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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2280777

ENERGY INSTALLATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS PROCESSING
THERMAL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY

The name of the inventor: Saidanov Victor Olegovich (RU); Agafonov Alexander Nikolaevich (RU); Antipov, Mikhail Alexandrovich (RU); Oleinik Nikolai Ivanovich (RU)
The name of the patent holder: Limited Liability Company "Energy Center" President-Neva "(RU)
Address for correspondence: 191040, St. Petersburg, PO Box 40, O.L. Sandigur
Date of commencement of the patent: 2005.01.18

The invention relates to machine building, in particular, to installations for autonomous electric and heat supply to consumers of facilities where there is no possibility of supplying heat and electric energy from the external power system. In the power plant for the joint generation of electric and thermal energy, comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine having systems of: cooling the engine oil, cooling the cylinder block, pressurization, gas blowers, each system has a heat exchanger heat exchanger, the engine oil cooling system Is connected between the first output of the engine and its first input, the cooling system of the cylinder block is turned on between the second output and the second input of the engine, the boost system is connected to the third input of the engine, and the gas-sluice system is connected to the third engine output, heat exchangers- heat recovery systems of the pressurization system and engine cooling system The oils are sequentially included in the cooling system of the engine block into which a thermoregulating valve having one inlet and two outlets is connected between the second engine outlet and its heat exchanger heat exchanger, with the inlet of the thermostatic valve connected to the second output of the motor and its first output connected to a heat exchanger -the heat exchanger of the cooling system of the cylinder block, the unit being provided with an additional heat exchanger connected between the heat exchangers-heat exchangers of the boost system and the cooling system of the cylinder block, a circulating pump is connected between the additional heat exchanger and the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the heat of the pressurization system, with the heat exchanger-heat recovery system The output of the circulation pump is connected to the supercharger, and its input is connected to the additional heat exchanger to which the second outlet of the thermostatic valve is connected, the additional heat exchanger being provided with a forced cooling system with a drive equipped with a control unit connected to the cylinder cooling system temperature sensor. The invention provides the necessary heat removal from the ICE under any operating conditions and increasing the efficiency and reliability of the installation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to machine building, in particular, to installations for autonomous electric and heat supply to consumers of facilities where there is no possibility of supplying heat and electric energy from the external power system.

A power plant for the joint generation of electric and thermal energy is known, comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine (ICE) having a gas-sluice system in which an exhaust heat exchanger (SU 1760147 A1) is installed .

The disadvantage of this installation is its low cost-effectiveness, since it does not utilize the heat removed from the engine oil, the coolant of the cylinder block and the charge air.

A power plant for the joint generation of electric and heat energy is known, comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine having gas cylinder cooling and cooling systems of a cylinder block in which waste heat exchangers and coolant heat exchangers are installed (SU 1560763 A1) .

The disadvantage of the known installation is its low economy, in view of the fact that it does not utilize the heat removed from the engine oil and air.

A power plant for the joint generation of electric and heat energy is also known, comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine having the following systems: cooling the engine oil, cooling the cylinder block, pressurisation, and gas blowers in which heat exchanger heat exchangers are installed, the engine oil cooling system being turned on Between the engine output and its input, the cooling system of the cylinder block is connected between the other output and the other input of the engine, the boost system is connected to the next input of the engine, and the gas-slope system is connected to the next engine output (RU 2171913) .

This technical solution is taken as a prototype of the present invention.

The known installation does not provide sufficient cooling of the cylinder block of the internal combustion engine, charge air and engine oil due to the lack of an appropriate heat sink at high temperatures or low heat carrier costs of the external heat network of consumers of heat. As a result, there is overheating of the internal combustion engine and, accordingly, the efficiency of energy production and the reliability of the installation are reduced.

The present invention is based on the solution of the problem of providing the necessary heat removal from the ICE under any operating conditions and thereby increasing the efficiency and reliability of the installation.

