| Start of section
Production, amateur Radio amateurs Aircraft model, rocket-model Useful, entertaining |
Stealth Master
Electronics Physics Technologies Inventions |
Secrets of the cosmos
Secrets of the Earth Secrets of the Ocean Tricks Map of section |
  |
| Use of the site materials is allowed subject to the link (for websites - hyperlinks) | |||
Navigation: => |
Home / Patent catalog / Catalog section / Back / |
|
INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2118876
KINETIC BATTERY
The name of the inventor: Vlasov VI
The name of the patent holder: Joint-stock company "Novolipetsk Iron & Steel Works"
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1996.12.24
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering and electric power engineering, it allows to increase technical and economic indicators of energy conversion and to provide guaranteed energy supply to consumers. A distinctive feature of the proposal is that in a sealed enclosure in which a deep vacuum is created, a radially axial self-centering with the stops of the axial and radial displacement of the magnetic support, which serves simultaneously the hub of the superframe superwoven, the wound and high-strength threads, is mounted vertically by the pole-pole armature of the disk unipolar electromagnetic Excitation with central and peripheral thermoelectric power controlled current collectors. The self-centering of the rotor is provided by the cone-shaped form of the magnetic support; the axial and radial displacement limiters are designed as bearing-thrust bearings based on solid self-lubricating materials, the anode of the central thermoemission current collector is cooled, and the heated cathodes with grid control of the peripheral current collectors and the excitation coil are separated by a cooled screen. This design provides charging and discharging modes, as well as the necessary duration of energy storage in the standby mode with maximum specific energy intensity and economy.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of electric power engineering and can be used in systems of guaranteed power supply.
Kinetic electric energy accumulators (KAEE) are known that contain a flywheel that stores energy during the charging cycle and gives it off in a discharge cycle, an electric motor, a generator, a control system and a reducer.
CEE can be performed by:
1) with a DC machine (MPT);
2) with an asynchronous motor (AD) and a synchronous generator (SG).
3) with an asynchronous motor-generator with a squirrel-cage rotor (ADG);
4) with an asynchronized synchronous generator (ASG);
5) with a valve motor generator (VDG).
Essential disadvantages:
1) the structure of the SEE with the MPT is the limitation of the maximum circumferential velocity of the MAT collector, which should not exceed 50-60 m / s (see, for example, Isaev VS, Kovtun VP The nature of the friction surface of copper in electric sliding contact Electrical Engineering, No. 8, 1976);
2) SEE with AD and SG are structurally complex, consume a lot of energy during acceleration, from which 50-60% is converted into heat;
3) the main difficulty in the development of a CAE with ADH is the problem of regulating the voltage of an asynchronous generator in a wide range of changes in the rotational speed;
4) SEE based on ASG have structural complexity, limited range of the flywheel speed, presence of contact rings;
5) SEE with VDG on the basis of synchronous machines and require the presence of a complex and unreliable three-phase full-wave inverter for frequency-current control that does not exclude energy losses in the charging and standby modes, tachogenerator or rotor position sensor and voltage regulator, and the development of asynchronous EDC is generally impractical For the complexity of voltage regulation.
Therefore, the issues related to the development of KAEE and, in the first place, the issues of rational conversion of electrical energy to mechanical and backward, with respect to power supply systems with a flywheel remain open (see, for example, Ledovsky, AN, Litvinov, II, Novikov, ME, Timofeeva A Problems of creating kinetic accumulators of electric energy, Electricity, No. 3, 1978).
There are also known CAEEs containing a unipolar DC machine with a flywheel to supply an inductive energy store, which can be taken as a prototype (see, for example, Unipolar Electric Machines, Conference Reports, Moscow, March 1969, p. 8).
But such KAEE are low-voltage and are designed for operation only in the pulsed mode. When working in the long-term mode, the task of creating a reliable high-speed contact is still relevant, and the creation of pulse generators for increased voltage is a much more difficult task (see ibid., P.
The purpose of the invention is to create simple, non-serviced KAEE suitable for practical use in systems of guaranteed power supply with higher conversion efficiency and specific energy intensity, no losses in standby mode, which will provide the necessary duration of energy storage, easy control of any modes and universality of the current type as charging , And the discharge cycle.
