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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2253051
MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OF THE MECHVIK
The name of the inventor: GULIA N.V.
The name of the patentee: SEEEBA-ENERGISISTEME GMBH (DE); Gulia Nurbey Vladimirovich
Address for correspondence: 125009, Moscow, PO Box 184, PPF "YUS", Pat. VIIonov
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.01.05
The invention relates to the field of engineering and can be used as supports of fast rotating flywheels of inertial energy storage devices. The magnetic flywheel suspension contains movable magnets connected to the axis of the flywheel and fixed, connected to the body, alternating with each other with gaps, the magnets being annular with axial magnetization with poles facing in opposite directions. Movable magnets are made with the lower ends of the same polarity, and with the upper ones of opposite polarity with the adjacent ends of the fixed magnets. The flywheel axis is fixed in the fixing supports. At least one fixed magnet is provided with a reinforcement in the form of a holder made of a magnetically conductive material and forms extreme upper and lower poles of opposite polarity facing each other, and between them there are at least one fixed and two movable magnets, their poles facing Opposing sides. The technical result consists in the creation of a magnetic flywheel suspension providing minimum losses during rotation, environmental safety, and the minimum mass of magnetic material for given magnets sizes.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of engineering and can be used as supports of fast rotating flywheels of inertial energy storage devices.
There are known designs of magnetic flywheel suspensions, including both permanent magnets or magnetic systems in the form of magnets equipped with armature, and electromagnets (see Genta J., Accumulation of kinetic energy, Moscow, Mir, 1998, p.206-210, Fig.4.7, 4.9). This construction is taken for analog. The drawbacks of the analogue are the complexity and cost of electricity for powering the electromagnet.
Known is the design of a magnetic flywheel suspension containing only permanent magnets, including movable, associated with the axis of the flywheel, and fixed, connected to the body, and alternating with each other with a gap, the magnets being annular with axial magnetization, movable magnets with lower ends of the same polarity , And with the upper - opposite polarity with the adjacent ends of the fixed magnets, and the flywheel axis is fixed in the fixing supports (see Gulia NV, "Flywheel motors", M, Mechanical Engineering, 1976, p. 57, pic.38). This design is accepted as a prototype. Both in the analog and in the prototype, permanent magnets can be made with an armature, such as a yoke (collar) and a pole piece, which simplifies the device and makes them more technologically advanced. This technique is used in the vast majority of devices with magnets and is well known (see the reference book "Permanent magnets", edited by Yu.M. Piatin, ed., Energy, M., 1980, p.127).
The disadvantage of the prototype is that the magnetic lines of force of the upper and lower movable (rotating) magnets are not closed through the magnet lead and can have a harmful effect, and cause power losses when interacting with surrounding electrically conductive, and even more ferromagnetic, Supports. In addition, the mass of expensive permanent magnets is overstated here.
The task to solve the present invention is to create a magnetic flywheel suspension that is environmentally friendly, providing a reduction in power losses during rotation of the flywheel, as well as the mass of an expensive material. The technical result is to ensure the closure of the magnetic field between the extreme, upper and lower poles of the magnets, as well as in the reduction of the mass of the magnetic material for the given "calculated" dimensions of the magnets.
To achieve the technical result in solving the problem in the known magnetic suspension of the flywheel, the extreme upper and lower working poles of the magnets are fixed, and between them there are at least two movable magnets between which is placed one fixed; The number of moving magnets is generally even, and the number of fixed magnets with poles facing in opposite directions is odd, and at least one fixed suspension magnet is provided with a clip of magnetically conductive material and forms extreme upper and lower poles facing each other , While stationary magnets with poles facing in opposite directions are provided with sleeves of non-magnetic material on the outer cylindrical surfaces, and movable magnets - on the inner cylindrical surfaces, the sleeves being fastened to the magnets by any known method, the magnets themselves or these sleeves, like The mating parts of the flywheel axis and the suspension brackets are threaded, and the gaps between the interacting poles of the magnets are adjustable.