According to the invention, this object is achieved due to the fact that in a power plant for co-generation of electric and thermal energy comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine having systems of: cooling the engine oil, cooling the cylinder block, pressurization, gas blowers, each system has a heat exchanger A heat recovery system, wherein the engine oil cooling system is turned on between the first engine output and its first inlet, the cooling system of the cylinder block is turned on between the second output and the second input of the engine, the boost system is connected to the third input of the engine, and the gas-sluice system is connected to the third engine output, Heat exchangers heat exchanger systems and engine oil cooling systems are sequentially included in the engine cooling system of the engine in which a thermoregulating valve having one input and two outputs is connected between the second engine output and its heat exchanger heat exchanger, with the input to the second output of the motor Thermostatic valve, and its first output is connected to the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the cooling system of the cylinder block, the unit is provided with an additional heat exchanger included between the heat exchangers heat exchangers of the pressurization system and the cooling system of the cylinder block, between the additional heat exchanger and the heat exchanger-heat exchanger A circulation pump is connected to the heat exchanger heat exchanger of the charging system, and the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the additional heat exchanger, to which the second outlet of the thermostatic valve is connected, the additional heat exchanger being provided with a forced cooling system with a drive equipped with a control unit connected to the sensor Temperature of the cooling system of the cylinder block.

Applicant has not identified technical solutions identical to the claimed invention, which allows to make a conclusion about its compliance with the criterion of "novelty". Due to the implementation of the distinctive features of the invention, the power plant acquires an important new property, which consists in establishing a strict interrelation between the degree of cooling of the engine cylinder, engine oil and charge air with the flow and temperature of the heat carrier of the external heat network of consumers of heat. As a result, the overheating of the internal combustion engine is eliminated and, accordingly, the efficiency of power generation and the reliability of the installation are increased. The applicant did not find any sources of information containing information on the effect of the claimed distinctive features on the technical result achieved as a result of their implementation. This, in the applicant's opinion, indicates the compliance of this technical solution with the criterion of "inventive level".

The power plant for co-generation of electric and heat energy comprises an electric generator 1 with a drive 2 that connects it to an internal combustion engine 3, for example a diesel engine. The engine 3 has the following systems: engine oil cooling, cylinder block cooling, pressurisation and gas exhaust; The engine oil cooling system has a heat exchanger heat exchanger 4, the cooling system of the diesel engine block has a heat exchanger-heat exchanger 5; The supercharging system has a heat exchanger-heat exchanger 6 with an air inlet 7, the gas-slope system has a heat exchanger-heat exchanger 8; The engine oil cooling system is turned on between the first output of the engine 3 and its first input; The engine block cooling system is turned on between the second output and the second input of the engine; The supercharging system is connected to the third input of the engine, and the gas-slope system is connected to the third output of the engine; Heat exchanger heat exchangers 4 and 6, respectively, boost systems and engine oil cooling systems are sequentially included in the engine block cooling system, in which a thermostatic valve 9 is connected between the second engine outlet and its heat exchanger heat exchanger 9, which has one inlet and two Output; The input of the thermostatic valve 9 is connected to the second output of the engine 3, and its first output is connected to the heat exchanger 5; The unit is provided with an additional heat exchanger 10 connected between the heat exchangers-heat exchangers 6 and 5 of the systems of pressurization and cooling of the cylinder block; Between the additional heat exchanger 10 and the heat exchanger-heat exchanger 6 of the charging system, a circulation pump 11 is activated, with the output of the circulation pump 11 connected to the heat exchanger 6 and the input of the pump 11 to the heat exchanger 10; A second outlet of the thermostatic valve 9 is connected to this input. The heat exchanger 10 is provided with a forced cooling system; In a particular example, this system includes a fan 12 with a drive motor 13; The motor 13 is provided with a control unit 14 which is an on / off mechanism electrically connected to the motor, for example a relay; The unit 14 is connected to the cylinder temperature sensor 15. In the gas-sluice system between the engine 3 and the heat exchanger-heat exchanger 8 there is a shut-off and regulating organ (SRF) 16. Emission of exhaust gases from the engine to the atmosphere is carried out through the SRF 17. Electric power consumers are connected to the generator 1 through the switching device 18.

INSTALLATION WORKS AS FOLLOWING

There are three modes of operation:

1) the mode of starting and warming up the engine;

2) the mode of joint generation of electric and heat energy for the needs of consumers;

3) a mode of development of electric energy with removal of heat of charge air, engine oil, a cooling liquid of the block of cylinders through an additional heat exchanger in an environment.

Mode of operation №1
When the engine is started and warmed up, the switching device 18 is turned off and the generator 1 does not generate electrical energy. At the same time, ZRO 16 is closed and ZRO 17 is opened, and the exhaust gases of engine 3 are discharged into the atmosphere. In the cooling system of the cylinder block, the first and correspondingly open the second outlet of the thermostatic valve 9 and the entire liquid of the cooling system of the cylinder block after the engine is supplied to the input of the circulation pump 11 which feeds it through the heat exchanger-heat exchangers 6 and 4 connected in series to the engine input, Heat exchanger-utilizer 5 is disconnected from the external heat network of consumers of heat. After the temperature reaches the lower limit value set by the manufacturer (for example, 75 ° C) at the output of the engine, the plant goes into operating mode No. 2.

