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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2148886
GENERATOR INSTALLATION
The name of the inventor: Grigorchuk Vladimir Stepanovich
The name of the patent holder: Grigorchuk Vladimir Stepanovich
Address for correspondence: 193036, St. Petersburg, ul. 6th Soviet 25/20, apt. 5, Grigorchuk VS
Date of commencement of the patent: 1998.09.21
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and concerns the features of the design of generator sets driven by thermal motors. The technical problem, the solution of which is directed to this invention, is to improve the performance of generating sets. The essence of the invention consists in that the proposed generating set comprising a frame on which the power plant is located, a generator, a control panel characterized in that the power plant is in the form of a pneumostatic motor comprising a sealed housing inside which a rotor is mounted on bearings; With inlet, outlet and safety valves and is closed on both sides with covers, the front one of which is formed with a cylindrical part and has a hollow deafened bowl which is the front support of the rotor and which enters together with the excitation coil of the generator into the front end channel of the rotor located inside the housing and having special Channels, in the front part of the rotor are mounted permanent magnets in the form of round combs, the teeth of one of which enter the gaps between the teeth of the other, and the stator of the generator is placed on the cylindrical part of the front cover; moreover, the internal cavity of the housing of the pneumostatic motor is connected to the air pump of the piston Type, having a manual drive.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can find application as an electric current source.
A TGK-3 thermogen generator containing a 20-line kerosene lamp, a heat-transfer device, two thermobattery blocks, an exhaust pipe, cooling fins is known. The voltage of the anode battery is 2 V, the current of the anode battery is 2 A, the voltage of the heating battery is 2 V, the current of the filament battery is 0.5 A, the kerosene consumption is 60 to 70 g / h. AAKulikovsky, ed. 3, State Energy Publishing House, M.-L., 1961, p. 318-319, Fig. 16 - 1).
The disadvantages of the well-known TGK-3 thermo generator are small current and voltage, low efficiency, large thermal losses, environmental pollution by combustion products.
These drawbacks are due to the design of the generator.
The DGA-100-2 diesel generator set is also known, containing a frame on which a diesel engine with a fuel tank is mounted, mechanically connected to a generator having an exciter, a control panel. The speed of the diesel engine is 1500, the power of the diesel generator is 100 kW, the type of current is variable, voltage 230 and 400 V / State Committee of the Council of Ministers of the USSR on Automation and Mechanical Engineering, 1 series, Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Diesel Engineering, TsBTI, Moscow, 1961, p. . 71 - 76, Fig. 10/.
The known diesel-generator set DGA-100-2, as the closest in technical essence and achieved useful result, is accepted for the prototype.
The drawbacks of the known diesel-generator set DGA-100-2, adopted for the prototype, are the use of organic fuel, engine noise, thermal losses in the engine, environmental pollution by exhaust gases.
These drawbacks are due to the design of the diesel generator set.
The purpose of the present invention is to improve the performance of the generating set.
Said goal according to the invention is ensured by the fact that a diesel engine with a fuel tank is replaced by a pneumostatic engine comprising a hermetic casing within which a rotor is formed on the bearings in the form of a cylindrical body and containing damp channels of rectangular or circular cross section open from the axis of rotation Rows along the longitudinal axis of the rotor, each row having two channels that are 180 degrees apart relative to each other, in addition, the plane of the bottom of each pair of channels is at an angle to the line passing through the center of rotation and separating the two oppositely directed channels, The front part of the rotor is equipped with permanent magnets in the form of round combs, the teeth of one of which enter the gaps between the teeth of the other, and the body of the pneumostatic engine is made with inlet, outlet and safety valves and closed on both sides with covers, the front of which is made with a cylindrical part and has A hollow hollow beaker which is the front support of the rotor and which enters together with the exciter coil of the generator into the front end channel of the rotor, the stator of the generator being applied to the cylindrical part of the front cover, the air pump of a piston type with a manual drive which is connected to the internal cavity of the housing of the pneumostatic motor, Whose working body is compressed air.
