INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

Geothermal power plant

Geothermal power plant

Name of the inventor: Baranov Vladimir (RU); Baranov Alexander (RU)
The name of the patentee: Baranov Vladimir (RU)
Address for correspondence:. 141005, Moscow region, Mytischi-5, P / 2, VV Baranov
Starting date of the patent: 2004.11.04

The invention relates to a power system. Power plant in the first embodiment includes termosorbtsionnye hydrogen batteries, filled with powdered metal hydride gas pipeline system, the coolant supply system, with termosorbtsionny hydrogen battery includes a heat exchanger located inside the gas collector in the form of a tube with the output connected to the system pipeline with plenum another termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery, and It contains at least two termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen accumulators, pneumatic motor, a system of supplying cooling and / or heating the coolant system discharge cooling and / or heating the coolant, and the gas collector are interconnected with pneumatic motor pipeline system in the forward and backward directions, the heat exchanger is connected to the supply system and drain the cooling system and / or heating fluid. In the second embodiment, the power plant comprises a hydraulic motor. The invention allows to increase the coefficient of heat utilization, to provide a compact installation and simplify service with the power plant is designed for continuous operation without external interference in the hydrogenation mode - dehydrogenation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a power supply for the objects and is designed to convert thermal energy available, for example, natural sources of geothermal energy into electricity.

Known power plant operating on geothermal fluid high pressure environment comprising separator primary for the separation of fluid through two channels, namely: a - high pressure steam and the other - the high-pressure fluid, the primary steam turbine in the steam channel, the secondary separator, the primary heat exchanger capacitor-evaporator steam turbine low pressure turbine organic vapor condenser, heater, pump, piping system (see. patent RU №2126098, IPC F 03 G 4/06, F 01 K 23/04, published. 10.02.1999 in BI №4). The disadvantage of this device is complex and cumbersome design, high unit costs derived electricity.

Known power plant consisting of a heat exchanger, combustion chamber temperature sensors, solar collector, condenser, piping systems, water supply systems, vacuum pump, control unit, an electric motor, the battery (see. Patent RU №2227959, IPC H 02 N 6/00 , 10/00, published. 27.04.2004 in Bulletin. №12). Working medium is water. Described power plant can reduce unit costs derived electricity by co (integrated) use of the thermal energy of natural heat sources - solar energy, geothermal energy, heat energy from the combustion of any local fuel from an external power supply with an electric heater, but it has a complex structure, it requires installation of additional devices, operating at a temperature of the coolant is not below + 65 ° ... + 70 ° C and at the same time has a low generating capacity.

Known adopted for analogue installation (see. The description of the application JP №59-78907, IPC C 01 B 3/56, B 01 D 53/14, publ. 05.08.84), comprising a cylinder with high-pressure hydrogen, two batteries of the same type termosorbtsionnye hydrogen, each of which comprises a cylindrical shell inside which integrated heat exchanger and disposed coaxially gas collector in the form of a tube with a terminal connected to the balloon system gas control valves, coolant pump pumping system, wherein the space between the cylindrical shell, plenum and heat exchanger filled alloy - metal reversible metal hydrides (e.g., alloy TiMn), which absorb hydrogen during cooling and during heating to decompose intermetallics and pressurized with hydrogen. The working body is hydrogen. The described installation is economical, however, can not provide the production of high electric power generating capacity.

Known adopted a prototype plant (see. US Patent No. 6,128,904, IPC F 01 K 25/06, 10.10.2000), containing at least two hydrogen termosorbtsionnyh batteries with heat exchangers connected through a gas collector system with pneumatic motor in forward and reverse directions, at the same time termosorbtsionnye hydrogen batteries comprise a cylindrical shell, metal hydrides, filters. Heat built inside termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen batteries. The described plant is an economical, environmentally friendly, since the working fluid is hydrogen, however, is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical work, and can not ensure obtaining electricity generating high power available from the heat source in the area (coolant).

The object of this invention to provide a high electric power generating capacity of the area available in low capacity coolant temperature from about + 30 ° ... + 100 ° C.

The expected technical result is a significant increase in the coefficient of heat use in the compactness of installation, ease of maintenance, and the power plant is designed for continuous operation without external interference in the hydrogenation mode - dehydrogenation in the pressure range of 5-100 bar.

The problem is solved as follows. The power plant comprises at least two termosorbtsionnyh batteries hydrogen with heat exchangers connected with the coolant supply system, and a plenum connected via pipeline system with pneumatic motor in forward and reverse directions, wherein the gas plenum are formed as pipes with porous walls made of metal mesh, with mesh is made stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm to 0.01 mm mesh size.

