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INVENTION
Russian Federation Patent RU2132738
Way to extract small and fine fractions PRECIOUS METALS
Of sand or crushed ores
Name of the inventor: Kravtsov ED .; Digonskaya SV .; Dubinin NA .; Pavlov YV .; Ten VV
The name of the patentee: Open Joint Stock Company "Polymetal"
Address for correspondence: 189510, St. Petersburg, Lomonosov, ul.Fedyuninskogo 5, building 3, kv.5, Kravtsov Evgeny Dmitrievich
Starting date of the patent: 1998.04.15
The invention relates to mining, in particular for mineral processing, and can be used for removing small fines and precious metals from ores sands or crushed ore and the development of placer deposits. Device for the recovery of precious metals includes a two-layer flexible conical cup with inner annular narifleniyami fastened rotatably about a vertical axis, mounted at the bottom of the bowl impeller with vertical blades and mounted on the outer side evenly spaced circumferential frusto-conical crimped rolls formed with an angle 0.1-0.3 taper angle of the taper cup, 0.5-0.9 length of the longest-bowl fixed independently moveable ends of the rollers in the direction of the radius of the bowl, and devices for supplying the pulp, removing tailings and concentrate discharge. The outer more rigid and thin layer of the cup is made of a flexible non-stretchable material, and ring narifleniya made less rigid inner layer. This solution allows you to increase the collection efficiency of small and fine fractions of precious metals minerals in continuous operation between the concentrate and the removably receiving commercial concentrate in one stage of enrichment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used to extract small and fine fractions of precious metals from sands or crushed ore in the development of ore and placer deposits.
There are free-flow centrifugal concentrators such as centrifuges, known as centrifugal separators / 1, p. 293-295 /. They are hemispherical or conical bowl with a broad upper base and with the internal annular narifleniyami. The cup is rotated about a vertical axis. Enriched slurry is fed through the pipe from top to bottom of the bowl. As a result of the wall friction pulp spun in a centrifugal field, climbing wall up and spills over the top edge of the bowl. Heavy minerals are pressed in the centrifugal field to the rotating wall and accumulate in the pores of the mineral bed in the recesses between the riffles. Light minerals washed off the flow and makes.
The main disadvantage of these devices is a rapid decrease in time mineral bed porosity in the recesses between the riffles as a result of its pressing fine sand and clay fractions of light minerals and intermediate-density minerals, and then decreases sharply capture of heavy minerals. To capture the fine fractions of heavy minerals is desirable to use as much as possible the intense centrifugal field, but with an increase in the centrifugal field intensity accelerates pressing corrugation. In this connection, all the existing devices using centrifugal field intensity limited within 5 - 15 (gravitational forces), but at the same time spolosk have to do often enough (maximum at 0.5 - 1 hour).
Devices are known for the deposition of heavy mineral grains in an alternating largest centrifugal field. This rotary centrifugal separator / 2 / and centrifugal concentrator vibrating PA Bragina / 3 / and others like them. All of these devices use the rotation of the double cup which, moreover, that rotates around its axis, receives additional rotation (rotation tests) about an axis not coinciding with the axis of the bowl. A distinction between these separators the mechanical part, providing a double rotation of the bowl, but work (heavy minerals enriched) on one principle. This principle is that the inner surface of the cup moves with a variable linear speed in a mineral bed fluting is pressed slower than in centrifugal separators simple rotation, thus increasing the recovery of small and fine grains of heavy minerals.
The main disadvantage of this device is the fact that the vibration support mineral bed loosened not permanently, but only for a short time after the start of the separator. If further work vibration play a negative role, as in the vibration and the centrifugal field the self-compacting the bed and sharply reduced the extraction of heavy minerals.
A secondary disadvantage of devices are higher vibration of the plant itself, which requires the use of special foundations.