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The invention is shown in the drawing, in which the magnetic field line of the flywheel suspension is depicted. Because of the symmetry, only the right half of the device is represented. The flywheel axis 1, weighted by its gravity G (shown by the downward arrow), is fixed in the bearings 2 by means of nuts 3. On the same axis 1, mobile magnets 4 are fixed, in this case by means of sleeves 5 of non-magnetic material adhered to the inner cylindrical surface Magnets 4, sitting on the axis 1, for example, by means of a thread. Intermediate fixed magnets 6 with bushings 7 of non-magnetic material are seated, for example, on a thread in the cage 8 of a magnetically conductive material, for example electrical steel. The bushings 5 and 7 are distanced and the gaps between them are fixed by means of remote bushings 9 and 10 respectively, set and threaded. The casing 8 (yoke) on the end, in this case top, has a pole piece 11, and to the lower end of it, from the inner side, the lower fixed magnet 12 abuts. Thus, the "lower fixed magnet 12 - the clip 8 - the pole piece 11" Forms a fixed magnetic system with poles facing each other, for example, the upper (at the polepiece) N and the lower one (on the magnet) S. The magnetic system in question is similar to a permanent magnet with one of the poles (S) on the upper end of the magnet 12, And the second one (N) is on the lower end of the permanent magnet 11. It is not excluded that a magnet from a magnetically rigid material can be located on the pole piece 11 from the inner (lower) side; Then the mass of it and the lower magnet 12 can be reduced. The lines of force in this composite magnet are shown in the figure with thin arrows. This magnetic suspension design is efficient and effective only if the number of movable magnets 4 is even and there are at least two of them; The number of intermediate fixed magnets 6 is odd and at least one; A fixed magnet with an armature forming a magnetic system with poles facing each other, and at least one; Between these poles is, at a minimum, a listed set of magnets. The cage 8 with the bearings 2 rests on the housing of the flywheel 13, the bearing housings 14 and 15 being made of non-magnetic materials. |
The polarity of all the magnets is shown in the figure, in which the forces F acting on the movable magnets 4 from the stationary side are represented by the upward arrows. If the number of movable magnets is 2n (even), then the number of forces F acting on the magnets is 4n, since two forces F act on each movable magnet 4. The sum of the forces F balances the gravity of the flywheel G. In this case, n = 1 (number Pairs of movable magnets 4 is one) and 4F = G. Consequently, as a maximum, the force F of the two working poles of the magnets - movable and stationary, is four times less than the gravity G of the flywheel. If n> 1, then the interaction force of the magnets can be smaller, which can reduce the diameter of the magnets, and this at a high flywheel speed is very useful - the losses for hysteresis and Foucault currents decrease, magnets are more explosive, etc. In addition, magnets of small diameters Are more technologically advanced and can be made longer in the axial direction. This follows from the theory and calculation of magnetic suspensions, set out, for example, in the "Permanent Magnets" handbook, ed. Yu.M.Pyatina, ed. "Energy", Moscow, 1980, pp. 185-267. Permanent magnets in pendants are often replaced by magnetic systems consisting of magnets with reinforcement (the same reference book, p.159, Fig.2-24).
As you know, the suspension consisting only of permanent magnets is unstable (see the reference book) and here additional supports are required that fix the position of the axis 1. This function is performed by bearings 2 with nuts 4 and bodies 14 and 15.
Note that the developed real design of the magnetic suspension on a flywheel weighing 2000 kg contains from 4 to 10 kilograms (depending on the gap between magnets) of permanent magnets from the composition "neodymium-iron-boron".
The invention corresponds to the criterion of "industrial applicability", since it is feasible with the help of known materials, means of production and technologies.
The use of the present invention makes it possible to create a magnetic flywheel suspension that provides minimum rotation loss, environmental safety, and a minimum mass of magnetic material for a given size of the magnets.
CLAIM
1. A magnetic flywheel suspension comprising movable magnets connected to the axis of the flywheel and fixed associated with the housing alternating with each other with gaps, the magnets being annular with axial magnetization, with poles facing in opposite directions, the movable magnets being made With the lower ends of the same polarity, and with the upper polarity of opposite polarity, with the adjacent ends of the fixed magnets, and the axis of the flywheel is fixed in the fixing supports, characterized in that at least one fixed magnet is provided with a clip of magnetically conductive material and forms extreme upper and lower poles of opposite polarity , Facing each other, and between them are at least one fixed and two movable magnets, with their poles facing in opposite directions.
2. The magnetic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of fixed magnets with poles facing in opposite directions is odd.
3. The magnetic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that it is arranged to adjust the gaps between the magnets.
4. The magnetic suspension according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnets are provided with non-magnetic material bushings mounted on the movable magnets on the inner cylindrical surface, while the immovable magnets are mounted on the outer cylindrical surface, and are fixed to the magnets by any known method.
5. Magnetic suspension according to claim 4, characterized in that the bushings of the movable magnets are mounted on the flywheel axis, and the bushings of the fixed magnets are in the cradle by thread.
print version
Published on February 18, 2007
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