In the second embodiment, the problem is solved as follows. The power plant comprises at least two termosorbtsionnyh batteries hydrogen with heat exchangers connected with the coolant supply system, and a plenum connected via pipeline system with a motor in forward and reverse directions, wherein the gas plenum are formed as pipes with porous walls made of wire mesh, and the engine is made in with a hydraulic accumulators. In this mesh is made of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm to 0.01 mm mesh size.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Geothermal power plant. Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

1 schematically shows a power plant unit with a pneumatic motor

Geothermal power plant. Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

2 - unit power plant with hydraulic motor

Geothermal power plant. Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

3 - Power plant with several modules with a pneumatic motor

Geothermal power plant. Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

4 - power plant with several modules with hydraulic motor

Geothermal power plant. Russian Federation Patent RU2282040

5 - embodiment termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery

In the first embodiment, the power plant includes an electric generator 1, the air motor 2 and at least two similar termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen batteries 3 gas system comprising a gas lines 4a, 4b, working in the forward direction, and gas 5a, 5b, working in the reverse direction, the feed system 6 cooling and / or heating the coolant and exhaust system 7 of the cooling and / or heating fluid. Termosorbtsionny hydrogen battery 3 coaxially and tightly embedded within the heat exchanger 8 and consists of a cylindrical casing 9 is coaxially disposed within the plenum 10 of the tube and through the leads 11 is connected to the plenum 10 of another termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3 4a pipeline system, 4b, 5a, 5b with the air motor 2. The space 12 is filled with powder by metal (LaNi 5, FeTi, etc.). In this heat exchanger 8 is in the form of a cylindrical receptacle in which may be located several termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen batteries 3 and connected to the supply system 6 of the cooling and / or heating the coolant through the inlet 13 and outlet system 7 via outlet 14. The output 11 is through end cylindrical shell 9 and the walls of the heat exchanger 8. The system pipeline 4a, 4b connects the terminals 11 of the first and second termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen battery 3 through the air motor 2 in one direction, and gas system 5a, 5b in the opposite direction.

Gas plenum 10 is formed with porous permeable to hydrogen (1.5 micron pore diameter) walls but preventing the penetration of particulate metal hydride, for example, a metal mesh filter (not shown). Mesh is made of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm to 0.01 mm mesh size. All the structural elements of the heat exchanger 8 and termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3 is made of stainless steel. The elements of the heat exchanger 8 and hydrogen termosorbtsionnogo battery 3, involved in heat exchange can be performed with fins and / or baffles for better heat transfer.

The device operates as follows. Through the inlet 13 (see FIG. 1) in the first heat exchanger 8 (right) receives a heating heat carrier, for example water from a geothermal source (T = + 60 ° C) and heats the space 12 located in the metal hydride. By using specially selected alloy metal hydrogen desorption is carried out already at 30-50 ° C. On. Simultaneously, the second heat exchanger 8 (left) through the inlet 13 receives coolant from the cooling temperature, for example, T = + 15 ° C. As a result, the first battery termosorbtsionnom 3 hydrogen pure hydrogen is released, creating a pressure of about 50-100 atmospheres (depending on heating temperature), and through port 11 to the pipeline 4a with regulating valve 15 enters the air motor 2, the torque generator 1 generating electricity, then of the air motor 2 through the pipeline 4b through the control valve 16 at a pressure of about 5 atm hydrogen gas collector displaces 10 second termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3, where the cooled intermetallic absorbs hydrogen to form a metal hydride. After completion of this heating process, the coolant enters the second heat exchanger 8 (left), and heats the space 12 formed in the metal hydride, which decomposes to hydrogen and intermetallic pressurized. At the same time in the first heat exchanger 8 through the inlet 13 of the cooling heat transfer fluid flows. As a result, now in the second heat exchanger 8 is released pure hydrogen, creating a pressure of 50-100 bar, which of the gas plenum 10 5a pipeline with control valve 16 enters the air motor 2, torque generator 1, then from the air motor 2 through the pipeline 5b by the control valve 15 under the pressure of about 5 atm displaces hydrogen gas collector 10 first termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3, which absorbs hydrogen cooled intermetallic coming under pressure. Rotation of the air motor 2 is transmitted to the rotor 1, the electric generator that generates electric energy. This completes a full cycle of one unit of the power plant. When repeat cycle power plant continues to produce electrical energy, which accumulate and / or passed on to consumers. For electricity generating higher power can be used in a power plant group modules described above (see Fig. 3).

In the second embodiment (see FIG. 2) includes an electric power plant 1, hydraulic motor 17 and at least two similar termosorbtsionnyh hydrogen accumulator battery 3 and 18 gas system comprising a gas lines 4a, 4b work in a forward direction and gas lines 5a, 5b to operate in reverse, piping system 19a, 19b, 20a, 20b, the coolant supply system 6 and / or heating the coolant and exhaust system 7. Termosorbtsionny hydrogen battery 3 coaxially and tightly embedded within the heat exchanger 8 and consists of a cylindrical shell located coaxially with 9 within plenum 10 in the form of a tube connected to the plenum 10 of another termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3 through the leads 11, stacked together pipelines 4a, 4b through the accumulators 18, then through the hydraulic motor 17 in one direction of the pipelines 19a, 19b and gas lines 5a, 5b, through accumulators 18, then through the hydraulic motor 17 conduits 20a, 20b in the opposite direction. The space 12 is filled with powder by metal (LaNi 5, FeTi, etc.). In this heat exchanger 8 is in the form of a cylindrical receptacle in which may be located several termosorbtsionnyh batteries hydrogen 3, and is connected to the supply system 6 of the cooling and / or heating the coolant through the inlet 13 and the system outlet 7 through the outlet 14. The output 11 is through end cylindrical shell 9 and the wall of the heat exchanger 8.

