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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2112813

Method of extracting gallium from the solution RECYCLING aluminum raw materials by sintering

METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF GALLIUM FROM SOLUTIONS
During the processing of primary aluminum by sintering

Name of the inventor: Skvortsov Aleksandr Yurevich (UA); Fomichev Yury Alexandrovich (UA); Polyakova OP
The name of the patentee: Leased enterprise "Nikolaev Alumina Plant" (UA)
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1996.11.20

The invention relates to the hydrometallurgy of rare metals, namely to increase the efficiency of extraction of gallium from solutions and slurries Spekatelnye. The method consists in extracting the gallium from solutions or slurries sorption on the complexing ion exchanger followed by desorption and getting rich on gallium desorbate.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to hydrometallurgy and trace elements can be used for the extraction of gallium from soda and potash and sodoschelochnyh solutions formed in the processing of bauxite and nepheline alumina sintering.

For industrial production of gallium cementation method used aluminum gallame. The disadvantages of the method are: low extraction of gallium (10 - 30%), a high consumption of aluminum for cementation (13 - 40 g / g obtained gallium), high sensitivity impurity content feed solution.

The closest to the proposed technical essence and achieved result is a process for the extraction of gallium from solutions nepheline raw material and the method of extraction of gallium from bauxite processing solutions by the method of sintering. Both these methods are different raw materials, the same basic technological methods are almost identical. This technique consists in the fact that the starting solution subjected gallium one- or two-step carbonation alyumokarbonatnogo to obtain a precipitate enriched with gallium (concentrate). This concentrate was filtered, and dissolved in the resulting alkaline electrolyte is directed to extraction of gallium by cementation. The disadvantages of this method are multi-stage process; availability of unproductive and time-consuming filtering operations of large pulp flows; significant loss of gallium during the process (through extraction of gallium from solutions of metal in 50 - 70%); high flow cementing metal (aluminum) extracting gallium (9 - 13 g per 1 g of gallium).

The present invention is directed to the following tasks:

  • efficiency of extraction of gallium from solutions formed in the aluminum refining raw material sintering;
  • increasing extraction of gallium from solutions in metal;
  • aluminum consumption reduction during gallium cementation.

These objectives are achieved by the fact that gallium is extracted from the above-mentioned technological solutions or slurries by adsorption on complexing ion exchanger, followed by desorption of gallium acidic solutions and processing of gallium-containing eluates. Of these eluates, the gallium is released to precipitate, the precipitate is filtered off and is dissolved in the alkali electrolyte to obtain gallium from which electrolysis or by cementation isolated metallic gallium.

The inventive method consists in the fact that extraction, separation of impurities and concentration of gallium from solutions Spekatelnye performed during the sorption process. The obtained after desorption and gallium enriched in the impurity eluates depleted gallium allocated precipitate by known methods (alkaline neutralizing agents, electrodialysis, etc.). Unlike the prototype achieved a greater extraction of gallium in concentrate and significantly higher its content in the concentrate.

Experimental data on the implementation of the proposed method are shown in the examples

Example 1. The solution after the separation of a production hydrate formed during the processing of bauxite by sintering, potash mother liquor, which is formed during the processing of nepheline and diluted potash liquor, after more carbonation and the precipitate was passed through a sorption column filled with a complexing ion exchanger. The volume in each column of the ion exchanger - 50 ml solutions transmission rate - 100 ml / h (volume of 2 beats per hour.). The solution flowing from the column (sorbate) was collected and analyzed for the content of gallium, gallium at higher concentrations than 20 mg sorbate / l sorption stopped. The capacity of the resin was determined by his recovery from solutions. The results are shown in Table. 1.

As seen from the results, in all cases the recovery of gallium from solutions is very high, sorbates gallium content is not more than 0,015 g / l.

Example 2. Ionith saturated conditions in Example No. 1. 2 washed with water and stripped countercurrently with sulfuric acid (concentration 100 g / l). After passing 1.5 bpm. volumes (75 ml) solution of sulfuric acid at 1 sp. volume per hour resulting acidic ion exchanger desorbate and analyzed. The test results are shown in Table. 2.

From Table. 2 that in the above conditions, a high degree of extraction of gallium in the desorbate, significant separation of gallium aluminum (ratio Al 2 O 3 / Ga in the starting liquor Potashnia more than 100, and in the desorbate - about 4). We should also note that the reduction in the volume of gallium-containing solution as a result of sorption-desorption cycle by 6.7 times, Ga extraction in desorbate - 94.7% (of the original potash liquor).

Example 3. Obtained in Example 2 was neutralized acidic desorbate alkaline solution (22 g / l) to pH 6,6. The deposition temperature of 60 o C, during 1 hour. The resulting precipitate was filtered off under suction, washed with water and dissolved (wet) in a solution of NaOH concentration of 300 g / l. From the obtained electrolyte removed by cementation with aluminum gallium gallame (gallame aluminum content of 0.4%) for 12 hours. The resulting formulations are given in Table middlings. 3.

Extracting gallium from the desorbate in the electrolyte exceeds 99%, and metal - 98.3%. The content of gallium in the concentrate in an electrolyte and thus substantially more than according to the method-prototype (maximum Ga content in the concentrate - 0.23%, and the electrolyte of 0.7 - 1.5 g / l). Flow cementing metal (aluminum grains) of the present method was 2.4 g per 1 g of the resulting gallium prototype 9 - 13 g / g. In addition, the use of more concentrated on improving the performance of electrolytes gallium cementation. Thus, according to prototype method performance was 1 - 1.5 kg / m 2 · day, whereas the proposed method - 7.8 kg / m 2 · day. Through extraction of gallium in the starting solutions of the metal, calculated according to the above examples, greater than 93%, prototype - 50 - 70%.

Example 4. Ionith saturated conditions in Example No. 1. 1, stripped with sulfuric acid as described in Example 2, then pelleted concentrate, and it was dissolved gallium cemented in accordance with the parameters given in Example 3. The results are shown in Table. 4.

It is seen that in the case of mother liquors from processing bauxite by sintering achieved higher levels of gallium extraction process for all operations in comparison with the prototype.

Thus, the proposed method allows to enhance the extraction of gallium gallium extraction degree of technological solutions; get richer by Ga concentrates; significantly improve performance in the preparation of the metal gallium on cementation.

CLAIM

Method gallium extraction from solutions in processing aluminum raw materials by sintering, comprising forming gallium concentrate its dissolution in an alkali solution and gallium cementation, characterized in that gallium is recovered from solutions and slurries directly or after further separation of these aluminum carbonization sorption on kompreksoobrazuyuschem ion exchanger with subsequent desorption.

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Publication date 16.03.2007gg