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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2287056

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY situ coal seams

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY situ coal seams

Name of the inventor: Puchkov Lev (RU); Vasyuchkov Yury Fedorovich (RU); Boris Vorobyov (RU)
The name of the patentee: Moscow State Mining University (Moscow State Mining University) (RU)
Address for correspondence: 119991, Moscow, Leninsky Prospect, 6, Moscow State Mining University, patent office
Starting date of the patent: 2005.05.17

Usage: refers to the mining industry and can be used to produce electrical energy in the operation of coal deposits with conditioned and substandard supplies. It allows more efficient use of energy coal and methane to reduce the emissions of gases produced by burning coal. At the same time carry out degassing and coalification formation at different sites. The product gas produced in the gasifier underground is directed to mechanical and chemical cleaning. The purified gas is treated with water in the presence of a metal carbonyl and in an alkaline medium. Further, the obtained gas is mixed with methane and direct degassing to the processing steam in the presence of a nickel catalyst. After cooling, the mixture gas flows into the filter with calcium oxide and then parogazoturbogenerator where electrical energy is generated.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to produce electrical energy in the operation of coal deposits with conditioned and substandard stock at a high enough their gas content (more than 8-10 m 3 / t).

Known method of coal gasification, followed by power generation, comprising: obtaining a synthesized generator gas and methane, which are energy sources for generating electricity [1].

The disadvantage of this method is that the energy source contains a significant amount of carbon dioxide that reduces its energy value.

A method of producing electricity in situ coal seams, which includes the drilling of injection and hot gas wells degassing reservoir by the suction of methane through the hole in one section of the formation with simultaneous uglegazifikatsiey underground gas generator on another site formation, mechanical and chemical cleaning of the generator gas, a mixture of purified gas degassing and production of methane gas and steam turbine power generator in a combined cycle [2].

The disadvantages of this method are:

  • low calorific value fuel gas directed into the gas-vapor turbine;
  • emission of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere;
  • venting carbon dioxide;
  • low level of useful energy of coal in place of its occurrence;
  • lack of an integrated use of the resulting gaseous fuel.

The object of the invention is a more efficient use of energy and coal methane contained in it, due to the removal of a mixture of generating gas and non-flammable methane degassing components, and a significant reduction in emissions of gases produced by burning coal.

This is achieved by a method for generating electricity in situ coal seams involves drilling injection and hot gas wells degassing reservoir by suction methane through the wellbore at a portion of the formation with simultaneous uglegazifikatsiey underground gasifier on another location of the formation, the mechanical and chemical cleaning of gas generator , mixing the purified gas with a degassing methane and electric power generation in gas and steam turbine generator, from the purified gas generator produce hydrogen in an alkaline medium and in the presence of a metal carbonyl in a low temperature hydrogen reactor, then the resulting mixture at the outlet of the reactor is enriched degassing methane followed by treatment of the mixture with water steam at a temperature of 800-900 ° C and in the presence of a nickel catalyst in a high temperature reactor, the hydrogen, after which the gas mixture is cooled in a heat exchanger, passed through a filter with calcium oxide and sent to the gas and steam turbine generator, which is fed through the mixer of steam heat exchangers.

In addition, to increase the combustion heat of the gas mixture obtained at the filter output, it is heated to a temperature of 1800-1900 ° C to yield ammonia and subsequent disposal.

The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of generation of electrical energy on the site of occurrence of coal seams.

METHOD FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICITY situ coal seams. Russian Federation Patent RU2287056

A method of producing electricity at the site of occurrence of coal seams as follows.