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BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows the general view of the generating set; In Fig. 2 - view of the generating set on the left; In Fig. 3 - view of the generator set from above; In Fig. 4 - view of the generating set on the right; In Fig. 5- longitudinal section of the pneumostatic motor; In Fig. 6 - general view of the rotor of the pneumostatic motor; In Fig. 7 is a section along AA of FIG. 6; In Fig. 8 and 9 - a diagram of the forces acting on the side walls of the channels of the rotor; In Fig. 10 is a diagram for creating a torque on the rotor of a pneumostatic motor; In Fig. 11 - longitudinal section of the air pump with manual drive; In Fig. 12 - general view of the stator of the electric current generator; In Fig. 13 is a section along AA of FIG. 12; In Fig. 14 is an electrical circuit of an electric current generator.
The proposed portable generator set comprises a frame 1 with handles 2 on which a pneumostatic motor 3 with a stator of the generator 4 is fixed, an air pump 5 with a manual drive and a control panel 6. The pneumatic motor comprises a housing 7 with a lower support plate 8 having holes for fastening, A back cover 9 and a front cover 10 made of an aluminum alloy or other non-magnetic material. The front cover of the spherical shape is formed with a cylindrical part and has in the end part a hollow deaf cup 11 into which the excitation coil 12 of the electric current generator is inserted which is the front support of the rotor installed inside the housing having an inlet 13, outlet 14, safety valve 15 and a pressure gauge 16 The covers are sealed with gaskets 17. A stator of the electric current generator is attached to and fixed to the cylindrical part of the front cover. It contains a round case 18 with a hole in the center, covered with a lid 19, and having an opening in the center. Inside the case, a magnetic circuit 20 is mounted on which coils 21 are connected, connected in series and connected to the input of a relay-controller 22 whose output is connected to the input of a rectifier 23. The output of the rectifier is connected to the DC terminals 24 to which the excitation coil . The terminals 25 of single-phase alternating current are connected to the output of the relay-controller. The rotor of the pneumostatic motor, made of both an aluminum alloy or other non-magnetic material, is in the form of a cylindrical body 26 having a bearing 27 in the rear portion. In the front part of the rotor, having an end opening 28, two permanent magnets 29 and 30 are built in the form of round combs, the teeth of one of which enter the gaps between the teeth of the other. The rotor contains damp channels 31 and 32 open in the direction of the axis of rotation, of rectangular or circular cross-section, arranged in rows along the longitudinal axis of the rotor, each row having two channels each rotated 180 degrees apart. At the bottom of each channel, the triangular liners 34 are fixed with bolts 33 so that the plane of the bottom of each pair of channels is at an angle to the line passing through the center of rotation and separating the two oppositely directed channels. Bolts of fastening of loose leaves are filled in with epoxy resin. The air pump comprises a housing 35 in which cylinders 36 and 37 are provided with pistons 38 and 39 inserted inside them which are connected to each other by a rod 40 having a pin 41 connected to a plug 42 fixed to a shaft 43 having a handle 44.
The cylinders are closed by covers 45 and 46 having inlet valves 47 and 48 loaded with springs. The internal cavities of the cylinders, through the exhaust valves 49 and 50, the channels 51 are connected to a nozzle 52, which is connected via a conduit 53 to an internal cavity of the pneumostatic motor via the intake valve on the engine casing. At the bottom, the body of the pneumatic pump has a base plate 54 with holes for fastening. The control panel includes a relay-controller, rectifier device, measuring devices, switches, fuses.
