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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2112064
METHOD FOR PROCESSING PRODUCTS chalcogenide based base metals CONTAINING PLATINUM GROUP METALS AND GOLD
Name of the inventor: Sidorenko Yuriy Alexandrovich; Efimov, Valery; Yeltsin, Sergei Ivanovich
The name of the patentee: Sidorenko Yuriy Alexandrovich; Efimov, Valery; Yeltsin, Sergei Ivanovich
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1997.01.29
Usage: noble metal in metallurgy, in the technology of refining platinum group metals (PGM). The inventive fusion products is carried out based on the base metal chalcogenides containing platinum group metals and gold with additives of base elements, including a carbonaceous reductant. Then lead settling and cooling the melt to solidify, the separation of the solidified product formed by interfacial boundaries and extracting precious metals from the heavy bottom phase. As additives to the alloy containing platinum group metals and gold, on the basis of mainly selenides and teluridov copper, iron and lead is used both compounds sodium and products containing metallic copper-based alloys, and (or) iron, including scrap technical products on copper and (or) iron containing noble metals. Dedicated bottom product is ground into a powder, which is processed as a concentrate refining industry. During the processing of light alloys shteynopodobnyh increased extraction of precious metals in the desired product. It becomes possible to process the various raw materials of noble metals, including secondary and alloys based on copper and (or) of iron, for example, electronic scrap, waste products etc. iron.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to metallurgy and noble metals can be used in the technology of refining platinum group metals (PGM).
The refinery production of platinum group on the redistribution of pyrometallurgical enrichment produced middling called light alloy, which is a blend of chalcogenides, preferably selenides and tellurides of copper, lead and iron. This middlings contains from 1 to 6% PGM, 0.1 to 1.0% gold and 1 to 5% silver. Recycling of this product in hydrometallurgical refinery production cycles is associated with high material and labor costs. The problem of the recovery of precious metals of the alloy was facilitated if it could be of the melt enriched in their content phase.
A method of processing a product, such light alloys refining industry, in which copper-nickel matte (base mattes represented chalcogenides, preferably sulfides of copper, nickel and iron) is fused with non-precious elements, in particular silicon or its alloys with the addition of a charge of carbonaceous reducing agent , settled and cooled melt is solidified melt products are separated by boundaries formed section and as a precious metal concentrate is separated lower heavy layer (Tarashchuk NT - Non-ferrous metallurgy, 1964, N 19, 16-17.). This method is adopted as a prototype.
The disadvantages of the prototype method, when used for the processing of light alloys refining industry based on selenides and tellurides are:
relatively low extraction in the lower phase (hard alloy), gold does not exceed 70%;
the need to use expensive silicon or alloys thereof;
high silicon content in the final product of melting, complicating the process of its further processing as a concentrate in a hydrometallurgical refinery production cycles.
Object of the invention - the elimination of these shortcomings prototype method of processing products based on non-noble metal chalcogenides containing PGM and gold.
This object is achieved by the fact that in the known method for processing of products based on chalcogenides copper, iron, lead, comprising alloying additives of base elements and a carbonaceous reductant, settling, and cooling the melt to solidify, the separation of solidified phase on the formed the interfaces and recovering as a concentrate noble metal bottom product, as an additive to ensure separation of the fusion products, using both products containing metallic copper-based alloys, and (or) iron, including scrap technical products based on copper and (or) iron containing noble metals, and sodium compounds (carbonate, sulfite or sodium thiosulfate) and bottom phase (hard alloy) was pulverized, which is then processed as a concentrate refining industry.
The essence of the proposed method is as follows:
The experiments showed that the smelting reduction of the charge, in addition to containing a light chalcogenide alloy and carbon-reducing agent and one or more sodium compounds, but does not contain metal scrap, is already leading to the delamination of the melt and release in the bottom layer of hard alloy phase enriched in platinum group metals. After settling and cooling hardened products can be easily separated by formed the interfaces in the bottom phase (heavy alloy), which is enriched by the content of PGMs and gold, and the top two light phase, depleted in content of platinum group metals and gold: the secondary depleted light alloy and slag .
It was found however that the use of additives only sodium salts and the reducing agent does not provide a sufficiently high recovery of gold in the bottom heavy alloy.
