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WAVE POWER STATIONS. HYDROPOWER STATIONS
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2045617

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

The name of the inventor: Kamishnikov Igor Grigorievich; Papulov Vladimir Ilich; Papulov Andrey Vladimirovich; Kartashov Evgeniy Petrovich; Kamyshnikov Oleg Grigoryevich
The name of the patent holder: Kamishnikov Igor Grigorievich; Papulov Vladimir Ilich; Papulov Andrey Vladimirovich; Kartashov Evgeniy Petrovich; Kamyshnikov Oleg Grigoryevich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1992.12.14

Use: in hydrotechnical construction, in particular in the creation of a channel power plant for the production of electricity in channel flows of small rivers. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The hydroelectric power plant comprises pontoons 1, the end parts of which are hingedly connected, and the jacks with the rods mounted on the pontoons to change their mutual arrangement in the flow. In the aperture between the ends of the pontoons 1 there are hydroturbines 18, the shafts 17 of which are connected through gears 8 to the shafts of generators 7 located on the movable deck 5 located above the surface of the stream and resting on pontoons 1. The latter have adjustable buoyancy and are attached by anchoring ropes 11 to anchors.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to hydropower engineering and can be used for the production of electricity in channel flows of small rivers.

A channel hydroelectric power station is known, including a floating floating pontoon of adjustable buoyancy, a pontoon holding device in the flow, a water intake unit, a hydro turbine and a current generator located on the pontoon [1]

The main disadvantage of this hydroelectric power plant is the low efficiency of hydroelectric power generation due to the fixed amount of surface water capture.

There is also known a channel hydroelectric power station adopted as a prototype, including installed in the flow at an angle to each other and connected by their end parts pontoons of regulated buoyancy with a vent throat, devices for adjusting the opening angle and keeping pontoons in the flow, a water intake unit connected to a pressurized water supply line Water to the turbine connected to the generator and located between the ends of the pontoons, and a flexible elastic screen [2]

The main disadvantage of this hydroelectric power plant is the low efficiency of electric power generation due to large technological idle times of the entire plant during repair and replacement of the main equipment inside each of the pontoons, low efficiency in the operation of the main equipment of the station in the inclined bottom profile of the transversal profile and low comfort conditions for servicing the station inside Pontoons.

The task was to develop a channeled hydroelectric power plant that would ensure greater efficiency of electric power production with greater efficiency of the main equipment of the station in a submerged mode, with less technological downtime of the station, connected with the repair and replacement of the main equipment of each of the pontoons, and with the best comfort conditions for it Service.

It is essential for the solution of the problem posed that the channel hydroelectric power plant, comprising adjustable in the flow at an angle to each other and connected with their end parts, adjustable buoyancy pontoons with a vent mouth, devices for adjusting the opening angle and holding the pontoons in the flow, the water intake unit connected With a pressure water conduit for supplying water to the turbine connected to the generator and located between the ends of the pontoons and a flexible elastic screen is provided with an unmotted movable deck supported by pontoons with the possibility of changing its position relative to the pontoons, the generator being mounted on the movable deck and the water intake unit being located Between the pontoons and is made in the form of a water intake pipe embedded in a rigid waterproof screen located across the flow, with the side faces of the rigid screen connected by a flexible screen with pontoons.

HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION

In Fig. 1 is a general view of the proposed hydroelectric power plant in plan; In Fig. 2 is a sectional view of AA in FIG. 1; In Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the BB in FIG. 1; In Fig. 4 pontoon with vent; In Fig. 5 hydroelectric power plant, front view in submerged working mode.

The hydroelectric power station contains pontoons 1 connected by end-ends through hinges 26, jacks 2 with rods mounted on pontoons (to change the angle of their opening to the flow); The rear and front support beams 3 and 10 for fixing thereon supporting risers 23 supporting the movable deck 5 in the above-water position; Venting necks 4, the upper ends of which are located above the surface of the reservoir, and the lower ones are connected to the cavities of the pontoons 1; Suction pipes 6 for draining waste water from hydraulic turbines 18 located in the flow between the ends of the pontoons 1; Current generators 7 with reduction gears 8 located and fixed rigidly on deck 5, the shafts of which are connected to the shafts 17 of impellers of hydraulic turbines 18; Crane equipment 9 for providing repair and auxiliary works on deck 5 of the station; Retaining ropes 11 attached from the upstream side to pontoons 1, and the other side to anchors, anchors; Ballast deck tanks 12; Electric power transformers 13; Pumping equipment 14 pumping (pumping) water into the pontoons 1 and the cooling system of the generators 7; Lifting jacks 15 of deck 5; Safety pipes 16 around shafts 17 of hydraulic turbines 18; Pressure water pipes 119 hydro turbines 18; Guide the water intake pipes 20, whose jaws on one side are fixed to the rigid shield 25 between the pontoons 1 in the lower part thereof and, on the other hand, through the through hinge joint 29, is directed to the pressure lines 19; The slide gate valves 21 regulate the water intake section; Elastic screens 22 attached on one side to the screen 25, and on the other to the pontoons 1; Hoses 27 for supplying (pumping) ballast water 28 through venting necks 4 to pontoons 1. The bottom of the river 30 and the water level 31 in it in the upper pool (WB) are shown in FIG. 5.

