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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2103397
METHOD OF PROCESSING OXIDIC FOOD PRODUCTS CONTAINING NOBLE METALS
The name of the inventor: Sidorenko Yuri Alexandrovich; Smirnov Pavel Pavlovich; Efimov Valeriy Nikolaevich; Agafonov Dmitry Andreevich
The name of the patentee: Sidorenko Yuri Alexandrovich; Smirnov Pavel Pavlovich; Efimov Valeriy Nikolaevich; Agafonov Dmitry Andreevich
Address for correspondence:
Date of commencement of the patent: 1996.09.23
The method relates to the processing of products on an oxide basis and can be used in the processing of industrial products of the production of precious metals, mainly products on an oxide basis. The method includes separating the smelting of the starting materials to produce a heavy alloy of noble metals and oxide slag. The slag melt is cooled by draining into a circulating water stream (granulated). The resulting granulate is further divided into a light and a heavy fraction by washing in water using a centrifugal separator or a jigging machine. The heavy fraction of the granulate is subjected to smelting as an industrial refined product. The light fraction is melted down in a mixture with the raw material of copper-nickel production. The mass of products subject to additional remelting is reduced by 5-50 times, heavy alloys are obtained 40-100 times more rich in noble metals, the costs for processing products on an oxide basis are reduced.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and can be used in the processing of industrial products of the production of precious metals, primarily products on an oxide basis.
Pyrometallurgical processing of various products on an oxide basis in refining production is associated with the production of significant amounts of slag containing noble metals in the form of mechanically entangled corundums of alloys of different compositions.
Known is a method for processing products on an oxide base containing noble metals, including carrying out two (or more) separation fuses. This method provides for the separation after each melting of the desired product, a heavy alloy of noble metals.
In the first melting, a rich target alloy containing noble metals and slag waste are obtained. After the grinding, the target alloy is directed to refining, and the slag is subjected to a second processing step, a pooling reduction smelting, to obtain the desired alloy of noble metals based on iron and secondary depleted slag. The smelting products are left to stand, cooled to solidification and the resulting alloy of noble metals is separated.
This method is the closest to the claimed and adopted for the prototype.
The shortcomings of this method include the high costs of grinding and re-melting of the slag, and the low content of noble metals in the resulting gelling alloy (0.2-0.5%), which hinders its further processing. Such a low content of noble metals in the alloys formed during repeated melting is explained by the transition to them, almost completely, of metal-collectors (copper, nickel, iron, etc.) that have been reduced from slag. Attempts to reduce the fraction of collectors recovered during melting and thus increase the content of noble metals in the target alloys have led to a marked deterioration in the recovery of noble metals and an increase in their residual content in slags.
A significant disadvantage of the prototype method is the formation of quantities of another product that needs to be processed - those containing noble metals, a fragment of the spent furnace lining.
The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of processing products on an oxide base containing noble metals.
The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that in a known processing method, including the smelting of the raw materials (with optional additions of fluxes) to obtain a heavy alloy of noble metals and oxide slag, cooling the products obtained before solidification and separating the solidified phases, concentrating the noble metals in the heavy alloy, - the slag melt is cooled by draining into a circulating water flow (granulated), the resulting granulate is further divided into light and heavy fractions by washing in water using a centrifugal separator or a jigging machine, the heavy fraction of the granulate is smelted as an industrial refining product, and the light fraction is melted in Mixture with raw materials of copper-nickel production.
The essence of the proposed invention lies in the fact that during the granulation of the slag melt in the water stream a qualitatively new product is formed, differing in its properties from the cured and then mechanically ground slag.
In the process of granulation, when particles of a slag melt containing mechanically entangled microdrops of metal of various sizes enter the water flow, a number of complex rapidly occurring physico-mechanical processes occur, associated with changes in the aggregate state and gas saturation of metal droplets and slag particles.
When a liquid slag particle enters the water, a hard crust is first formed on it. Then, as the cooling cools, there is a rapid and complete crystallization of the metal droplets in the slag volume, accompanied by an increase in their volume and the breaking of a fragile, porous and fragile slag shell. As a result, a granulate is formed - a product consisting of porous particles of ground slag and more or less isolated metal balls containing noble metals. In the obtained granulate, there are practically no splices of splinters of metal bolls with slag particles, as is the case with the usual grinding of solid slag.
The sieve analysis of the granulate showed that the yield of the fraction (-3 mm) is 99-100%. The separation of a granulate of this size into a heavy and light fraction in an aqueous medium by means of a residual machine or a centrifugal separator makes it possible to extract noble metals into the heavy fraction by 85-98%. The yield of the heavy fraction is from 1 to 20% of the weight of the granulated slag.
The resulting heavy fraction of the granulate can be successfully processed using known methods, including separation fusion, separation and subsequent refining of the noble metal alloy. The light fraction can be processed by melting in a mixture with the raw material of copper-nickel production.
Thus, the use of the proposed method, in comparison with the prototype, allows a 5-50-fold reduction in the mass of the products to be re-melted, 40-100 times more rich in noble metals heavy alloys and significantly reduce the overall cost of processing the products on Oxide basis.
Example 1 . 200 kg of recycled slag was charged to the EA-05 electric arc furnace for the separation smelting. At the end of the smelting, the resulting products were drained from the furnace into an inclined settler.
