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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2224034
METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF PLATINUM GROUP METALS
Name of the inventor: Marakushev AA .; Shapovalov JB .; Carpenter TA
The name of the patentee: Institute of Experimental Mineralogy RAS
Address for correspondence: 142432, Moscow region, Noginsk, Chernogolovka, IEM RAS.
Starting date of the patent: 2002.06.07
Method of extracting platinum group metals refers to the field of metallurgy and can be used in the processing of both the secondary products of industrial production, and using platinum ore, in particular processes domain and the converting melts. The technical result is to increase the degree of extraction of the platinum group metals, especially when used as a feedstock platinum ores. This is achieved by a method of extraction of the platinum group metal, comprising melting a starting material in the presence of a carbonaceous reducing agent, followed by concentration of recoverable metals in the metal phase. As the starting material charge containing at least 2 g / m of platinum group metals, a and silicate, iron and sulfide components, the carbonaceous reductant charge in excess and smelting lead to the formation of a heterogeneous melt sulfide, silicate and iron phases then separated iron phase, concentrating the platinum group metals, and subjected to oxidative heat treatment until complete separation of platinum group metals.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to metallurgy, in particular extracting platinum group metals as a secondary product of the industrial production and of the platinum-ore using a blast process and heats the converting.
The method for extracting platinum group metals from concentrates based on sulphides of iron, including smelting of concentrates of additives, oxidation and cooling the melt separation products solidified by their physical properties. The additives are used simultaneously based products chamotte or alumina, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate glass or slag refining industry platinum group metal based on the sodium-calcium silicates with ratios of certain components. When the content of metals in the alloy is 20-35% of the extract was 97-99% (Patent RU 2154117, C 22 B 11/02, publ. 10.08.2000 city).
The disadvantage of this method is that the resulting product is a multicomponent alloy heavy, requiring it to separate from the platinum group metals large acid flow going basis dissolution in subsequent refinery production, and its duration, and the need to use a large number of different equipment.
It is known a method of extracting metals of the platinum group received the prototype, including the melting of the starting material based on chalcogenides base metals containing platinum group metals, in the presence of a carbonaceous reducing agent and the additives while using sodium compounds and products containing metal on the basis of copper and / or iron alloys . The compounds used as a sodium, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite or sodium thiosulfate, followed by concentration of recoverable metals in metal, in particular iron phase. Dedicated bottom product was milled processed as a concentrate refining industry (RU 2112064 C, C 22 B 11/02, 27.05.98 city).
However, this method has the same disadvantages as the above analog.
The invention solves the problem of simplifying the process of extracting metals of the platinum group technology, the technical result which is to increase the recoveries of platinum group metals, especially when used as a feedstock platinum ores.
Technical result is achieved by a method for extracting platinum group metals, comprising melting a starting material in the presence of a carbonaceous reducing agent, followed by concentration of recoverable metals in the metal phase, according to the invention as starting material a charge containing at least 2 g / m of platinum group metals, silicate, iron and sulfide components, the carbonaceous reductant is taken in excess to fully restore the oxide components of iron and platinum group metals, the melting is carried out until the formation of a heterogeneous melt sulfide, silicate and iron phase with subsequent separation of iron phase, concentrating the platinum group metals, and subjected to oxidative treatment until complete separation of platinum group metals.
The essence of the proposed invention is based on the establishment of an extremely high chemical affinity of the platinum group metals to the iron melt phase in which they are concentrated substantially completely in a separation of the phases of the heterogeneous melt sulfide, silicate and iron phases formed while melting silicate, iron and sulfide components in the presence of an excess amount of carbonaceous reducing agent, calculated in relation to the stoichiometry for the complete recovery of iron oxide components and platinum group metals. When this platinum begins to dissolve in iron already at 100 o C to form FePt compound.
Due to its simplicity and adaptability of the major distribution method can be found in the case of using as a raw material blend containing a platinum-ore and conduct heterogeneous melt to form the melt into the blast furnace in the presence of carbon as a reducing coke.
The starting material may be a charge based on the industrial production of secondary products containing platinum group metals.
Iron oxidizing heat treatment phase, concentrating the platinum group metals in the processing of large amounts of it can be performed in the converting furnace with the air blast at a temperature of 1000-1100 o C in the converting furnace or oxygen blown at a temperature of 800-1000 o C.