The goal is achieved by an organic combination and mutual complement of the properties and advantages of a twisted super-flywheel, a self-centering magnetic support, a disk unipolar electric machine and a controlled thermoemission generator.
The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a sealed enclosure in which a deep vacuum is created, a magnetic pole bearing a self-centering with the axial and radial displacement stops serves simultaneously as a hub of a super-flywheel braided from high-strength filaments, a vertically clear pole pole armature of a disk unipolar electromagnetic Excitation with central and peripheral thermionic controlled current collectors. The self-centering of the rotor is provided by the cone-shaped form of the magnetic support, the axial and radial displacement limiters are made in the form of thrust bearings based on solid self-lubricating materials, the anode of the central thermoemission current collector is cooled, and the heated cathodes with grid control of peripheral current collectors and the excitation coil are separated by a cooled shield from a non-magnetic Material.
The conducted patent search showed the lack of SEA with the proposed set of characteristics.
Thus, in this case, known elements are united by new connections, impart new properties to the SEE, which are manifested in positive effects, as a result of which the solution can be recognized as having an inventive level.
The essence of the invention is explained by the drawing, which shows the longitudinal axis of rotation of the rotor of the section of the KAEE in the variant of aligning the armature disk with the movable part of the magnetic circuit (structural diagram).
 |
The SEE consists of a sealed enclosure 1 with power inputs 2, output 3 and management 4 electrical terminals. Inside the body 1, a shaft 6 is vertically fixed to the radial-axial magnetic support 5. The magnetic support 5 consists of a movable 5a and a stationary 5b parts; Represents two cone-shaped disks of permanent magnets made of alloys of rare-earth metals and cobalt magnetized along the axis and oppositely. In general, if necessary, the magnetic support 5 will consist of a calculated number of pairs of movable and fixed 5b disks to fully balance the weight of the moving parts of the SEE, the self-centering of which is provided by the conical shape of the disks 5a and 5b. |
The movable magnetic support disk 5a can simultaneously serve as a hub for a superfundish superfine 7, wound of high strength threads, for example, glass fibers, boron, kevlar, graphite, quartz, polymers, etc.
A massive rim, wound from heavy-duty fibers, provides a high density of stored energy and a safe (safety-free) failure in the event of exceeding the permissible flywheel speed.
If it is a steel wire with a strength of 5000 n / mm 2 , then the specific energy of the battery will be 3 · 10 5 J / kg.
Graphite fiber or Kevlar will provide 10 6 J in a kilogram of mass. Quartz fibers (obtained in the 1970s) with a strength of 37,000 n / mm 2 and a density 2 times greater than that of graphite, will provide an energy density of more than 5 × 10 6 J / kg or 1,400 W · h / kg, i.e. More than internal combustion engines (1000 W · h / kg).
New materials from carbon with a graphite and diamond structure will provide an energy density of 2400 and 4200 W / h / kg (see for example Gulia NV Energy storage .- Moscow: Nauka, 1980, p.88). It should be borne in mind that polymeric materials have already been obtained, which exceed the strength of diamonds.
On the shaft 6, an anchor 8 of a unipolar machine consisting of a stator magnetic core 9, an excitation coil 10, a peripheral thermionic (contactless) current collector 11 with a grid control 12 and a central current collector 3 operating on the principle of a thermoemission generator is mounted or unrolled at the same time. In this case, the movable cathode K of the central current collector 3 is heated by high-frequency currents from the fixed winding 13, and the anode A is a cooled ram 14, isolated from the body 1 and the stator 9 of the unipolar machine.
The stationary cathode of one or more peripheral current collectors 11 can be heated by direct filament currents.
Since the magnetic support 5 has a comparatively low stiffness, in order to avoid damaging the rotor in an accidental jerk, the armature 8 is cylindrically aligned with the yoke, with the possibility of significant axial movement up and down to the stops 15 and slight horizontal movement to the stops 16 serving as limiters for axial and radial movement.
For the purposes of electromagnetic confinement (and return) of the armature 8 to a normal middle position, its explicit execution is also due to the mid-ring recess 17.