As additives, the following compounds were tested sodium: bisilicate (soda-lime glass), carbonate, sulfite, and sodium thiosulfate. Extraction heavy PGM alloy was the lowest in the case of additives soda-lime glass, and increased in the number of sodium-silicate glass - sodium carbonate - sodium sulfur compounds. In this smelting parameters virtually unchanged by replacing sodium sulfite to sulfate or sodium thiosulfate.
It is found that the minimum amount of addition of sodium compound, which is observed when using the phase separation effect of the heavy alloy of sodium bisilicate to 10%, for sodium carbonate, 7% for 3% of sulfur-containing compounds. In this case the best parameters were observed in separation if the charge injected simultaneously with sodium carbonate (7 to 15%) and sulfur-containing compounds sodium - sulfite or thiosulfate (3 to 8%).
Thus, the results of this series of experiments it was found that all batches light alloy containing only sodium compounds and a reducing agent to extract heavy PGM alloy was significantly higher than the gold recovery (i.e. introduction into the charge only sodium salts It is the concentration of heavy metals in the platinum group metals, but does not provide a sufficiently high recovery of gold). Gold recovery in heavy alloy does not exceed 75-80%.
The claimed method involves the simultaneous use of additives into the charge as the sodium compounds, and products containing metallic copper-based alloys, and (or) iron, including scrap copper and (or) iron with high affinity for all chalcogen - components in light alloy . As a result, light alloys contained in gold is recovered in the bottom phase is considerably better, due to the flow of a process similar carburizing processes from aqueous solutions. In the main moving heavy alloy of gold and platinum group metals as a source of light alloy and scrap additions of copper-based or iron.
heavy alloy phase separation from the primary chalcogenide light alloy possibly in melting the starting material with only copper and iron without adding to the burden sodium-flux, but the recovery of PGM and gold when using small additions of scrap metal is low, while increasing scrap additives produced a poor content of noble metals and, in some cases neizmelchayuschiysya (plastic) heavy alloy.
The optimal value of the charge additive in the metallic copper-based alloy, and (or) iron when administered concurrently with sulfur containing sodium compounds is in the range from 5 to 20%.
The lower limit of additive copper and (or) ferrous alloy, in which there is the effect of increasing gold recovery in heavy alloy is 5%.
Increasing the additive copper-based alloys, and (or) more than 20% of iron is inappropriate, as this dramatically increases the output of heavy alloy due to the dilution of its base metals (reduced enrichment multiplicity). Besides heavy alloy becomes less brittle, making it difficult to process the grinding into powder.
Besides heavy bottom phase alloy of noble metals and secondary (depleted) a light alloy during the melting process of the recommended charge amount, the formation of a sodium-silicate slag, which (according to the spectral analysis) platinum metal and does not contain gold.
Example 1 was used as starting materials:
chalcogenide light alloy with the following composition (on the PCA,%): Pt 0,7; Pd 3,5; Rh 0,2; Ir 0,2; Ru 0,2; the sum of the IPY 4.8; Au 0,7; Pb 3,5; Sb 0,7; Te 9,4; Se 21,9; Cu 12,6; Fe 5,8; Ni 2,5; Sn 0,5.
copper-based alloy obtained by melting and disassembly of electronic scrap, the following composition (by ICP, PCA%): Pd 1,94; Au 0,003; Cu 91,1; Fe 1,5.
Amounted to 130 g batch of raw particulate light metal, 20 g of soda ash, 10 g of sodium sulfite, 20 g of copper-based alloy obtained from electronic scrap, coke fines and 20 g.
The components were mixed batch, charged to a fireclay crucible and placed in an electric furnace for smelting. After 60 minutes at a temperature of 1250-1300 o C crucible was removed from the furnace. After cooling of the crucible were recovered following three fusion product:
30.4 g of the desired alloy of platinum metals and gold with the following content elements analyzed (by ICP data),%: Pt 2,90; Pd 15,60; Rh 0,82; Ir 0,79; Ru 0,80; the amount of PGM 20.91; Au 2,80; Cu 22,8; Fe 1,3;
68.5 g of a light shteynopodobnogo depleted alloy containing (according ICP),%: Pt 0,045; Pd 0,280; Rh 0,015; Ir 0,030; Ru 0,025; the amount of PGM 0.395; Au 0,070; Cu 39,4; Fe 9,2;
56.6 g of sodium silicate-slag containing no (according to the spectral analysis) of the platinum group metals and gold.