THE PRINCIPLE OF APPLICATION OF THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWER STATION CONSISTS OF THE FOLLOWING

A hydroelectric power station is completely installed on the shore, including the main modules delivered separately: pontoons 1 pivotally connected to the ends (can also be made in the form of a battery of sealed large diameter pipes) with calculated parameters for height, length and buoyancy (ie, width); A water intake assembly in the lower part between the pontoons 1 on the screen 25 with the guide water pipes 20 and the gate valves 21; Basic electromechanical equipment including generators 7 of a hanging type with gears 8 (or hydrogenerators without a reducer) on a movable deck 5 resting on pontoons 1 by means of supporting beams 3 and 10 and risers 23 from the upstream side and mounted at a height of not less than 2 m; Hydro turbines 18 installed in the flow at the foot of the pontoons 1 between the ends on the downstream side, the shafts 17 of which are rigidly connected to the shafts of the reduction gears 8; A device for adjusting the opening angle on the upstream side, including jacks 2 with pulling rods on both pontoons 1; A buoyancy adjustment device for pontoons 1 including pumping equipment 14 on deck 5 and hoses 27 lowered through vent holes 4 in the cavity of pontoons 1; A device for lifting the deck 5, including hinges 24 and jacks 15 mounted on risers 23.

They lower the station to water. In this case, the station is kept in the channel flow by means of anchorages (roped) from the upstream side of ropes 11 attached to the pontoons 1 by other ends. Next, the calculated angle of opening of the pontoons 1 in the flow and out of the flow through the hoses 27 is established by means of jacks 2 (due to the higher level of the upper The bottom in the pontoon cavity 1) ballast water 28 is supplied to the cavity of the pontoons 1, and the pontoons 1 and together with them the entire station is gradually submerged, while one hydroelectric unit can already operate and it is possible to use its own electric power for further diving; Ballast water from pumping equipment 14.

Thus, in the rivers that are small in flow rate and depth, the pontoons 1 "sit" on the bottom 30 curvilinear along the transverse profile. However, it should be taken into account that the depth of immersion is limited by the above-deck height and the height of the ventilation necks 4. And the deck roll 5 when landing on the bottom 30 Pontoons 1 are restored by means of jacks 15 and the main equipment of the station can again operate with an optimum efficiency.

As a result, when protecting the flow in the upper pool, a temporary reservoir is formed, its level rise should not exceed the river's flood level, and static and dynamic, the reservoirs with level 31 are triggered by hydraulic turbines. 18. In the case of a temporary change in the flow rate, the parameters of the optimal water catch are regulated by the depth of immersion Pontoons 1 by pumping (supplying) ballast water 28 in pontoons with pumping equipment 14, slide gates 21, changing the opening angle of pontoons 1 with jacks 2 and the number of simultaneously operating hydraulic units. And as a result of failure of one of the hydraulic units, during repairs and replacement of the main equipment, it can be replaced (repaired) without stopping the second hydrounit and the station ascending the deck. At the same time, the productive work time of the station increases without additional technological downtime of the two units; The comfortable conditions, the maintenance conditions of the units on the deck outside the pontoons are improving.

Thus, the claimed object reveals the following advantages: the efficiency of electric power production is increased due to smaller technological downtimes; Improves the comfort of servicing the main equipment of the station by placing the main equipment on the deck above the surface of the natural ventilation pond, a large free working space and greater safety; Great simplicity of structures and installation of the station equipment on site with the possibility of using modular delivery of the station elements and their replacement; The possibility of providing a greater depth water capture along the transverse profile of small rivers in the optimal mode of operation (in terms of efficiency) of the main equipment of the station when the pontoons are submerged on the curvilinear bottom due to the possibility of fixing the movable deck in a horizontal position.

CLAIM

A HYDROELECTRIC POWER STATION, comprising adjustable in the flow at an angle to each other and connected with their end parts, adjustable buoyancy pontoons with a venting mouth, devices for adjusting the opening angle and holding the pontoons in the flow, a water intake unit connected to a pressure water pipe for supplying water to the turbine connected to Generator and located between the ends of the pontoons, and a flexible elastic screen, characterized in that it is provided with an unmotted movable deck resting on pontoons with the possibility of changing its position relative to the pontoons, the generator being mounted on the movable deck, and the water intake unit being located between the pontoons and made in the form A water intake pipe embedded in a rigid waterproof screen located across the flow, while the side faces of the rigid screen are connected by a flexible elastic screen with pontoons.

print version
Date of publication 12.01.2007gg