Known concentrating device - hub Knelsona / 1 /, p. 295. Seal mineral bed is eliminated through the water supply to meet the centrifugal field through a series of calibrated small holes in the wall of the cone, so that the mineral bed is maintained in a state of semi-weighted. This achieves high recovery of small and fine fractions of heavy minerals even after prolonged use hub.
The main disadvantage of this device is the limitation on the minimum size of trapped grains of heavy minerals. Grains less than a certain critical size are in the centrifugal field sedimentation velocity less than the velocity of the rising water flow and are not captured.
A device for the recovery of precious metals, including conical cup with annular narifleniyami fastened rotatably about a vertical axis, mounted at the bottom of the bowl impeller with vertical blades, devices for pulp feed, removal of the tailings and concentrate discharge (see. 4) received in as a prototype.
Effective capture of heavy mineral grains is provided by tedders and supplying water to the annular zone of depressions.
The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of collecting grains of heavy minerals and low productivity due to low degree of loosening of the mineral bed and its ejection from the circumferential grooves and wear and turners, need to replace them.
The technical object of the invention is to increase the collection efficiency of the grains of precious metals in a wide range of grain size during prolonged continuous operation.
The technical problem is solved in that the device for the extraction of precious metals, including conical cup with annular narifleniyami fastened rotatably about a vertical axis, mounted at the bottom of the bowl impeller with vertical blades, devices for pulp feed, removal of the tailings and discharging concentrate characterized that conical cup made two-layer, flexible, more rigid thin outer layer of flexible inextensible material, and the annular narifleniyami less hard inner layer and the outside of the cup is uniformly set circumferentially crimped rolls formed frusto-conical shape with a cone angle of 0, 1 - 0.3 times the taper angle of the cup and a length of 0.5 - 0.9 of the length of the generatrix of the cup and set in parallel with the cup forming vertices by combining with the apex of the cone and the bowl neobzhatoy independently moveable roll ends towards the bowl radius, and the outer layer bowl made of a flexible inextensible material.
The apparatus and is characterized in that the outer layer is made of a rubber cup cord.
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The invention is illustrated by the following description and the attached drawing, which shows one of the possible variants of the device. The apparatus includes a flexible conical bowl 1 formed on inner surface of the annular narifleniyami 2 compresses the frusto-conical rollers 3 secured to the bottom of the bowl impeller 4, feed pipe 5, a means for removing tailings 6, hollow shaft 7a and a device for imparting a bowl rotational motion (not shown). The wall of the cup 1 is made two-layer, with a thin outer layer 8 is made of a composite flexible but inextensible material (e.g., rubber cord), a thick inner layer 9, which are made annular narifleniya - made of soft elastic material (eg rubber). The length of the crimping rollers should be as close as possible to the actual forming of the cup and be limited to technical capabilities (the need for installation of supports, etc..). The maximum length is limited to 0.9 times the length of the forming bowls. The minimum length of the rollers required for the effective operation of the device is 0.5 times the length of the forming bowls. The diameter of the crimping rollers is chosen on the basis of technical feasibility, while it is 0.1 - 0.3 times the diameter of the bowl. The angle of taper roller selected from the need to ensure ravnoskorostnogo movement contacting points on the surface of the cup and rolls (to minimize friction). This is achieved by decreasing the taper angle proportional to the diameter of the rollers and to the angle of taper and the diameter of the cup, thus the taper angle of rollers is 0.1 - 0.3 times the taper angle of the cup. Forming rollers are set parallel to the cup so that the cup at neobzhatoy top roller cones superimposed with the apex of the cone cup. |
The minimum number of crimping rollers - three to ensure stable operation of the bowl, maximum - not limited.