Limiters of axial 15 and radial 16 displacement are sliding bearings with solid lubrication, since liquid lubricants in vacuum are not working.
As a solid lubricant, various compositions with fillers of molybdenum disulphide or more heat-resistant tungsten disulphide can be used that can withstand temperatures of up to 3000 ° C (see, for example: AA Silin Friction and its role in the development of engineering. , 1983, pp. 126-128).
As is known, the minimum operating temperature of the cathodes K and 11 should be 700-800 ° C.
To protect the excitation coil 10 from the heat radiation of the cathode 11 of the peripheral current collector, a screen 18 is provided which can be made in the form of a water cooling channel.
Inside the case 1, a vacuum of about 10 -7 mm Hg is created. Art. In a medium, so much discharged gas electrons propagate almost unhindered, and the required value of the removed load current is provided by the calculated area of the heated cathode.
For example, an impregnated cathode can give a current collector of 8 A / cm 2 at a temperature of 1000 ° C., i.e. The same as electrographic brushes (see Menke, H., Gundlach F. Radio Technical Reference Book, Vol. II, Gosenergoizdat, M. - L., 1962, p. 45).
An important feature of the thermionic current collector is the independence of losses in it from the speed of rotation of the armature 8. In addition, if the anode is cooled, it is possible to obtain a gain, and not a voltage drop in such a sliding / contact (see, for example, Roginsky, V.Yu. , Energy, 1969, p.53-59)
To ensure the unchanged position of the cathodes and anodes in the charge and discharge cycles, an electromagnetic method for creating a working magnetic flux Φ is adopted, the polarity of which in this case is easily changed by the current direction in the excitation winding 10, i.e. The operating mode (charging or discharging) with the rotation direction of the armature 8 fixed is determined by the direction of the current regulated in a wide range in the excitation winding 10.
The supply of the armature 8 is constant or alternating (the contactless current collector operates with a rectifier at a constant potential of the control grid 12) by current through the terminal 2 of the peripheral current collector and the terminal 3 of the central current collector (surface A), in the presence of cathode heat and magnetic flux of excitation, according to the law of electromagnetic forces, acceleration of the rotor and accumulation Energy in the flywheel 7.
The standby mode is characterized by a shutdown of the heating of the cathodes of the peripheral and central current collectors and the removal of the excitation current. In this case, all types of losses in the KAEE will be absent, which will ensure the necessary duration of energy storage.
The renewal of the supply of the heated cathodes, the control grid 12, and the change in the direction of the current in the excitation winding 10 will cause the discharge mode of operation of the SEE.
In this case, the EMF developed by a unipolar generator will be equal to 
those. Is proportional to the speed of rotation of the armature 8 and the magnetic flux penetrating it, and the nature and magnitude of the control potential of the grid by a nonlinear law will determine the nature and magnitude of the output voltage.
In spite of the fact that in principle there are no limitations in obtaining the required unit power and energy intensity, in general the described construction should be considered as an element, the series-parallel connection of which will allow to obtain any range of energy intensity, voltage, current and, consequently, power.
CLAIM
A kinetic battery of electrical energy is predominantly for consumer power supply systems, comprising a housing, a flywheel energy storage device, a charging and discharge electromagnetic body, and a control system for operation modes, characterized in that in a sealed housing in which a deep vacuum is created, on a radial-axial self-centering with axial limiters And a radial displacement of the magnetic support, which serves simultaneously as a hub of a superframe superframe wrapped from high-strength threads, is mounted vertically by the pole pole armature of a disk unipolar electromagnetic excitation machine with central and peripheral thermionic controlled current collectors, with the self-centering of the rotor provided by a cone-shaped magnetic support, the axial and radial In the form of thrust bearings based on solid self-lubricating materials, the anode of the central thermoemission current collector is cooled, and the heated cathodes with grid control of the peripheral current collectors and the excitation coil are separated by a cooled screen.
print version
Date of publication 10.01.2007gg
Comments
When commenting on, remember that the content and tone of your message can hurt the feelings of real people, show respect and tolerance to your interlocutors even if you do not share their opinion, your behavior in the conditions of freedom of expression and anonymity provided by the Internet, changes Not only virtual, but also the real world. All comments are hidden from the index, spam is controlled.