Mode of operation №2
The switching device 18 is turned on, the generator 1 generates electrical energy for powering the consumers. ZRO 17 is closed and ZRO 16 is open and exhaust gases of engine 3 are supplied to heat exchanger-heat exchanger 8. In the cooling system of the cylinder block, the second and the first outlet of the thermostatic valve 9 is closed, and the entire cooling system of the cylinder block after the engine is fed to the inlet of the thermostatic Valve 10, which respectively closes the first and the second outlet, through which the liquid enters the heat exchanger-heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled, heating the heat carrier of the external heat network of the consumer of heat. The cooled liquid by the pump 11 is fed successively to an additional heat exchanger 10, the forced cooling system is switched off and the heat exchangers-heat exchangers 6 and 4, which cools the incoming engine oil through the air intake 7 and compressed air (not shown) Which is fed to the engine input 3. Heat exchanger-utilizer 5 is connected to the external heat network of consumers of heat. In this case, the "cold" heat transfer medium of the external heat network passes successively through heat exchangers 5 and 8, where it is heated to the design temperature of the heat network, cooling the cooling system of the cylinder block and the engine exhaust gases 3, which after cooling are released into the atmosphere. Thus, the unit generates heat energy for consumers of heat. If the design mode of operation of heat consumers decreases (when the heat output decreases), when the flow rate or the coolant temperature of the external heat network increases, to values ​​that do not provide a normal cooling of the cooling fluid of the cooling system of the cylinder block, the temperature of the liquid at the output of engine 3 begins to increase. Output from the motor of the upper limit value set by the manufacturer (for example, 95 ° C), the plant goes into operating mode No. 3.

Mode of operation number 3. The switching device 16 is turned on, the generator 1 generates electrical energy for powering the consumers. ZRO 16 is closed, and ZRO 17 is open and engine exhaust gases 3 are discharged into the atmosphere. In the cooling system of the cylinder block, the second outlet of the thermostatic valve 9 is closed, and the first outlet of the thermostatic valve 9 is closed, and all the liquid after the engine enters the heat exchanger-utilizer 5, where it does not cool down to the design temperature due to a decrease in the flow rate or coolant temperature of the external heat network of consumers of heat. Thus, the temperature of the liquid at the output of the engine rises.

When the temperature reaches the upper limit value set by the manufacturer (for example, 95 ° C), the sensor 15 is triggered, which sends a signal to the control unit 14 which turns on the motor 13 of the fan 12. The fan 12 cools the cooling fluid of the cylinder block cooling system Passing through the heat exchanger 10 to the design temperature and thereby reducing the temperature of the liquid at the outlet from the internal combustion engine 3. After the temperature of the liquid at the engine outlet is lower than the upper limit set by the manufacturer, the plant goes into operating mode No. 2.

CLAIM

A power plant for co-generation of electric and heat energy, comprising an electric generator driven by an internal combustion engine having engine oil cooling systems, cooling of the cylinder block, pressurization, gas blowers, each system has a heat exchanger-heat exchanger, The first engine output and its first input, the cooling system of the cylinder block is connected between the second output and the second input of the engine, the boost system is connected to the third input of the engine, and the gas-sluice system is connected to the third output of the engine, characterized in that the heat exchangers heat exchangers of the boost system and the system Cooling engine oil are sequentially included in the cooling system of the engine block into which a thermoregulating valve having one inlet and two outlets is connected between the second engine output and its heat exchanger heat exchanger, with the inlet of the thermostatic valve connected to the second output of the motor and its first output connected With the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the cooling system of the cylinder block, the unit is equipped with an additional heat exchanger connected between the heat exchangers-heat exchangers of the boost system and the cooling system of the cylinder block, a circulating pump is connected between the additional heat exchanger and the heat exchanger-heat exchanger of the heat of the pressurization system, The heat of the pressurization system is connected to the output of the circulation pump, and its input is connected to the additional heat exchanger, to which the second outlet of the thermostatic valve is connected, the additional heat exchanger being provided with a forced cooling system with a drive equipped with a control unit connected to a cylinder cooling system temperature sensor.

print version
Date of publication 23.12.2006гг

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