Generator Set Operation
Before starting the generator set, it is necessary to inspect it and make sure that all the nodes are in good order. To start the generating set, it is necessary, through the pneumatic pump 5, to supply compressed air through the pipeline 53 to the inside of the engine casing 7 and bring its pressure to 25-30 kg / cm 2 by moving the handle 44 to the right and to the left. In this case, the shaft 43 oscillates and through the plug 42, the pin 41 and the rod 40 causes the pistons 38 and 39 to move alternately one way and the other. The air is sucked through the intake valves 47 and 48, and through the exhaust valves 49 and 50 is injected into the engine casing. As soon as the air pressure has reached the required value (determined by the pressure gauge 16), the rotor of the pneumostatic motor will rotate. The rotating torque is formed on the rotor as follows. Compressed air enters channels 31 and 32. The buoyancy force of Archimedes acting in gases and, like in liquids, pressurizes the side walls and bottom of each of the channels 31 and 32. Since the areas of the opposite walls are equal to l = l 1 ; L 2 = l 3 ; L 4 = l 5 , then the forces acting on these side walls are equal and counterbalance each other F = F 1 ; F 2 = F 3 ; F 4 = F 5 (Figures 8 and 9). Forces F p and F p1 acting on the bottom of each of the channels are not balanced in any way and form the arms of forces l 6 and l 7 applied to the rotor on opposite sides of the rotational axis in opposite directions. These forces cause rotation of the motor rotor. External forces F n acting on the outer surface of the rotor do not interfere with the rotation of the rotor and do not create additional torque, since the vectors of action of these forces pass through the axis of rotation, forming no arms (Figure 10). Rotor speed and engine power are determined by the pressure of compressed air, the number of channels and their dimensions. As the rotor rotates, the magnets 29 and 30 rotate together with it, the magnetic field of which periodically moves in opposite directions along the magnetic circuit 20 and crosses the coils of the coils 21, inducing an alternating single-phase current therein. The received current goes to the input of the relay-regulator 22, where its parameters are maintained depending on the rotor speed. The alternating current is then fed to rectifier 23, where it is rectified and supplied to terminals 24 by the consumer. From the same terminals, part of the DC current is removed and fed to the excitation coil 12. As the current passes through the excitation coil, a constant magnetic field around it forms, which enhances the action of the magnetic fields of permanent magnets 29 and 30 mounted on the rotor. Reducing or increasing the current applied to the excitation coil reduces or increases the current generated by the generator (in the figure, the current regulation of the generator is not shown). If the consumer needs a variable single-phase current, the connection is made to terminals 25. When a compressed air leak through the gaskets 17, it must be replenished by means of a pneumatic pump 5. To reduce the rotor speed or stop the engine, press the exhaust valve 14 and release compressed air into the atmosphere from The cavity of the body of the pneumostatic motor partially or completely. To increase the rotation speed of the rotor, it is necessary to increase the amount of air supplied to the motor housing, increasing the pressure accordingly. When the normal air pressure in the engine body is exceeded, excess air is discharged through the safety valve 15. The generator set is controlled by the remote control 6.
The proposed portable generator set can be used in rural areas, in geological lots, in hard-to-reach places, where fuel delivery for lighting or charging of batteries is difficult.
The positive effect of the proposed invention: simplicity of design, quick start and stop, does not require organic fuel and does not pollute the environment with exhaust gases.
CLAIM
1. A generator installation comprising a frame on which an energy installation, a generator, a control panel are located, characterized in that the power plant is in the form of a pneumostatic motor comprising a sealed housing inside which a rotor is mounted on the bearings, the housing is made with an inlet, outlet and safety Valves and is closed on both sides with covers, the front one of which is formed with a cylindrical part and has a hollow beaker which is the front support of the rotor and which enters together with the excitation coil of the generator into the front end channel of the rotor located inside the housing and having special channels to the front part of the rotor Fixed magnets in the form of round combs, the teeth of one of which enter the gaps between the teeth of the other, the stator of the generator is placed on the cylindrical part of the front cover, and the internal cavity of the housing of the pneumostatic motor is connected to the air pump of a piston type having a manual drive.
2. Generator set according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor of the pneumostatic motor is in the form of a cylindrical body and comprises blind, opening to the side of the axis of rotation, channels of rectangular or circular cross-section arranged in rows along the longitudinal axis of the rotor, Two channels each rotated 180 ° relative to each other, in addition, the plane of the bottom of each pair of channels is located at an angle to the line passing through the center of rotation and separating the two oppositely directed channels.
3. Generator set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that compressed air is used as a working fluid in a pneumostatic engine.
print version
Date of publication 13.01.2007gg
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