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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2282275
thermoelectric battery
Name of the inventor: Tagir Ismailov Abdurashidovich (RU); Verdiev Mikail Gadzhimagomedovich (RU); Evdulov Oleg (RU)
The name of the patentee: Dagestan State Technical University (DSTU) (RU)
Address for correspondence: 367015, Makhachkala, etc. Imam Shamil, 70, DSTU, Intellectual Property Department.
Starting date of the patent: 2004.06.18
The invention relates to the structure of the thermoelectric battery (TEB). Technical result: an increase in the temperature difference by working in the regenerative mode. SUMMARY: TEB is composed of series-connected into the circuit through switching plates alternating branches respectively made of p-type semiconductor and n-type. Electrical connection branches is performed by contacting the p-type branch - switching plate - n-type branch, branch where the p-type contact with the end face of one surface of the circuit plate, and the n-type branch - the other. Each branch of TEB in contact with opposite end faces of the two patch plates. Switching plates have through holes formed in mutually perpendicular planes. Holes through wafers all switching electrical conduits are connected to a single channel through which coolant flows during operation of TEB. The channel is formed so that the first means of electrical conduits are connected in series to all the holes of even (odd) switching plates, and then sequentially - openings formed in odd (even) the switching plates. In the series-connected electrical insulating pipes holes in even (odd) switching plates and holes in the odd (even) switching plate has a channel region interface with the coolant from the cooling object. TEB and piping are isolated from the environment through the insulation.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a thermoelectric instrument engineering, in particular to the structure of the thermoelectric battery (TEB).
TEB is known, as described in [1]. TEB consists of series-connected in the electric circuit of semiconductor thermocouples, each of which is formed by two branches (columns, made either cylindrical or a rectangular parallelepiped), respectively made of a semiconductor p- and n-type. thermoelements branches interconnected by means of switching plates and the two switching arms (p- and n-type) for the switching plate is made to one and the same flat surface on the edges of the latter. When this thermocouple has a "U-shaped" form, where the vertical elements - p- and n-branches, and the horizontal - switching plates. The electrically series-connected switching plates thermocouples forming TEB, enclosed between two high heat insulating plates - heat transmission (usually ceramic).
The disadvantages of the known designs are: the presence of mechanical stresses caused by the bimetallic effect, significant contact of electric and thermal resistances (switching plates and heat transmission), heat gains from the hot switching plate to cool on mezhtermoelementnym gaps that reduce the efficiency of the fuel mix, but also temperature differences between the connection plates and object cooling, switching plates and teplosbrosa system.
The closest to the claimed TEB is described in [2], which consists of series-connected into the circuit through switching semiconductor thermoelements plates, each of which is formed by two branches made of a semiconductor, respectively p and n-type electrical connection is carried out by contacting the branches p-type branch - switching plate - n-type branch, branch where the p-type contact with the end face of one surface of the circuit plate, and the n-type branch - the other, with each branch contact with opposite end faces of the two patch plates.
Known TEB does not allow to achieve a significant temperature difference when using heat transfer fluids.
The task to be solved by the invention is to provide a thermoelectric battery lacking these drawbacks.
Technical result achieved using the invention is to increase the temperature difference due to operation of the thermopile in a regenerative mode.
The solution of the problem is provided in that the thermoelectric battery, consisting of successively connected into the circuit through switching semiconductor thermoelements plates, each of which is formed by two branches made of a semiconductor, respectively p and n-type electrical connection is carried out by contacting the branches branch p -type - switching plate - n-type branch, branch where the p-type contact with the end face of one surface of the circuit plate, and the n-type branch - the other, with each branch in the thermoelectric battery contact with opposite end faces of two switching plates switching plates have through holes formed in mutually perpendicular planes and connected by means of electrical conduits into a single channel through which during operation of the thermoelectric battery flowing coolant, wherein the channel is formed so that the first means of electrical conduits sequentially connected all holes in even (odd) switching plates, and then sequentially - holes in odd (even) switching plates, and between the series connected electrical insulating pipelines holes in even (odd) the switching plates and holes in odd (even) the commutation plate has a channel area interfacing with the coolant with the object of cooling, while thermoelectric battery and piping are isolated from the environment through the insulation.
The invention is illustrated by a drawing, which shows a thermoelectric battery.
