical result consists in simplifying the design and control of the wind turbine while increasing its efficiency and efficiency by dramatically reducing the braking moment of the windward wings, which will allow the rotor windmill to compete successfully with propeller wind turbines.
In order to solve the technical result, a rotor windmill is provided comprising a vertical mast rotatably mounted on extensions and radial-thrust bearings in a support assembly and supported on a horizontal mast crosspiece are rotor wings placed around the mast on vertical shafts and provided with pivot pins. The rotor wings are paired in pairs with front edges to vertical shafts parallel to the axes of the pins of the inner wings of the rotor. The trunnions of the inner wings of the rotor are fixed to the ends of the tubular traverse passing through the corresponding holes in these wings, and similar trunnions of the outer wings are provided with cranks installed at the ends of the connecting rod running along a rectilinear guide inside the tubular crosspiece with buffer springs that abut against the cranks of the outer wing cranks Rotor. In this case, the inner rotor wings can be made in the form of slats rigidly fixed at the ends of the horizontal beam at an acute angle to its axis such that the radius of the cranks of the trunnions of the outer wings exceeds the deviation of the arcuate path of the axes of these journals from the rectilinear displacement of the ends of the tie rod. And the connecting rod itself can be made of the same parts separated by opposing pistons of the hydraulic cylinder located inside the horizontal traverse and through the pipe of the vertical mast hydraulically connected to the dismountable piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the control mechanism, which is made in the form of a screw orthorhombic jack located in the support unit.
In order to uniformly and synchronously operate two identical wind turbines, a toothed belt pulley is mounted on the vertical mast, which connects the mast with a double pulley of mechanical load, which is connected to the pulley of the vertical mast of the second windmill by an equal gear ratio so that their traverses are deployed perpendicular to each other .
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a wind turbine (general view); FIG. FIG. 2 shows a horizontal crosshead assembly with opposing pistons of the tie rod; FIG. 3 shows a control cylinder and a support unit mechanism; 4 shows a horizontal view of the windmill rotor in the initial state; 5 is the same, under wind load; 6 shows a horizontal view of the rotor with rigidly fixed inner slats. |
The rotor windmill contains a vertical rotating mast 1 installed in the radial-thrust bearings 2 on the extensions 3 and the support assembly 4. At the upper end of the mast 1, a horizontal tubular cross member 5 is fixed, inside which, on a rectilinear guide, a connecting rod 6 with clips 7 at the ends . Through these clips 7, the cranks of the external pins 8 are installed, mounted in the slides 9 of the outer wings 10, the rotor, which are fixed on the vertical shafts 11 in pairs with the inner wings 12 and provided with thrust bearings 9 with straight trunnions 13 fixed to the ends of the traverse 5 parallel to the shafts 11. At the ends of the crosspiece 5 freely passing through the corresponding openings of the inner wings 12, buffer springs 14 are mounted which abut the crank yoke 7 of the outer wings 10 of the rotor so that in the initial (free) position they are at the same distance from the inner wings 12. At the base The pulley 15 of the toothed belt 16 is fixed to the mast 1 by means of which it is kinematically connected to the double pulley 17 of the mechanical load 18, for example, a pump, an electric generator, and the like. By means of a second similar belt (not shown), the load 18 is kinematically coupled to another same wind turbine by an equal gear ratio, which allows them to rotate in phase without interfering with each other.
The connecting rod 6 can be made of two parts separated by opposing pistons 19 of a hydraulic cylinder 20 located inside a horizontal cross member 5 which is provided with a pouring 21 and a binding 22 holes for filling the traverse 5 with gear oil or antifreeze 23 and its hydraulic communication through a vertical Tubular mast 1 with the demountable piston 24 of the hydraulic cylinder of the control mechanism. This mechanism can be made, for example, in the form of a screw orthorhombic ram 25 with a spherical hinge 26 of the collapsible piston 24 and located in the support assembly 4. In a simplified form, the inner wings 12 of the rotor can be made in the form of slats rigidly fixed at the ends of the horizontal cross member 5 Sharp angle 
To its axis such that the radius of the cranks of the outer pins 8 exceeds the maximum deviation of the arcuate path of the axes of these pins 8 from the rectilinear displacement of the ends of the tie rod 6.
