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INVENTION
Patent of the Russian Federation RU2173724
METHOD OF EXTRACTION OF NOBLE METALS FROM SLAGS
The name of the inventor: Sidorenko Yuri Alexandrovich; Smirnov Pavel Pavlovich; Temerov Sergey Anatolievich; Kuchin Nikolai Mikhailovich; Fisin Alexander Andreevich
The name of the patentee: Sidorenko Yuri Alexandrovich; Smirnov Pavel Pavlovich; Temerov Sergey Anatolievich; Kuchin Nikolai Mikhailovich; Fisin Alexander Andreevich
Address for correspondence: 660059, г.Красноярск-59, PO Box 2061, С.А. To Temerov
Date of commencement of the patent: 1999.02.22
The method refers to the affinity production of platinum group metals ( PGMs ), gold and silver. Slag wastes are crushed in a grinder or mill and the powder is classified to obtain a powder with a particle size of minus 3, the minus fraction is subjected to separation into a heavy and light fractions in an aqueous medium, the heavy fraction is further enriched by the smelting method. The water pulp with a light fraction is separated by settling or filtration, the resulting solution is used as a separating medium to facilitate the separation of water from the light fraction from the powder of minus 3 mm in size, an additional class of minus 0.2 mm is further isolated. The method makes it possible to increase the recovery of noble metals.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method of extraction of precious metals from slags refers to the metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and can be used in processing raw materials and industrial products of refining production of gold, silver and platinum group metals.
The raw materials of the refining industry of precious metals contain impurities of slag-forming oxides of base elements: silicon, aluminum, magnesium, calcium, iron, etc. For the normal functioning of the hydrometallurgical refining scheme, it is necessary to remove these impurities in the shipped production waste. This role is performed by slags formed in the process of pyrometallurgical enrichment of solid industrial products. In order to meet the requirements of refining production for the quality of the target enrichment products and at the same time reduce losses with noble metal slags, pyrometallurgical processing of refined industrial products is carried out in two stages. Initially, the composition of the charge and the regimes of the concentration melts are controlled in such a way as to obtain a heavy alloy rich in content of noble metals. The resulting slag, as a rule, contains quite a lot of precious metals, it is called reverse. The circulating slag is then subjected to lean remelting, and a poorer product based on oxides is obtained, so-called conventional slag. The conventional slag contains according to the analysis of samples taken from the melt stream during discharge from the furnace, from 100 to 1000 g / t of PGM and gold in total. Of all the waste products of refining production, the conditionally dump slag is of the greatest mass, and therefore the amount of precious metals contained in it is very significant. For the recovery of these BMs, the conventionally dumped slag in the form of castings, tested by cutting off the melt stream during the discharge of the furnaces, is subjected to additional processing at the enterprises of the copper and nickel industry. Castings of conditionally-dumped slag are melted to obtain copper-nickel matte together with copper-nickel concentrates. Disadvantages of this method of slag processing are settling and even irreversible losses of precious metals in the production cycles of copper and nickel. In addition, due to the insufficient reliability of samples taken from the melt stream (the actual content of noble metals in the tested slag castings is usually higher than in the sample of the melt stream), unaccounted losses occur.
A method is known for extracting precious metals from refined slags , including grinding until a powder of 3-4 mm size is obtained, separating the powder into a heavy and light fractions in an aqueous medium, using as a water medium a solution formed during dehydration of the light fraction, Processing light fraction (tailings) at the enterprises of the copper-nickel industry ( RF patent No. 2081927 ).
The prototype method allows to extract a part of unevenly distributed inclusions of BM phases from the slag, to quickly return them to extraction in refining production and to obtain a product that is homogeneous in terms of noble metals content, the tailed product, which in turn contributes to the improvement of the accuracy of mutual settlements between enterprises and Reduction of unaccounted losses due to this.
However, in the prototype method, as can be understood from its formula, only the part of the powder that has a particle size in the range of 3 to 4 mm is subjected to separation into the heavy and light fractions. Hence, the drawback of the method is the very low extraction of noble metals into the heavy fraction, since when grinding, a few particles are obtained, the sizes of which are in the range of 3 to 4 mm . The fact is that when grinding any brittle materials in any grinding aggregates (mills or crushers), in addition to particles of a specified size ( 3-4 mm ), smaller ones are always obtained, and the yield of a fraction with particles much smaller than 3 mm is many times greater than the yield of the fraction Plus 3 mm .
The technical results are an increase in the recovery of precious metals into a heavy fraction.
The technical result is achieved by using a method for extracting precious metals from slag of refining production , including grinding to obtain a predetermined size powder, separating the powder in an aqueous medium into a heavy and light fraction, isolating the light fraction of the powder from the solution, clarifying the solution and using it as a separation medium, Enrichment of the heavy fusion fraction, according to the invention, the product of grinding before classification in an aqueous medium is classified by size and the separation in an aqueous medium is subjected to a class of minus 3 mm . In addition, class minus 3 mm before separation in aqueous medium is additionally classified into classes plus 0.2 mm and minus 0.2 mm and only class 0.2 mm is subjected to separation.