TEB consists of series-connected into the circuit through switching plates 1 and 2 alternating branches respectively made of p-type semiconductor and n-3 type 4. Electrical connection branches is performed by contacting the p-type branch 3 - switching plate 1 or 2 - branch 4 n-type, wherein the p-type branch 3 is contacted with an end surface of one surface of the circuit plate, and the n-type branch 4 - on the other. Each branch of TEB in contact with opposite end faces of two switching plates 1 and 2.
Switching plates 1 and 2 have the through holes 5 and 6 respectively, formed in mutually perpendicular planes. Openings 5 and 6 of plates 1, patch 2 and through the electrical conduits 7 connected to a single channel through which coolant flows during operation of TEB. The channel is formed so that the first means of electrical conduits 7 are connected in series in all the holes 5 of switching plates 1 and then sequentially - 6 holes made in the plates 2. The switching between the series connected electrical insulating pipes 7 in the holes 5 and the switching plates 1 holes 6 in switching plates 2 there is a region with the coolant channel interface 8 with the object of cooling 9.
On the surface at the end of branches are at the beginning and end of the fuel mix, there are pads 10, through which the supply of electric power to the TEB. TEB and piping 7 from the surrounding environment are isolated by insulation 11.
TEB WORKS AS FOLLOWS
When passing through the TEB constant electric current supplied from the electrical power source (not shown) through contact pads 10, switching between the plates 1 and 2, representing contacts branches p-type and n-3 and 4, there is a temperature difference caused by the isolation and Peltier heat absorption. When an electrical current polarity indicated in the figure is a cooling plate 1 and the commutation switching the heating plates 2. In this cooling occurs when the coolant flows through a portion of the channel formed by sequentially connecting the hose 5 in the hole 7 of switching plates 1, heat dissipation from the cooling object 9 coupling region 8 and the coolant in the heating portion of the channel formed by series connected electrical insulating pipes 7 in the holes 6 of switching plates 2. Also the cooling of the heated coolant by natural or forced heat exchange with the environment through teplosbrosa system.
The claimed TEB has the following advantages compared to the existing analogue:
1. Elimination of mechanical stresses caused by the bimetallic effect and thus improving the reliability of TEB.
2. In the claimed design greatly reduces heat flows from hot to cold contact contacts the adjacent branches of the fuel and energy balance.
3. The switching from the performance of TEB plate contacts specificity are much thinner in the direction of electric current than analog, resulting in a significant reduction in their electric and thermal resistances and heat capacities, which enables to achieve a lower temperature as well. and reduces time-to-permanent working TEB mode; In addition, reduced electrical contact resistance.
4. The inventive design can be used with different lengths of the branches, allowing for more accurate matching of parameters such as current and optimum temperature differential for each pair of branches, and p-n-type, resulting in an increase in energy efficiency of TEB.
5. The improved conditions of heat exchange between the object and the cooling switching plates, and the plates and switching and the environment.
6. The proposed switching circuit coolant channel allows the use of TEB in a regenerative mode, thereby achieving its maximum cooling capacity.
LITERATURE
1. Burstein AI Physical bases of calculation of semiconductor thermoelectric devices. M .: Fizmatgiz 1962.
2. B.S.Pozdnyakov, E.A.Koptelov, thermoelectric energy, M .: Atomizdat 1974, p.88, Figure 5.13.
CLAIM
Thermoelectric battery, consisting of successively connected into the circuit through switching semiconductor thermoelements plates, each of which is formed by two branches made of a semiconductor, respectively p and n-type electrical connection branches is performed by contacting the p-type branch - switching plate - branch n -type, wherein the p-type branch of the end surface contact with one surface of the circuit plate and the n-type branch - the other, with each branch in the thermoelectric battery contact with opposite end faces of two switching plates, characterized in that the switching plate have through openings formed in mutually perpendicular planes and connected by means of electrical conduits into a single channel through which during operation of the thermoelectric battery flowing coolant, wherein the channel is formed so that the first means of electrical conduits sequentially connected all holes in even (odd) switching plates, and then sequentially - holes in odd (even) switching plates, and between the series connected electrical insulating pipelines holes in even (odd) the switching plates and holes in odd (even) the commutation plate has a channel area interfacing with the coolant with the object of cooling, with the thermoelectric battery and piping are isolated from the environment through the insulation.
print version
Publication date 07.01.2007gg
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