The proposed wind turbine works as follows.
The wind that falls on the rotor along the crosspiece 5 creates on the paired wings 10 and 12 the lifting force F which is applied perpendicularly to the traverse 5 at a distance R from the axis of the mast 1. A pair of these forces (F and F) creates a torque Mv that rotates the rotor By 90 ° so that the left pair of wings 10, 12 begins to move in the direction of the wind, and the right - against the wind. Due to the weathervane effect, the right pair of wings is folded along the wind, sharply reducing its frontal section and the corresponding force F, which prevents rotation of the rotor, whereas the left pair of wings increases its sail and traction force F by deploying the wings 10, 12, which due to the action of the binder Rod 6 and springs 14 occurs simultaneously with the folding of the right wings and in proportion to the strength of the wind.
In this case, the distance of the left vertical shaft 11 to the axis of the mast 1 is increased by some amount r of displacement of the link rod 6, and the distance of the right shaft 11 is reduced by the same amount, which leads to an increase in the arm of the traction force F and the torque Mv and a significant reduction in the arm and The braking torque of the drag force F of the right wings. Due to this, the mast 1 continues its rotation in the bearings 2 and through the pulleys 15, 17 and the timing belt 16 transmits the torque to the mechanical load 18 which, through the second gear pulley and the belt, can receive a torque from another similar windmill rotating with a phase shift of 90 ° , Which reduces the pulsations of the total torque on the mechanical load.
The wind turbine with rigid attachment to the traverse 5 of the inner wings 12 of a small area works in a similar way, only the main torque Mv will be generated by the outer wings 10, which can be directly connected to each other by a rod 6 located above the traverse 5 and inner flaps 12. If available Of the hydraulic link between the halves of the link rod 6, the distance between their opposing pistons 19, and therefore the amount of the initial opening of the wings 10, 12, can be varied by the amount of the liquid 23 contained in the traverse 5. This amount of the liquid 23 is determined by the initial filling through the hole with the stopper 21 and the amount of liquid 23 entering traverse 5 through a tie hole 22 from the tubular mast 1 in which the disassembled piston 24 moves. The vertical position of the piston 24 is defined by the ball joint 26 of the screw-rhombic control mechanism 25 with which it is possible to completely fold both Pairs of wings 10, 12 and thereby stop the windmill during storm winds or routine maintenance.
In addition, the hydraulic connection between the halves of the rod 6 allows the horizontal traverse 5 to have an odd number of fly-radii, for example three, five, etc., which expands the functionality of the rotor windmill, increases the uniformity of rotation and efficiency while simplifying its design and control Different modes of wind load.
CLAIM
1. A rotor windmill comprising a vertical mast rotatably mounted on stretches and radial-thrust bearings in a support assembly and fixed to a horizontal mast crosspiece, rotor wings disposed on vertical shafts around the mast and provided with pivot journals, characterized in that the rotor wings Are paired with front edges to vertical shafts parallel to the axes of the pins of the internal wings of the rotor fixed at the ends of the tubular traverse passing through the corresponding holes in these wings, and similar trunnions of the outer wings are provided with cranks installed in the clips at the ends of the connecting rod passing along the rectilinear guide inside Tubular traverse with buffer springs, which abut against the crooks of the outer wings of the rotor.
2. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rod is made of identical parts separated by opposing pistons of the hydraulic cylinder located inside the horizontal crossbar and through the pipe of the vertical mast hydraulically connected to the disassembled piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the control mechanism, which is made in the form of a screw orthorhombic ram, Located in the support node.
3. The wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner wings of the rotor are made in the form of slats rigidly fixed at the ends of the horizontal crosshead at an acute angle to its axis such that the radius of the cranks of the trunnions of the outer wings exceeds the deviation of the arc-shaped path of the axes of these journals from the rectilinear displacement Ends of the tie rod.
4. Wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that a pulley of a toothed belt is mounted on the vertical mast, which connects it with a double pulley of mechanical load, which by means of another similar belt is connected to the pulley of the vertical mast of the second windmill by an equal gear ratio so that their traverses are unfolded Perpendicular to each other.
print version
Publication date 31.01.2007gg
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