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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2119541
Method of extracting precious metals from intermediates
AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Name of the inventor: Dubinin, NA .; Digonskaya SV .; Kravtsov ED .; Ten VV .; Timofeev VN
The name of the patentee: St. Petersburg branch of JSC NPF "Bashkir mining company"
Address for correspondence:
Starting date of the patent: 1997.11.17
The invention relates to the pyrometallurgy, in particular to the recovery of precious metals from the intermediates. The method is characterized by first forming a lower portion of the reaction furnace volume from a refractory sodium silicate loading sodium carbonate, quartz sand or broken glass and melting at 1150 - 1250 o C, then form the upper part of the reaction volume loading and melting of the sodium carbonate to 1000 - 1100 o C, followed by loading the melt the raw materials kept until the reaction was slagging impurity metals and sedimentation of precious metals in the layer of viscous refractory Staaken and drained upper fusible slag, repeatedly repeated loading of charge materials and discharge of fusible slag, and after draining the last portion of the low-melting slag is melted zhidkopodvizhnogo to state the lower slag and refractory alloy of precious metals, merge them and alloy separated from the slag. Apparatus for carrying out the method is characterized in that it is made with an additional outlet opening disposed at the level of the transition cone in the cylinder. The method and apparatus allow for the processing of the precursor with a low content of noble metals.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the pyrometallurgy, in particular the extraction of precious metals from poor intermediates.
The method for extracting precious metals from a concentrate obtained by mechanical concentration used in aircraft "black boxes" [1].
In the known method a concentrate containing%: Au - 0,12; Ag - 1,37; Al - 27,2; Cu - 38,4; Fe - 9,4; Ni - 3,2; Sh - 2,1 sequentially treated with 20% solution of NaOH and H 2 SO 4, was used for this three-stage countercurrent leaching under pressure. Stirring is carried out mechanically using ultrasound. Optimal conditions for the leaching process: the temperature of the K 363, pressure 700 kPa, while 4 hours. The solution is passed about 90% of copper, which was precipitated by cementation with shredded scrap. The mother liquor was sent to electrolysis to regenerate sulfuric acid.
The solid leach residue containing 0,74% Au and 8,13% Ag, treated under the pressure of 50% nitric acid, and the precipitated silver chloride was reduced to silver by mixing sodium carbonate and heating the mixture to 873 K. From cake nitrate leaching gold extracted using tsarskovodochnogo dissolution and subsequent deposition of NaHSO 4.
The resulting gold contained%: Ag - 0,3; Pd - 10; Sh - 0,3; Pd - 0,1; Fe - 0,3.
The disadvantages of this method are its complexity, multistage, substantial consumption of chemicals.
There is a method adopted for the prototype, brushless smelting intermediates containing tens of percent of precious metals (sluice concentrates on enrichment sands, zinc and cathode precipitation, gravitational and other concentrates) [2].
In the known method, the reaction furnace volume is formed by a non-consumable slag based on sodium carbonate which is charged recyclable intermediates. The melting is carried out in ore-smelting mode at 1100 - 1150 o C. As a result, the impurity metal smelting slag, and noble metals accumulate in the bottom of the bath of the furnace, on the hearth, and then merge through a slag discharge opening and separated from it.
A disadvantage of the method is the inability to conduct smelting accumulative, ie processing intermediates with a low content.. (0.5 - 10%) amount of noble metals.
A device for brushless melting rich intermediates, which is a two-electrode ore-smelting furnace, composed of magnesite brick lined metal casing, cone-shaped tapering down to an outlet at the bottom of the cone [2].
The disadvantage of the device is its unsuitability for conducting cumulative melting, that is, the inability to retrieve it from precious metals semi-poor.
The object of the invention is to provide a method and apparatus for the recovery of precious metals from poor intermediates.
Said technical result is achieved by a method for the recovery of precious metals from poor intermediates, is to create a reaction volume based on sodium carbonate, melting in ore-smelting mode charge materials, draining and separation of slag and alloy precious metals, according to the invention is first formed the lower part of the reaction volume furnace of a refractory sodium silicate loading of sodium carbonate and quartz sand and broken glass and melted at a temperature of 1150 - 1250 o C, then form the upper part of the reaction volume loading and melting sodium carbonate to a temperature of 1 000 - 1100 o C with subsequent loading in the raw melt materials kept until the reaction was slagging impurity metals and sedimentation of precious metals in the layer of viscous refractory slag and drained upper fusible slag, repeatedly repeated loading of charge materials and discharge of fusible slag, and after draining the last portion of the low-melting slag is melted to zhidkopodvizhnogo state lower refractory slag and alloy noble metals and their fused alloy was separated from the slag.
Device for implementing the method comprises a two-electrode ore-heat circuit consisting of a metal housing lined with magnesite brick, formed as a cylinder with a cone bottom and an outlet at the bottom of the cone, and is characterized in that the furnace is provided with an additional outlet opening disposed on the transition level, cylinder cone.