At one site bearing coal seams performed with suction degassing methane via the borehole 1 drilled from the surface, and another portion of the coal gasification is carried out simultaneously in the underground gasifier. The process of underground gasification is carried out through injection The exhaust gas 2 and 3 wells. The crude product gas (CHS), having a temperature of 1000-1500 ° C, cooled to an atmospheric temperature of 15-25 ° C through the heat exchanger 4 and sent to the mechanical cleaning of mineral impurities in the cyclone 5. Further chemical treatment is carried out in the gas generator two stages: obtaining hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in the reactor 6 at a temperature of 150-200 ° C by reaction:

and recovering sulfur from hydrogen sulphide by cooling it in heat exchanger 7 and the compound with an acidic liquid in the absorber 8. The gas generator at a temperature of 30-40 ° C is sent to the low-temperature hydrogen reactor (HBP) 9, which in the alkaline environment in the presence of carbonyl metal [M (CO) ] Is a reaction of carbon monoxide with water:

Then the obtained mixture is carried out with a degassing methane gas by connecting the output line to the methane reactor HBP 9, wherein the mixture contains the following components: N 2, H 2, CH 4 and CO 2.

For transformation of methane to hydrogen the mixture was subjected to steam at a temperature of 800-900 ° C in the presence of a nickel catalyst in a high hydrogen reactor (BBP) 10, in which the reaction takes place:

At the exit 10 occurs WWR mixture consisting of N 2, H 2 and CO 2, which is cooled to a temperature of 20-30 ° C in exchanger 11. The resulting mixture at a temperature of 20-30 ° C is sent to a filter 12 with calcium oxide (quicklime lime), in which the absorption reaction of carbon dioxide and calcium carbonate formation:

that goes to waste.

From the heat exchanger 4, 7, 11, steam enters the mixer 13 and further to the steam turbine generator 14 to produce electricity. The gas mixture from the outlet of the filter 12 is composed of hydrogen (80%) and nitrogen (less than 20%) is sent to a turbine generator 15, forming a steam turbine generator 14 power unit 16. Hydrogen energy source has a high calorific value, which can significantly increase the production electricity.

For purification of hydrogen-nitrogen mixture with nitrogen output from filter 12 it is directed to the reactor-heater (RN) 17, which under the influence of a temperature of 1800-1900 ° C, the reaction to ammonia:

To remove ammonia from mixtures with hydrogen cooled to a temperature of 20-30 ° C by the waste heat of the refrigerator (HU) 18 and directed to the reactor 19 where ammonia in the presence of water passes into the aqueous ammonia (ammonia) by the reaction:

that goes to recycling. The hydrogen produced from reactor 19 is sent to a turbine 15 and a generator on chemical reactions in reactors 6 and 17.

Thus, the described method allows more efficient use of the natural energy of coal and methane contained therein, from 8-10 to 27-30%, and and to reduce noxious emissions and greenhouse gases (NO x, SO x, CO 2 and CH 4) in the atmosphere to international environmental standards.

INFORMATION SOURCES

  1. SU, №1800010 on pl. E 21 43/295. Bull. №9 from 07.09.93.
  2. RF Patent №2100588 on pl. E 21 43/295. Bull. №36 from 12.27.97 (prototype).

CLAIM

  1. A method of producing electricity in situ coal seams, which includes the drilling of injection and hot gas wells degassing reservoir by the suction of methane through the hole in one section of the formation with simultaneous uglegazifikatsiey underground gas generator on another site formation, mechanical and chemical cleaning of the generator gas, a mixture of purified gas from the degassing methane and electric power generation in gas and steam turbine generator, characterized in that from the purified gas generator produce hydrogen in an alkaline environment and the presence of metal carbonyl in a low temperature hydrogen reactor, then the resulting mixture at the outlet of the reactor is enriched degassing methane followed by treatment of the mixture with water vapor at a temperature 800-900 ° C and in the presence of a nickel catalyst in a high temperature reactor, the hydrogen, after which the gas mixture is cooled in a heat exchanger, passed through a filter with calcium oxide and sent to the gas and steam turbine generator, which is fed through the mixer of steam heat exchangers.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that to increase the calorific value of the gas mixture obtained at the filter output, it is heated to a temperature of 1800-1900 ° C to yield ammonia and subsequent disposal.

print version
Publication date 23.11.2006gg