The most complete recovery of platinum group metals occurs when smelting lead source material while maintaining the charge in weight ratios of silicate, iron sulfide and components based on silicon oxide, iron oxide and sulfur equal to (2-6) 
0.3-3) 0.5-1.5).
Example 1. As secondary industrial products took 100g gravity concentrate obtained by a centrifugal separator for enrichment slimes norilsk copper-nickel sulphide ores, at the following content of analyzed components, wt%: platinum - 0.57;. Palladium - 0.11; copper - 0.5; Nickel - 2.3; sulfur - 21.0; iron - 45.0; silica (SiO2) - 9.6; alumina (Al 2 O 3) - 3.5. The components were mixed batch was charged into a graphite crucible, which provides an excess of reducing agent relative to the stoichiometry for the complete recovery of iron oxide components and platinum group metals, and melted in an electric furnace at a temperature of 1200 o C. The formed stacked iron, silicate and sulfide phases . Platinum group metals is almost entirely concentrated in the iron melt phase, which acquired while ferroplatinovy composition with a significant prevalence of iron-platinum (46% Fe and 54% Pt).
The metallic phase was separated from the sulphide and silicate, the above-mentioned merging. Further separation of platinum group metals from the iron oxidation treatment was carried out by the resulting composition at temperatures ferroplatinovogo 800-1000 o C in an oxygen stream at a temperature or 1000-1100 o C in flowing air. The result was a product containing pure platinum. Moreover, its extraction was 98%.
Example 2. Same as in Example 1, except for increasing the degree of extraction was added to the charge as a silica component, 51 g of silica, so that the weight ratio of silicate, iron sulfide and components based on silicon oxide, iron oxides, and sulfur was 2.02: 1.5: 0.7, which corresponds to said claims. Platinum recovery was thus 99%.
Example 3. As the initial charge were taken ultramafic platinum ore, comprising (wt.%) As the components of silicate SiO 2 - 40 iron components Fe 2 O 3 - and 2.59 FeO - 3,21, pyrite FeS, magnesium components MgO - 38.52, platinoid components 2-9 g / t, a, and Al 2 O 3 - 2.24, CaO - 1.40 other - the rest. The batch was charged together with coke in a ratio providing excess carbon in a reducing atmosphere, calculated with respect to the stoichiometry for complete recovery and iron oxide components of the platinum group metals in a blast furnace with oxygen blown. At a temperature of about 1200 o C as it took place lowering the charge melting and the formation of a heterogeneous melt stacked iron, sulphide and silicate phases. The molten product is periodically removed through the holes of a blast furnace. The result was a metal ingots, pig iron differ from high platinum content. After cooling, the ingots were charged in metal experienced a 10-ton converter equipped with bottom tuyeres, and fed air heated to 1100 o C at a rate of 10 m 3. When melting metal ingots contained in them oxidized and iron oxide in a slag melt over pure flocked platinum group metals, that at the end of the process was poured through the lower opening. Slag based on iron oxide was removed through the holes in the converter. The yield of the product was 99%.
CLAIM
1. A process for extracting platinum group metals, including smelting of the material containing platinum group metals, in the presence of a carbonaceous reductant concentration recoverable metal iron phase, characterized in that as starting material charge containing at least 2 g / m of platinum group metals , silicate, iron and sulfide components, the carbonaceous reductant is taken in excess relative to the stoichiometry for the complete recovery of oxide constituents iron and platinum group metals, the melting is carried out until the formation of a heterogeneous melt sulfide, silicate and iron phases, with subsequent separation of iron phase, concentrating the platinum groups and subjected to an oxidizing heat treatment to complete separation of platinum group metals.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as starting material use charge, platinum-containing ore as the carbonaceous reducing agent - coke, and the heterogeneous melt to form the molten lead in the blast furnace.
3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that as starting material based on charge secondary industrial products containing platinum group metals.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidation treatment of iron phase, concentrating the platinum group metals is performed in the converting furnace with air blowing at 1000-1100 ° C.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the oxidation treatment of iron phase, concentrating the platinum group metals is performed in the converting furnace blast with oxygen at 800-1000 ° C.
6. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting of the starting material while maintaining the lead in the charge weight ratios of silicate, iron sulfide and components based on silicon oxide, iron oxide and sulfur equal to (2-6) 0.3-3) 0.5-1.5).
print version
Publication date 27.03.2007gg
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