The process is carried out in an apparatus shown schematically in the drawing.
 |
The device is a two-electrode ore-thermal furnace, consisting of a cylindrical (rectangular) metallic shell 1 lined with magnesite bricks 2, tapered (wedge) tapering at the bottom. Bath furnace consists of two parts - a top 3 and bottom 4. The lower part of the furnace situated in the tapered portion lined casing and provided with an outlet 5 at the bottom of the cone 4. The upper part of the furnace situated in the cylindrical portion of the casing and provided with an outlet 6 at the transition of the cylinder a cone. |
Method is as follows
The two-electrode ore-thermal furnace capacity of 75 kVA was charged first with sodium carbonate and broken glass, melted them at 1150 - 1250 o C, forming sodium silicate refractory bottom part of the reaction furnace volume. Then form the upper part of the reaction furnace volume loading and sodium carbonate melt to a temperature 1000 - 1100 o C, followed by loading charge materials into the melt. The upper part of the reaction furnace volume maintained at this temperature until the reaction is complete slagging impurity metals, that is fixed at the end of "boiling" melt. In this case the noble metals are deposited in the lower layer of refractory slag, whereupon the upper fusible slag is drained through the outlet 6, loading charge materials and slag drain fusible repeated many times. After draining the last portion of fusible slag through the outlet 6 lower refractory melted slag and fused it with the molten metal through the outlet 5 into a mold. After cooling, the slag is separated from the alloy of precious metals.
EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION METHOD
Example 1 (prototype)
The two-electrode ore-thermal furnace capacity of 75 kVA, allowing the load to 50 kg of the raw materials loaded 20 kg of sodium carbonate, to melt it and the melt was heated to 1100 o C temperature. Then, 9700 g of loaded melt deposits cathode containing about 95% of the gold and silver. After melting the slag and the metal was drained into a mold. As a result, the metal ingot obtained by melting a mass of 9226 g and 20 kg of slag with 0.04% of the content of precious metals (i.e., 8 g).
The recovery rate was 99.9%.
Example 2 (according to the proposed method)
Subjected to processing chemical intermediate in an amount of 300 kg, which is a gray powder having the following chemical composition%: Zn - 12;
Cu - 6;
Fe - 2,5;
Ni - 1,5;
Co - 1,5;
S - 30;
Au + Ag - 2,2.
The two-electrode ore heat-treating furnace with a capacity of 75 kVA, allowing the load to 50 kg of the raw materials loaded 15 kg of sodium carbonate and 1 kg of broken glass and melted at a temperature of 1200 o C. At the same time the melt is ranked lower part 4 of the furnace. The melt is then cooled to 1100 o C, at the same time he acquired a viscous consistency. In the dense surface of the melt loaded 15 kg of sodium carbonate, melted it and brought the melt temperature up to 1100 o C. When the melt has taken the upper part 3 of the furnace. The melt loaded 20 kg of processed product, survived until the end of the reaction of the impurity metal slagging and deposition of particles of precious metals in the viscous layer of refractory slag. Thereafter fusible slag drained through the outlet 6. Load operations charge materials, slagging impurity metals and noble metal particle deposition in the lower layer of refractory slag repeated several times, then, after draining the last portion of the "upper" melted fusible slag "lower" refractory slag and merged it together with the molten metal through the outlet 5 into a mold.
As a result of the processing (the cumulative melting) of the precursor obtained metal ingot weight of 6564 g of the following chemical composition%: Au - 31,54; Ag - 59,91; Zn - 8,55. The total mass of the extracted precious metals amounted to 6003 g
In addition, 430 kg slag obtained from the total noble metal content of 0.14% or 602 g. The recovery of precious metals in the alloy was 90.9%.
Thus, the proposed method in the present device can perform processing (melting cumulative) intermediates with a low content of noble metals.
CLAIM
Method of extracting precious metals from the precursors comprising forming in the furnace of the reaction volume on the basis of sodium carbonate, melting in ore-smelting mode charge materials, draining and separation of the slag and the alloy of noble metals, characterized in that first form a bottom portion of the reaction furnace volume from a refractory sodium silicate loading of sodium carbonate and quartz sand and broken glass and molten at 1150 - 1250 o C, then form the upper part of the reaction volume loading and melting sodium carbonate to the 1000 - 1100 o C with subsequent downloading to melt the raw materials kept until the reaction was slagging impurity metals and the settling of precious metals in the layer of viscous refractory slag and drained upper fusible slag, repeatedly repeated loading of charge materials and discharge of fusible slag, and after draining the last portion of the low-melting slag is melted to zhidkopodvizhnogo state lower refractory slag and alloy precious metals, merge them and separate the alloy from slag.
Device for the recovery of precious metals from the precursors comprising two electrode ore-smelting furnace consists of a metal casing lined with magnesite brick, formed as a cylinder with a cone bottom and an outlet at the bottom of the cone, characterized in that the furnace is provided with an additional outlet opening disposed on level transition cone in the cylinder.
print version
Publication date 05.12.2006gg
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