The device operates as follows. Before starting the work flexible conical bowl 1 uniformly crimped rollers 3, whereby the bowl in all horizontal cross sections in alignment with the rollers takes the form approximating to a rounded polygon. In operation, the pulp material fed enriched in the bowl 1 through a supply pipe 5. The pulp reaches the impeller 4, and spun the centrifugal force is pressed against the wall of the bowl. The centrifugal field pulp moves along the wall of the conical bowl to its wide base, that is, up where overflows, enters the discharge chamber 6 and displayed. When driving along the bowl wall intensive fibered pulp a centrifugal field, while heavy minerals are deposited in the annular grooves 2 between narifleniyami, minerals and light taken out of water. Due to repeated bending wall of the bowl at its wave-like motion for compressing rollers and between the mineral bed between narifleniyami with each rotation around the axis of the bowl a few times (the number of rollers) is compressed and stretched in the direction of movement. This mineral bed areas, which are in alignment with the rollers are stretched as much as possible, and the areas that are in the middle between the adjacent rollers - as concise as possible. High tensile-compression with the maximum amplitude occurring practically the entire height of the cup wall (except near the very bottom of its rigid attachment to the base), it prevents the pressing of the bed mineral supports and loosened and fluidized state at any operating period. Moreover, due to the frequent strains mineral bed inside it there is a constant differentiation of the grain density. Most heavy minerals, fixed on the open surface of the bed, moving through the layer of lighter mineral grooves on the bottom and the lighter minerals are pushed towards the free surface of the centrifugal field, and makes an upflow slurry. This ensures consistently high extraction of heavy minerals such as gold, as long as it fills almost all the volume of annular grooves.
This device can be used to remove any heavy minerals, but is most effective when it is enriching ores and sand containing precious metal minerals. The content of precious metals in ores is very low (at the level of the first gram per tonne) and for high-quality commercial concentrate is necessary to raise the content of the tens of thousands of times. Using this processing apparatus capable of effectively removing heavy minerals in continuous operation for an unlimited time without removal of concentrate product allows to obtain high-quality precious metal concentrates to one enrichment step.
Made and passed out tests midsize hub TSKPP-300, designed for the extraction of gold and platinum group metals from ores and industrial products under concentrators. Flexible cone has a diameter at the top of base 300 mm, height 300 mm, forming an angle with the axis of the cone 8 o. The cup is crimped six elongated, tapered rollers, compression amplitude 3 - 4 mm. Pan rotation speed of 770 rev / min, which provides an average of 90 centrifugal acceleration. The unit has a capacity for pulp 15 - 45 m 3 / h, at a fixed 2,2-6,5 tons / hour (maximum - in concentration of the particulate material, the minimum in the processing of sludge). Gold recovery in classes size 0.1 mm 97 - 99.5% in classes 0.02 - 0.1 mm 85 - 97% and in classes 0.005 - 0.02 mm 50 - 80%. Concentrate at one spoloske Weight 1,5 - 2,5 kg.
INFORMATION SOURCES
Shokhin VN, Lopatin AG Gravitational enrichment methods. - M .: Nedra, 1993.
Rotary centrifugal separator // AS USSR N 1639742, cl. B 03 B 5/32, 1989.
Centrifugal vibratory concentrate PA Bragin // AS USSR, N 1651955, A1, cl. B 03 B 5/32, 1989.
The centrifugal separator / Patent RF N 2087200, C1, Cl. B 03 B 5/32, 1997.
CLAIM
Device for the recovery of precious metals, including conical cup with annular narifleniyami fastened rotatably about a vertical axis, mounted at the bottom of the bowl impeller with vertical blades, devices for pulp feed, removal of the tailings and discharge of concentrate, characterized in that the conical bowl formed bilayer more rigid flexible thin outer layer of flexible material and the inextensible end narifleniyami less hard inner layer and the outside of the bowl mounted circumferentially uniformly crimped rolls formed frusto-conical shape with a taper angle of 0.1 - 0.3 times the taper angle bowl, length 0.5 - 0.9 times the length of the generatrix of the cup and set in parallel with the cup forming vertices by combining with the apex of the cone and the bowl neobzhatoy independently moveable in the direction of the roll ends bowl radius.
Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer layer is made of a rubber cup cord.
print version
Publication date 05.12.2006gg
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