Thus, in the alloy target of the starting materials (including those of the electronic scrap) recovered,%: Pt 95,6; Pd 96,0; Rh 96,2; Ir 92,3; Ru 93,5; the amount of PGM, 95.8; Au 94,5.
The light-depleted alloy shteynopodobny recovered 78.0% copper and 80.8% of the iron contained in the starting materials.
After grinding target PGMs and gold alloy can be run on the dissolution and subsequent refining. Other melting products can be processed separately or shipped to enterprise lead-copper production.
Example 2 used as starting materials:
light chalcogenide alloy of the following composition (by ICP),%: Pt 0,8; Pd 2,5; Rh 0,2; Ir 0,1; Ru 0,3; the sum of the IPY 3.9; Au 0,8; Pb 4,1; Sb 0,5; Te 12,4; Se 18,1; Cu 22,6; Fe 4,4; Ni 1,5; Sn 0,5;
Scrap your old refinery in the production of iron bucket (in the form of chips), with the following composition (by ICP),%: Fe 92,2; Pt 0,02; Pd 0,1.
Amounted to 150 g batch of raw particulate light metal, 15 g of soda ash, 10 g of sodium thiosulfate, 15 g of iron scrap bucket (in the form of chips) and 10 g of coke fines.
The components were mixed batch, charged to a fireclay crucible and placed in an electric furnace for smelting. After 60 minutes at a temperature of 1250-1300 o C crucible was removed from the furnace. After cooling of the crucible were recovered following three fusion product:
40.2 g of the desired alloy of platinum metals and gold with the following content elements analyzed (by ICP data),%: Pt 2,81; Pd 8,91; Rh 0,70; Ir 0,34; Ru 1,01; the amount of PGM 13.77; Au 2,65; Cu 6,7; Fe 3,7;
93.5 g of a light shteynopodobnogo depleted alloy containing (according ICP),%: Pt 0,077; Pd 0,195; Rh 0,020; Ir 0,013; Ru 0,045; the amount of PGM 0.350; Au 0,142; Cu 33,0; Fe 18,2;
32.3 g of sodium silicate-slag containing no (according to the spectral analysis) of the platinum group metals and gold.
Thus, in the alloy target of recovered starting material,%: Pt 93,9; Pd 95,1; Rh 93,3; Ir 91,1; Ru 90,2; the amount of PGM, 94.3; Au 88,8.
The light-depleted alloy shteynopodobny recovered 91.0% copper and 83.3% of the iron contained in the starting materials.
fusion products may be separately processed as described in Example 1.
Thus, use of the invention allows:
increase (in comparison with the prototype) recovering the desired product in the platinum group metals and gold from light alloys shteynopodobnyh;
process various raw materials, including secondary noble metal copper-based alloys, and (or) iron (e.g., electronic scrap or waste iron products), transferring with copper at 78 - 91%, and iron - more than 80% depleted secondary light alloy, which can be ground, and either tested launched for further processing using conventional methods, or shipped to other relevant smelters.
CLAIM
1. Method for processing of products based on non-noble metal chalcogenides containing platinum group metals and gold alloying additives comprising base elements, including a carbonaceous reducing agent, settling and cooling the melt to solidify, the separation of the solidified product formed by interfacial boundaries and extracting noble metals from the bottom heavy phase, characterized in that as additives to the alloy containing platinum group metals and gold, on the basis of mainly selenides and tellurides of copper, iron and lead, are used simultaneously sodium compounds and products containing metallic copper-based alloys (or ) iron scrap including technical products based on copper and (or) iron containing noble metals selected bottom phase pulverized powder bottom phase as a concentrate recycle refining industry.
2. The method of claim. 1, characterized in that sodium compounds are used as sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite or sodium thiosulfate.
3. A method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the amount of alloying additive in% by weight of the batch:
Sodium carbonate - 7 - 15
Sulfite (or thiosulphate) sodium - 3 - 10
The metallic copper-based alloy, and (or) the iron - 5 - 20.
print version
Publication date 27.03.2007gg
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