The depleted slag melt from the sump, pouring over its upper edge, flowed into the circulating stream moving under the head of the water.
The resulting pulp, consisting of water and granulated slag, entered the screen basket installed in the intake-feeding container.
At the end of the discharge, 150 kg of granulated slag (dry weight) were discharged from the mesh basket, which was sieved through a sieve (3 mm). The yield of the fraction (-3 mm) was 100%. According to the assay analysis, the granulated slag had the following noble metal content, g / t: platinum 173; Palladium 387; Rhodium 87; Iridium is not present; Ruthenium 180; Gold 80. Thus, the total content of precious metals in the granulate was 907 g / t.
The granulated slag was further divided into heavy and light fractions by washing in an aqueous medium using a centrifugal separator (3 "Knelson Concentrator).
1765 g of heavy fraction - a concentrate of precious metals and 145.2 kg of light fraction - "tails" were obtained.
The content of noble metals in the products obtained was: in the heavy fraction, mass%: platinum 1.33; Palladium 2.83; Rhodium 0.66; Ruthenium 1.35; Gold 0.6. The sum of precious metals is 6.77%; In the light fraction ("tails"), g / t: platinum 17.9; Palladium 55.8; Rhodium 9.0; Ruthenium 22.0; Gold 6.9. The total content of noble metals is 111.6 g / t.
Thus, the extraction of precious metals into the heavy fraction was, in% of the contained MB in the initial granulate: platinum 90.0; Palladium 86.0; Rhodium 90.0; Ruthenium 88.1; Gold 92.0. The total extraction of precious metals was 88.1%.
From the sump after cooling, the following smelting products were extracted: circulating slag containing 1.5% of noble metals, 5 kg; Heavy alloy of noble metals 15 kg.
The heavy alloy of noble metals contained, by mass%: Pt 4.9; Pd 11.2; Rh 2,4; Ir 0.1; Ru 4.8; Au 2.6.
All products obtained: heavy alloy, recycled slag and heavy fraction of granulate can be processed further according to the existing technology. Light fraction of granulate ("tails") can be shipped for deeper processing at the enterprises of copper and nickel industry.
Example 2 . The slag melt, obtained by melting 5 kg of recycled slag in an induction furnace in a graphite crucible, was poured into a jet of water flowing under a pressure of 2 kg / cm 2 along an inclined groove. The initial circulating slag had the following noble metal content, mass%: platinum 0.3; Palladium 1.0; Rhodium 0,4; Iridium 0.1; Ruthenium 0.4; Gold 0.2.
The granulated slag along with the water entered the gutter in the mesh basket. After the discharge of the entire melt, the granulated slag was discharged from the mesh basket. 4548 g of granulated slag (dry weight) were obtained, which was then passed through a sieve (3 mm).
The yield of the fraction (-3 mm) was 453 g or 99%. This fraction of the granulate was enriched on a laboratory two-chamber jig-removal machine of the diaphragm type. The chambers measured in the plan were 100x100 mm, the diameter of the sieve holes was 1.6 mm, the height of the drain threshold was 25 mm. The oscillation frequency of the diaphragm was 150 oscillations / min, flow rate 36 l / h.
The yield of the heavy fraction (concentrate and sub-lattice product in total) was 869 g (dry weight). The yield of the light fraction ("tails") 3616
According to the assay analysis, the "tails" of deposition had the following noble metal content, g / t: platinum 8.2; Palladium 32.1; Rhodium 2.9; Iridium is not present; Ruthenium 6.0; Gold 3.2.
The content of noble metals in the heavy fraction was, by mass%: platinum 1.70; Palladium 5.66; Rhodium 2.26; Iridium 0.55; Ruthenium 2.27; Gold 1.14.
Thus, the extraction of precious metals into the heavy fraction was 98.3% of the content of the initial slag.
The heavy fraction of the granulate was melted in an induction furnace in a graphite crucible at a temperature of 1300-1350 ° C. 435 g of a heavy alloy of noble metals and 390 g of slag were obtained. The heavy alloy contained, by mass%: Pt 3.3; Pd 10.95; Rh 4,45; Ir, 1.1; Ru 4.4; Au 2.25.
The smelting products (heavy alloy and slag) can be processed further according to the existing technology.
CLAIM
1. A method for processing products based on an oxide base containing noble metals, comprising separating the smelting of the raw materials to produce a heavy alloy of noble metals and oxide slag, cooling the resulting products to solidification, and separating the solidified phases with the concentration of noble metals in the heavy alloy, characterized in that cooling Slag melt is drained into a circulating water stream to form a granulate, the resulting granulate is subjected to further separation into light and heavy fractions by washing in water using a centrifugal separator or a jigging machine, the heavy fraction of the granulate is subjected to smelting as a refined product.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the slag melt is passed through the settling tank before granulation, granulation is subjected to a depleted portion of the slag melt discharged through the upper edge of the settler, the melt sludge is cooled to solidification and the heavy alloy is separated from the casting, followed by its refining as Concentrate of platinum group metals.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a class of granulated slag having a size of -3 mm is subjected to separation into light and heavy fractions.
4. A method according to any of the preceding claims. 1 3, characterized in that the separation fusion is carried out with the addition of fluxes.
print version
Date of publication 27.03.2007gg
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