Gas plenum 10 is formed with porous permeable to hydrogen (1.5 micron pore diameter) walls but preventing the penetration of particulate metal hydride, for example of metal mesh filter (not shown). Mesh is made of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm, a mesh size of 0.01 mm. All the structural elements of the heat exchanger 8 and termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3 is made of stainless steel. The elements of the heat exchanger 8 and hydrogen termosorbtsionnogo battery 3, involved in heat exchange can be performed with fins and / or baffles for better heat transfer. As the hydraulic accumulator 18 using piston or diaphragm accumulators.

The device operates as follows. Through the inlet 13 (see FIG. 2) in the first heat exchanger 8 (right) receives a heating heat carrier, for example water from a geothermal source (T = + 60 ° C) and heats the space 12 located in the metal hydride. By using specially selected alloy metal hydrogen desorption is carried out already at 30-50 ° C. On. Simultaneously, the second heat exchanger 8 (left) through the inlet 13 receives coolant from the cooling temperature, for example, T = + 15 ° C. As a result, the first battery termosorbtsionnom 3 hydrogen pure hydrogen is released, creating a pressure of 50-100 atm (depending on heating temperature) of the gas plenum 10 which by pipeline 4a with regulating valve 15 enters the accumulator 18, pushes the piston 21, forcing oil which through line 19a under pressure enters the hydraulic motor 17, the rotating power generator 1, and then from the hydraulic motor 17 through the line 19b enters the second accumulator 18, pushes the piston 21, displacing located in the accumulator 18 and the pipeline 4b hydrogen through the control valve 16 in the gas collector 10, from which it is absorbed by a chilled intermetallic compounds. After completion of this heating process, the coolant enters the second heat exchanger 8 (left) through the inlet 13 and heats the space 12 formed in the metal hydride, which decomposes to hydrogen and intermetallic pressurized. At the same time in the first heat exchanger 8 through the inlet 13 of the cooling heat transfer fluid flows. As a result, now in the second heat exchanger 8 pure hydrogen is released, creating about 50-100 atmospheres pressure of which gas plenum 10 through gas line 5a to the control valve 16 enters the accumulator 18, pushes the piston 21, forcing oil through the line 20a is pressurized enters the hydraulic motor 17, the rotating power generator 1, then from the hydraulic motor 17 through line 20b enters the accumulator 18 (right) and presses on the plunger 21, displacing located in the accumulator 18 and the pipeline 5b hydrogen through the control valve 15 in the gas collector 10 of which is absorbed by the cold intermetallic compounds.

This completes a full cycle of one unit of the power plant. When repeat cycle power plant continues to produce electrical energy, which is accumulated and / or transmitted to the consumer. For electricity generating higher power can be used in a power plant group modules described above (see FIG. 4).

In case of a possible use of air and / or solar energy as a heat carrier (see. 5) is embedded within the heat exchanger 8 termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery 3 and is designed as a tube.

Example. Power plant (two units) of four blocks ABC 100 termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen battery (1 unit - 150 kg, overall dimensions - 460 × 1200 × 280 mm) using a cooling coolant - water at temperature T = 20 ° C and heating the coolant temperature T = + 70 ° C, gidroakkumudyatorov volume of 2 m 3 to 50 atm. for 1 hour generates 5 kW.

The proposed power plant optimally solve the problem of converting primary energy into electrical energy. As an alternative to conventional fuels, hydrogen is used as a source of energy is not expended. Here is a direct link between the hydrogen pressure and temperature to create a compact power plant. Represented by device operating using termosorbtsionnogo hydrogen compression based on reversible metal hydrides, it is economical and effective, since hydrogen, being the working medium is not consumed in the process and power installation only needs a heat source, allowing to obtain with the electrical energy of any given generating power by using heat available in any given area of ​​environmentally friendly natural heat sources without the use of additional means and heat conversion stages into electrical energy.

CLAIM

1. Power plant, comprising at least two termosorbtsionnyh batteries hydrogen with heat exchangers connected to the system supplying the coolant and the gas plenum is connected through a system of pipelines with a pneumatic motor in forward and reverse directions, wherein the gas plenum are formed as pipes with porous walls made of metal mesh.

2. Power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh is made of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm, a mesh size of 0.01 mm.

3. Power plant, comprising at least two hydrogen batteries termosorbtsionnyh exchangers connected with the coolant supply system, and a gas plenum, through a pipeline system connected to the motor in the forward and backward direction, characterized in that the gas plenum are formed as pipes with porous walls made of metal grid, and the motor is designed as a hydraulic accumulators.

4. Power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the mesh is made of stainless steel wire with a diameter of 0.04 mm, a mesh size of 0.01 mm.

print version
Publication date 31.10.2006gg