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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2210195
METHOD OF OBTAINING BALL LIGHTNING
The name of the inventor: Kim AS; Fedosin S.G.
The name of the patent holder: Perm State University
Address for correspondence: 614600, Perm, GSP, ul. Bukirev, 15, Perm State University, Patent Department, Pat. AAAnorin, registration number 126
Date of commencement of the patent: 2001.04.09
The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering. The technical result of the invention, which consists in developing a method for obtaining a ball lightning with a long lifetime, is achieved by the fact that in a method for obtaining a ball lightning comprising accumulation of electromagnetic energy, a discharge of a powerful current pulse and observation of ball lightning, a discharge is produced in a space bounded by a volume turn, Which is pre-filled with hot air and spectrally dissected light, with ball lightning created as a toroidosphere.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of rare natural phenomena and can be used as an energy storage device.
A method is known for the production of ball lightning, which includes the accumulation of electromagnetic energy, the discharge of a current pulse, and the observation of ball lightning / 1 / - IK. Kikoin. Experiments in the home laboratory / / Quantum. 1981. Issue. 4.
This method has a drawback. The probability of obtaining a ball lightning is of the order of 0.01. In addition, the lifetime of such a ball lightning is slightly (of the order of 1 s).
A method for obtaining ball lightning is also known, which includes the accumulation of electromagnetic energy, the discharge of a current pulse, and the observation of ball lightning during ignition of a mixture of air and propane / 2 / - JD Barry by an electric spark. Fereball, Ball Lightning and Elmo's Fire // Weatherm. 1968 b. V. 28. P. 180-198. He took us for a prototype.
The disadvantage of this method is the unstable form of ball lightning, the lifetime of which is slightly (of the order of 2 s).
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for obtaining a ball lightning with a long lifetime and a greater probability of observation.
This problem is achieved by the fact that in the method for obtaining ball lightning, which includes the accumulation of electromagnetic energy, the discharge of a powerful current pulse and the observation of ball lightning, a discharge of current is produced in a space bounded by a volume turn that is pre-filled with hot air and spectrally dissociated light, with ball lightning Create as a toroidosphere.
The presence of a causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed invention and the result achieved is disclosed below.
Ball lightning - fire, heat and light. Fire produces light, and light feeds fire. These processes are always accompanied by warmth. The proposed ball lightning is a toroidosphere and is made up of two parts: a toroid and a sphere. Each part is formed by a special configuration of turns: a toroid with one wire, and a sphere with many wires. The current passes in all the turns simultaneously. In addition, before the experiment begins, the space bounded by a volume turn is filled with hot air and spectrally dissociated light (color), which makes it possible to increase the lifetime of ball lightning.
A method for observing ball lightning is proposed, which makes it possible to observe with a high probability ball lightning.
An analysis of the essential features of the proposed invention showed that such a way of observing ball lightning in sources available to the applicant was not detected. Therefore, it has a novelty and a high inventive level.
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Figure 1 shows a diagram of a device for observing ball lightning. Below we consider an example of obtaining a ball lightning. A constant voltage source 1 charges the battery of capacitors 2 to the required voltage. After charging the battery of the capacitors 2, the thyristors are switched on by the control unit 5. All the voltage is applied to the volumetric turn of the wire 6. During the time of switching on the thyristors 4 through the volumetric coil 6, a current of the order of several tens of thousands of amperes passes. The unit 7 heats the air and fills it with the spatial region of the volume turn, creating a circular rotation in the volume of the winding 6, and the block 8 fills the spatial region of the volume coil with spectrally dissected light. The resistance of the volumetric coil in this case should be of the order of 0.085 ohms. The choice of the diameter of the wire turns determines the volume of the winding itself. It should be taken into account that a thicker wire will give n times as much heat as a unit of time than a thin one (where n is the ratio of the diameters of the wires). In this case, it is necessary to take into account the voltage and current limits of the thyristors. Thus, the diameter of the observed ball lightning is mainly limited in the proposed method by the parameters of the thyristor key. |
The lifetime of such a ball lightning is accompanied by a sound effect at the time of the explosion of lightning (like a thunderbolt) and the potential for the death of the investigator by an electric current (dose ~ 2 kJ). Safety rules must be observed.
After conducting the next experiment (observation of ball lightning), it is necessary to discharge the residual voltage with the help of a resistor and switch 3. After this, you can start a new experiment.
Thus, the proposed ball lightning is a small piece of linear lightning, twisted into a ball with a characteristic size (diameter of the wire turn). Hence, it turns out that the ball lightning on currents and magnetic fields can not be more than a linear lightning, which is obtained by discharging a battery of capacitors. At higher energies, ball lightning of a larger size is observed.
The energy of ball lightning (according to numerous published data) is from 25 J to 10 kJ. This means that to create a CMM, you need 50 J to 20 KJ, since half of the required energy goes to create a ball lightning, and the other half to create a field around it. The total capacity of the capacitor bank is taken
E = (CU 2 ) / 2. (1)
At E = 20 kJ, U = 2500 V, the capacity of the capacitor bank is 6400 μF. As a discharger, the thyristors T 173-1250-30 connected in parallel can be used. In the pulse together, they withstand a current of more than 30000 A. The maximum lifetime of observation of ball lightning is of the order of 3 s, which allows for detailed and systematic studies.
During the appearance and existence of ball lightning in the space of the revolution, there is a wide spectrum of powerful electromagnetic radiation, a kind of tangle of an electromagnetic vortex. Therefore, it is necessary to screen the volume in which the volumetric coil is located. From ultraviolet radiation (light), a normal glass with a thickness of 3-8 mm should be installed in the inspection hole. The temperature in the volume of the turn can reach from 1000 to 25000 K. All these precautions must be taken into account in a detailed and systematic study of ball lightning.
In nature, the probability of observing ball lightning is small, and according to statistics, one ball lightning per 1000-2000 conventional lightning is recorded, i.e. Is close to zero. In our case, the probability of observing ball lightning is close to 1.
CLAIM
A method for obtaining a ball lightning, which includes accumulation of electromagnetic energy, a discharge of a powerful current pulse, and observation of ball lightning, characterized in that the discharge is produced in a space bounded by a volume turn that is pre-filled with hot air and spectrally dissociated light, while the ball lightning is created as a toroidosphere .
print version
Published on February 15, 2007
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