When grinding slag of refining production in a hammer mill, tuned to produce a powder with a particle size less than 3 mm , the yield of a fraction larger than 2.5 mm did not exceed 8% , and in a ball mill tuned for unloading a powder when it reaches a grain size of minus 4 mm , The yield of a fraction larger than 2.5 mm did not exceed 2% . Therefore, the vast majority of precious metals is in the class minus 3 mm, and this class, according to the method of the prototype, is not subjected to separation into a heavy and light fraction. Thus, the maximum possible extraction of precious metals into the heavy fraction according to the patent No. 2081927 does not exceed 8% .
The technical result , which is achieved by the proposed method of extraction of precious metals, is based on the fact that not a narrow class ( 3-4 mm ) of ground slag is involved in processing, but a significant part of it, which contains 90-96% of all precious metals.
The essence of the invention is illustrated by examples 1 and 2.
Example 1
During 1995 , castings of slag containing preliminary analysis of platinum group metals and gold in the amount of 100 to 1000 grams per tonne were ground in a ball mill tuned for continuous discharge of the powder when its particle size reached less than 4 mm . The sieve analysis of a typical sample of the obtained powder showed the presence of the following fractions in it, % :
More than 2.5 mm - 1.28
Less than 2.5 mm , but more than 0.6 mm - 44.10
Less than 0.6 mm , but more than 0.1 mm - 46.42
Less than 0.1 mm - 8.10
As can be seen from the results of the sieve analysis, more than 98% of the slag mined in the mill had an actual size of less than 3 mm . The average content of noble metals in the class minus 3 mm of the total mass of the powder was, g / t : platinum-91, palladium -385, rhodium-73, iridium-29, ruthenium-76, gold-52 . The resulting powder was passed through a Knelson centrifugal separator having a cone with a diameter of 7.5 ", the pressure of the" loosening "water was maintained at 8 pounds per square inch.
As a result of the separation, 7.8 kg of heavy fraction was obtained from each ton of the slag powder. The heavy fraction contained,%: platinum 0.7 , palladium 2.1 , rhodium 0.73 , iridium 0.18 , ruthenium 0.81 , gold 0.46 . Thus, from every thousand kg of slag was extracted into a heavy fraction, grams: platinum 53.22 , palladium 164.29 , rhodium 53.36 iridium 10.77 , ruthenium 56.68 , gold 41.11 .
The heavy fraction was melted in a crucible induction furnace, the smelting products were drained into a graphite settler. We obtained a BM- rich alloy, the yield of which was 24.8% of the mass of the concentrate. The content in the enriched alloy of PGM and gold (in total) was 20.0% . The output of the slag from the melting of the heavy fraction is 70%, with the content of these noble metals 210 g / t . The extraction into the heavy alloy of all precious metals was about 99%.
The tails of the centrifugal separator contained, g / t : platinum 32.7, palladium 220, rhodium 20, iridium 18.2, ruthenium 19.4, gold 10.9 .
Example 2
Beginning in August 1996, grinding of slags containing PGMs and gold in the range from 100 to 1000 g / t was carried out using a hammer mill. The specified particle size of the powder with a crushing of 3 mm, the actual granulometric composition of the obtained crushing product according to the analysis of a private powder sample was characterized by the following data,%:
Less than 3 mm , but more than 2.5 mm - 7.12
Less than 2.5 mm , but more than 0.63 mm - 52.59
Less than 0.63 mm , but more than 0.1 mm - 32.86
Less than 0.1 mm - 7.43
In June-July 1997, a powder obtained by crushing a slag with a hammer mill to a preset size of minus 3 mm was launched in June-July 1997 for extracting MB using a 12-inch centrifugal Knelson separator. The starting powders were tested for analysis on the content of noble metals. The weighted average content of PGM and gold was 351.9 grams per ton.
Before being separated in an aqueous medium, the powders were further dispersed on a shaker with two mesh-sized meshes mounted on it: one 3 mm and the other 0.2 mm . Three classes of powder were obtained. The yield of the fraction plus 3 mm did not exceed 5% , it was returned to the hammer crusher. The output of the class minus 0.2 mm was 8.8% , the content of PGM and gold in it totaled 336.1 grams per ton. He was shipped to the copper-nickel industry enterprise as a waste of production.
Separations were subjected to a class minus 3 mm , plus 0.2. After separation, 7.4 kg of heavy fraction was obtained from each ton of slag with a PGM content of 15030.3 grams per tonne and tails containing 282.1 grams per ton of precious metals.
The heavy fraction was processed in the same way as in Example 1. A BM- rich alloy was obtained, the yield of which was 29.2% of the weight of the concentrate. The content in the enriched alloy of PGM and gold (in total) was 12.8%. The slag yield from the melting of the heavy fraction is 65%, while the content of these noble metals is 182 g / t. The extraction into the heavy alloy of all precious metals was about 98% .
The light fraction (tails) was shipped for processing in copper-nickel production.
CLAIM
A method for extracting precious metals from refined slags, comprising grinding to obtain a specified size of powder, separating the powder in an aqueous medium into a heavy and light fraction, isolating the light fraction of the powder from the solution, clarifying the solution and using it as a separation medium, enriching the heavy fraction with a fusion , Characterized in that the grinding product is classified by size in a water medium before being separated in an aqueous medium and subjected to a class of minus 3 mm in an aqueous medium.
The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the minus 3 mm class is further classified into classes plus 0.2 mm and minus 0.2 mm before separation in an aqueous medium and only 0.2 mm is subjected to separation.
print version
Date of publication 05.12.2006гг
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